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Arab-Jewish Surnames
Arab Jews ( '; ') is a term for Jews living in or originating from the Arab world. Many left or were expelled from Arab countries in the decades following the founding of Israel in 1948, and took up residence in Israel, Western Europe, the United States and Latin America. The term is controversial and politically contested in the diaspora and Israel, where the term "Mizrahi Jews" was adopted by the early state instead. However, a minority of anti-Zionist Jews of Mizrahi origin actively elect to call themselves "Arab Jews". quote:"it is not surprising that very few Jews of Arab descent, in Israel, would label themselves ‘Arab Jews’. It has turned out to be the marker of a cultural and political avant-garde. Most of those who used it, did so in order to challenge the Zionist order of things (i.e., ‘methodological Zionism’; see Shenhav, 2006) and for political reasons (Levy, 2008) However, Jews living in Arab lands have historically not identified themselves as Arabs or Ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Jews From The Arab World
Until the 20th century, Jews accounted for a significant minority among the populations of West Asia and North Africa, which has mostly consisted of the Arab world since the early Muslim conquests. Following the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, the majority of the Arab world's Jews—numbering around 900,000 people—Jewish exodus from the Muslim world, left or were expelled in waves of mass movement that continued until the 1970s. Roughly 72% of these refugees were absorbed by Israel and the remainder largely by the Western world. This article provides a list of prominent Jews with either full or partial origins in the territory of the Arab world from as far back as the early medieval era. Al-Andalus (Arab Spain) * Dunash ben Labrat, commentator, poet, and grammarian * Maimonides, Mūsā ibn Maymūn, medieval philosopher and Torah scholar * Moses ibn Ezra, Abu Harun Musa bin Ya'acub ibn Ezra, philosopher and linguist * Hasdai ibn Shaprut, scholar, physician, and diplomat Algeria * Isaa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Golda Meir
Golda Meir (; 3 May 1898 – 8 December 1978) was the prime minister of Israel, serving from 1969 to 1974. She was Israel's first and only female head of government. Born into a Jewish family in Kyiv, Kiev, Russian Empire (present-day Ukraine), Meir immigrated with her family to the United States in 1906. She graduated from the Wisconsin State College of Milwaukee, Milwaukee State Normal School and found work as a teacher. While in Milwaukee, she embraced the Labor Zionist movement. In 1921, Meir and her husband Third Aliyah, immigrated to Mandatory Palestine, settling in Merhavia (kibbutz), Merhavia, later becoming the kibbutz's representative to the Histadrut. In 1934, she was elevated to the executive committee of the trade union. Meir held several key roles in the Jewish Agency for Israel, Jewish Agency during and after World War II. She was a signatory of the Israeli Declaration of Independence in 1948. Meir was elected to the Knesset in 1949 and served as Labor Minister of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shelomo Dov Goitein
Shelomo Dov Goitein (April 3, 1900 – February 6, 1985) was a German-Jewish ethnographer, historian and Arabist known for his research on Jewish life in the Islamic Middle Ages, and particularly on the Cairo Geniza. Biography Shelomo Dov (Fritz) Goitein was born in the town of Burgkunstadt in Upper Franconia, Germany. His father, Dr. Eduard Goitein, was born in Hungary to a long line of rabbis. The name ''Goitein'' may be derived from Kojetín (in Moravia) as the city of origin of the family. He was brought up with both secular and Talmudic education. In 1914, his father died and the family moved to Frankfurt am Main, where he finished high school and university. During 1918–23, he studied Arabic and Islam at the University of Frankfurt under the guidance of the famous scholar Josef Horovitz while continuing his Talmudic study with a private teacher. He left the university with a dissertation on prayer in Islam. In the year 1923, Goitein fulfilled his lifelong dream and, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Resocialization
Resocialization or resocialisation (British English) is the process by which one's sense of social values, beliefs, and norms are re-engineered. The process is deliberately carried out in military boot camps through an intense social process or may take place in a total institution. An important thing to note about socialization is that what can be learned can be unlearned. That forms the basis of resocialization: to unlearn and to relearn. Resocialization can be defined also as a process by which individuals, defined as inadequate according to the norms of a dominant institution, are subjected to a dynamic redistribution of those values, attitudes and abilities to allow them to function according to the norms of the said dominant institutions. That definition relates more to a jail sentence. If individuals exhibit deviance, society delivers the offenders to a total institution, where they can be rehabilitated. Resocialization varies in its severity. A mild resocialization mi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
State Of Israel
Israel, officially the State of Israel, is a country in West Asia. It Borders of Israel, shares borders with Lebanon to the north, Syria to the north-east, Jordan to the east, Egypt to the south-west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the west. Israeli-occupied territories, It occupies the Occupied Palestinian territories, Palestinian territories of the West Bank in the east and the Gaza Strip in the south-west. Israel also has a small coastline on the Red Sea at its southernmost point, and part of the Dead Sea lies along its eastern border. Status of Jerusalem, Its proclaimed capital is Jerusalem, while Tel Aviv is the country's Gush Dan, largest urban area and Economy of Israel, economic center. Israel is located in a region known as the Land of Israel, synonymous with the Palestine (region), Palestine region, the Holy Land, and Canaan. In antiquity, it was home to the Canaanite civilisation followed by the History of ancient Israel and Judah, kingdoms of Israel and Judah. Situate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Israel Studies
''Israel Studies'' is a triannual peer-reviewed academic journal covering the history, politics, society, and culture of the modern state of Israel. It was established in 1996 S. Ilan Troen as founding editor(Brandeis University). It is published by the Indiana University Press. The editors-in-chief are Arieh Saposnik, Natan Aridan, and S. Ilan Troen. Abstracting and indexing The journal is abstracted and indexed in: * EBSCO databases *Emerging Sources Citation Index *Index Islamicus *International Bibliography of Periodical Literature *International Bibliography of the Social Sciences * Modern Language Association Database * ProQuest databases *Scopus Scopus is a scientific abstract and citation database, launched by the academic publisher Elsevier as a competitor to older Web of Science in 2004. The ensuing competition between the two databases has been characterized as "intense" and is c ... References External links * Academic journals established in 1996 Israeli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire (), also called the Turkish Empire, was an empire, imperial realm that controlled much of Southeast Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th to early 20th centuries; it also controlled parts of southeastern Central Europe, between the early 16th and early 18th centuries. The empire emerged from a Anatolian beyliks, ''beylik'', or principality, founded in northwestern Anatolia in by the Turkoman (ethnonym), Turkoman tribal leader Osman I. His successors Ottoman wars in Europe, conquered much of Anatolia and expanded into the Balkans by the mid-14th century, transforming their petty kingdom into a transcontinental empire. The Ottomans ended the Byzantine Empire with the Fall of Constantinople, conquest of Constantinople in 1453 by Mehmed II. With its capital at History of Istanbul#Ottoman Empire, Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul) and control over a significant portion of the Mediterranean Basin, the Ottoman Empire was at the centre of interacti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sephardic Jews
Sephardic Jews, also known as Sephardi Jews or Sephardim, and rarely as Iberian Peninsular Jews, are a Jewish diaspora population associated with the historic Jewish communities of the Iberian Peninsula (Spain and Portugal) and their descendants. The term "Sephardic" comes from '' Sepharad'', the Hebrew word for Iberia. These communities flourished for centuries in Iberia until they were expelled in the late 15th century. Over time, "Sephardic" has also come to refer more broadly to Jews, particularly in the Middle East and North Africa, who adopted Sephardic religious customs and legal traditions, often due to the influence of exiles. In some cases, Ashkenazi Jews who settled in Sephardic communities and adopted their liturgy are also included under this term. Today, Sephardic Jews form a major component of world Jewry, with the largest population living in Israel. The earliest documented Jewish presence in the Iberian Peninsula dates to the Roman period, beginning in the fir ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lucy Ayoub
Lucy Ayoub (; ; born 21 June 1992) is an Israeli television presenter, poet and radio host, formerly of the Israeli Public Broadcasting Corporation (IPBC) and currently working for Keshet Media Group. Ayoub co-hosted the Eurovision Song Contest 2019 alongside Assi Azar, Bar Refaeli and Erez Tal. Early life Ayoub was born in Haifa, Israel. She is the daughter of an Arab Christians, Arab-Christian father, and an Ashkenazi Jewish mother who Conversion to Christianity, converted to Christianity upon their marriage. Ayoub has one brother and three sisters. Her paternal grandmother was the daughter of Palestinian refugees who fled to Lebanon during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War She was left in a convent in Israel, and later was adopted by a wealthy Arab-Christian woman named Lucy Khayat. Her maternal grandparents were The Holocaust, Holocaust survivors: her maternal grandfather was sent to a Nazi concentration camp, while her maternal grandmother from Romania survived among Partisan (mil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nasrin Kadri
Nasrin Kadri or Nasreen Qadri (; ; born 2 September 1986) is an Israeli singer. She mostly performs Hebrew songs, with a focus on Mizrahi music. However, she also performs Arabic songs, notably including those by Egyptian singer Umm Kulthum. In 2018, Kadri converted to Judaism from Islam. Biography Kadri was born in Haifa, Israel, to a family of Arab Israelis on 2 September 1986. Originally a Muslim, she was raised in Lod, where her father was a taxi driver and her mother was a nurse. Around 2004, Qadri began a relationship with Israeli musician Aviezer Ben-Moha, who is Jewish. She began her conversion to Judaism during this time. In July 2017, the couple became engaged, but broke up and cancelled their upcoming wedding two months later. Upon completing the process of converting in 2018, Kadri took the Hebrew name "Bracha" (), although her official name remains unchanged. However, because the rabbi who oversaw her conversion did so independently of the appropriate Israeli re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baruch Mizrahi
Baruch Mizrahi (; born Hamuda Abu Al-Anyan; 1926 – April 18, 1948) was a Palestinian Arab Muslim convert to Judaism, and a member of the Irgun ("The National Military Organization in the Land of Israel") during the Jewish insurgency in Mandatory Palestine. He became fascinated by the Yishuv, and eventually converted to Judaism. During the 1947–1948 civil war in Mandatory Palestine, he and three others were detained by an Arab police officer, brought before a court headed by the Arab Liberation Army, and executed for collaborating with Zionist forces. Biography Hamuda Abu Al-Anyan (Arabic: حمودة أبو العنين), son of Mahmoud and Fatima, was born into a well-known nationalist family from Safed. At a young age, he became interested in his Jewish neighbors and eventually approached Betar members in Safed who had gathered at the HaMeiri Dairy. At one point he left the Arab government school in Safed and went to study at the local Jewish school, despite opposition fro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Conversion To Judaism
Conversion to Judaism ( or ) is the process by which non-Jews adopt the Jewish religion and become members of the Jewish ethnoreligious community. It thus resembles both conversion to other religions and naturalization. "Thus, by converting to Judaism, the religion, a gentile becomes not only a Judahist—one who practices Judaism—but a Jew. Such a one is then part of the Jewish community as much as of the community of Judaism" The procedure and requirements for conversion depend on the sponsoring denomination. Furthermore, a conversion done in accordance with one Jewish denomination is not a guarantee of recognition by another denomination. Normally, though not always, the conversions performed by more stringent denominations are recognized by less stringent ones, but not the other way around. A formal conversion is also sometimes undertaken by individuals who are raised Jewish or have Jewish ancestry but who may not be considered Jewish according to stringent interpret ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
