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Argentiniformes
The Argentiniformes is an order of marine ray-finned fish whose distinctness was recognized only fairly recently. In former times, they were included in the Osmeriformes (typical smelt and allies) as suborder Argentinoidei. That term refers only to the suborder of marine smelts and barreleyes in the classification used here, with the slickheads and allies being the Alepocephaloidei. These suborders were treated as superfamilies Argentinoidea and Alepocephaloidea, respectively, when the present group was still included in the Osmeriformes. They contain six or seven families with almost 60 genera and at least 228 species. A common name for the group is marine smelts and allies, but this is rather misleading since the "freshwater" smelts of the Osmeridae also live predominantly in the ocean.FishBase (2006)Order Osmeriformes Version of 2006-OCT-09. Retrieved 2009-SEP-28. pp. 190–194 The earliest fossil argentiniform remains are otoliths of indeterminate argentinids from the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Opisthoproctidae
Barreleyes, also known as spook fish (a name also applied to several species of chimaera (fish), chimaera), are small deep-sea Argentiniformes, argentiniform fish comprising the family (biology), family Opisthoproctidae found in tropical-to-temperate waters of the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic, Pacific Ocean, Pacific, and Indian Oceans. These fish are named because of their barrel-shaped, tubular eyes, which are generally directed upwards to detect the silhouettes of available prey; however, the fish are capable of directing their eyes forward, as well. The family name Opisthoproctidae is derived from the Greek language, Greek words ''opisthe'' 'behind' and ''proktos'' 'anus', which may be a reference to the intestinal light organ of the type genus, ''Opisthoproctus''. Description The morphology (biology), morphology of the Opisthoproctidae varies between three main forms: the stout, deep-bodied barreleyes of the genera ''Opisthoproctus'' and ''Macropinna'', the extremely slender an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pattersonellidae
Pattersonellidae is an extinct family of primitive ray-finned fish. It is tentatively classified under the suborder Argentinoidei of the order Argentiniformes (marine smelts and allies). The family was established by Louis Taverne in 1982 when he reclassified ''Leptolepis formosus'' (originally described by Ramsay Heatley Traquair) to '' Pattersonella formosa''. Taxonomy * Genus ''Parawenzichthys'' de Figueiredo, Gallo & Delarmelina 2012 ** Species '' Parawenzichthys minor'' de Figueiredo, Gallo & Delarmelina 2012 * Genus '' Pattersonella'' Taverne 1982 ** Species '' Pattersonella formosa'' (Traquair 1911) Taverne 1982 'Leptolepis formosus'' Traquair 1911* Genus '' Wenzichthys'' Taverne 1976 'Wenzia'' Taverne 1976 non Pfeffer 1929 non Clement 2005** Species '' Wenzichthys congolensis'' (Arambourg & Schneegans 1935) Taverne 1976 'Leptolepis congolensis'' Arambourg & Schneegans 1935; ''Wenzia congolensis'' (Arambourg & Schneegans 1935) References Argentiniformes † ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Osmeriformes
The Osmeriformes are an order (biology), order of ray-finned fish that includes the true or freshwater smelts and allies, such as the noodlefishes; they are also collectively called osmeriforms. They belong to the teleost superorder Protacanthopterygii, which also includes pike (fish), pike and salmon, among others. The order's name means "smelt-shaped", from ''Osmerus'' (the type genus) + the standard fish order suffix "-formes". It ultimately derives from Ancient Greek ''osmé'' (ὀσμή, "pungent smell") + Latin ''forma'' ("external form"), the former in reference to the characteristic aroma of the flesh of ''Osmerus''.FishBase (2006)Order Osmeriformes Version of 2006-OCT-09. Retrieved 2009-SEP-28. In the classification used here, the order Osmeriformes contains two suborders, four family (biology), families, some 17 genera, and about 52species. The "marine" smelts and allies (e.g. the odd-looking barreleyes) were formerly included here as suborder Argentinoidei; they are now ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Argentina (fish)
''Argentina'' is a genus of fishes in the family Argentinidae. The earliest fossil member of this genus is ''Argentina voigti'', known from otoliths from the Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) of Germany. Species There are currently 13 recognized species in this genus: * ''Argentina aliceae'' Daniel Morris Cohen, Cohen & Samuel P. Atsaides, Atsaides, 1969 (Alice Argentina) * ''Argentina australiae'' Daniel Morris Cohen, Cohen, 1958 * ''Argentina brasiliensis'' Stanislav Genrikhovich Kobyliansky, Kobyliansky, 2004 * ''Argentina brucei'' Daniel Morris Cohen, Cohen & Samuel P. Atsaides, Atsaides, 1969 (Bruce's Argentine) * ''Argentina elongata'' Frederick Hutton (scientist), F. W. Hutton, 1879 * ''Argentina euchus'' Daniel Morris Cohen, Cohen, 1961 * ''Argentina georgei'' Daniel Morris Cohen, Cohen & Samuel P. Atsaides, Atsaides, 1969 * ''Argentina kagoshimae'' David Starr Jordan, D. S. Jordan & John Otterbein Snyder, Snyder, 1902 * ''Argentina sialis'' Charles Henry Gilbert, C. H. Gi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Argentinidae
The herring smelts or argentines are a family, Argentinidae, of marine smelts. They are similar in appearance to smelts (family Osmeridae) but have much smaller mouths. They are found in oceans throughout the world. They are small fishes, growing up to long, except the greater argentine, ''Argentina silus'', which reaches . They form large schools close to the sea floor, and feed on plankton, especially krill, amphipods, small cephalopods, chaetognaths, and ctenophores. Several species are fished commercially and processed into fish meal. The earliest fossil argentinid remains are indeterminate otoliths from the Barremian Kimigahama Formation of Japan. The presence of these fossils in what is thought to have been a shallow-water environment contrasts with the present occurrence of argentinids in deepwater habitats, suggesting that they must have adapted to deep-sea environments later in the Cretaceous. Otoliths assignable to ''Argentina'' are known from the Late Cretac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bathylagidae
The deep-sea smelts are any members of the family (biology), family Bathylagidae, a distinct group of marine smelts. Deep-sea smelts are marine fishes found in deep waters throughout the oceans, down to in depth. They are small fishes, growing up to long. They feed on plankton, especially krill. Extinction, Extinct genera known only from fossil remains include ''Quaesita'' from California, USA and ''Krumvirichthys'' from the Czech Republic. The oldest fossils are Otolith, otoliths from the Maastrichtian. References * Bathylagidae, Deep sea fish {{Argentiniformes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Microstomatidae
The Microstomatidae (pencil smelts) are a family of marine smelts native to the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific Oceans. Their bodies are small and slender, with large eyes and a small mouth. The dorsal fin is located behind the midpoint of their body, with pectoral fins on sides of their body, and the lateral line extends over the caudal fin. These fins lack spines. They are inhabitants of the mesopelagic to bathypelagic zone, where they feed on zooplankton Zooplankton are the heterotrophic component of the planktonic community (the " zoo-" prefix comes from ), having to consume other organisms to thrive. Plankton are aquatic organisms that are unable to swim effectively against currents. Consequent .... References * * Deep sea fish Marine fish families Euteleostei families {{Argentiniformes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Euteleostei
Euteleostei, whose members are known as euteleosts, is a clade of bony fishes within Teleostei that evolved some 240 million years ago, although the oldest known fossil remains are only from the Early Cretaceous. It is divided into Protacanthopterygii (including the salmon and Stomiidae, dragonfish) and Neoteleostei (including the lanternfish, lizardfish, oarfish, and Acanthopterygii). Taxonomy The following taxa are known: * Clade Pan-Euteleostei ** Genus †''Avitosmerus'' ** Genus †''Barcarenichthys'' ** Genus †''Beurlenichthys'' ** Genus †''Casieroides'' ** Genus †''Chardonius'' ** Genus †''Erihalcis'' ** Genus †''Gaudryella'' ** Genus †''Gharbouria'' ** Genus †''Helgolandichthys'' ** Genus †''Parawenzichthys'' ** Genus †''Santanasalmo'' ** Genus †''Scombroclupeoides'' ** Genus †''Tchernovichthys'' ** Genus †''Wenzichthys'' ** Cohort Euteleostei *** Superorder Lepidogalaxias, Lepidogalaxii *** Superorder Protacanthopterygii *** Clade Stomiati *** ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ray-finned Fish
Actinopterygii (; ), members of which are known as ray-finned fish or actinopterygians, is a class of bony fish that comprise over 50% of living vertebrate species. They are so called because of their lightly built fins made of webbings of skin supported by radially extended thin bony spines called '' lepidotrichia'', as opposed to the bulkier, fleshy lobed fins of the sister clade Sarcopterygii (lobe-finned fish). Resembling folding fans, the actinopterygian fins can easily change shape and wetted area, providing superior thrust-to-weight ratios per movement compared to sarcopterygian and chondrichthyian fins. The fin rays attach directly to the proximal or basal skeletal elements, the radials, which represent the articulation between these fins and the internal skeleton (e.g., pelvic and pectoral girdles). The vast majority of actinopterygians are teleosts. By species count, they dominate the subphylum Vertebrata, and constitute nearly 99% of the over 30,000 extant ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Otolith
An otolith (, ' ear + , ', a stone), also called otoconium, statolith, or statoconium, is a calcium carbonate structure in the saccule or utricle (ear), utricle of the inner ear, specifically in the vestibular system of vertebrates. The saccule and utricle, in turn, together make the ''otolith organs''. These organs are what allows an organism, including humans, to perceive linear acceleration, both horizontally and vertically (gravity). They have been identified in both extinct and extant vertebrates. Counting the annual growth rings on the otoliths is a common technique in estimating the age of fish. Description Endolymphatic infillings such as otoliths are structures in the saccule and Utricle (ear), utricle of the inner ear, specifically in the Labyrinth (inner ear), vestibular labyrinth of all vertebrates (fish, amphibians, reptiles, mammals and birds). In vertebrates, the saccule and utricle together make the ''otolith organs''. Both statoconia and otoliths are used as gra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Barremian
The Barremian is an age in the geologic timescale (or a chronostratigraphic stage) between 125.77 Ma (million years ago) and 121.4 ± 1.0 Ma (Historically, this stage was placed at 129.4 million to approximately 125 million years ago) It is a subdivision of the Early Cretaceous Epoch (or Lower Cretaceous Series). It is preceded by the Hauterivian and followed by the Aptian Stage.See Gradstein ''et al.'' (2004) or the online geowhen database (link below) Stratigraphic definitions The original type locality for the Barremian Stage is in the vicinity of the village of Barrême, Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, France. Henri Coquand defined the stage and named it in 1873. The base of the Barremian is determined by the first appearance of the ammonites '' Spitidiscus hugii'' and ''Spitidiscus vandeckii''. The end of the Barremian is determined by the geomagnetic reversal at the start of the M0r chronozone, which is biologically near the first appearance of the ammonite '' Paradesh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
