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Anushilan Samiti
() was an Indian fitness club, which was actually used as an underground society for anti-British revolutionaries. In the first quarter of the 20th century it supported revolutionary violence as the means for ending British rule in India. The organisation arose from a conglomeration of local youth groups and gyms (akhara) in Bengal in 1902. It had two prominent, somewhat independent, arms in East and West Bengal, (centred in Dhaka), and the Jugantar group (centred in Calcutta). From its foundation to its dissolution during the 1930s, the Samiti challenged British rule in India by engaging in militant nationalism, including bombings, assassinations, and politically motivated violence. The Samiti collaborated with other revolutionary organisations in India and abroad. It was led by the nationalists Aurobindo Ghosh and his brother Barindra Ghosh, influenced by philosophies like Italian Nationalism, and the Pan-Asianism of Kakuzo Okakura. Ullaskar Dutta used to be the Juga ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Revolutionary Movement For Indian Independence
The Revolutionary movement for Indian Independence was part of the Indian independence movement comprising the actions of violent underground revolutionary factions. Groups believing in armed revolution against the ruling British fall into this category, as opposed to the generally peaceful civil disobedience movement spearheaded by Mahatma Gandhi. The revolutionary groups were mainly concentrated in Bengal Presidency, Bengal, Bombay Presidency, Bombay, Bihar Province, Bihar, the United Provinces of Agra and Oudh, United Provinces and Punjab Province (British India), Punjab. More groups were scattered across British Raj, India. Beginnings Apart from a few stray incidents, the armed rebellion against the British rulers was not organized before the beginning of the 20th century. The revolutionary philosophies and movement made their presence felt during the 1905 Partition of Bengal (1905), partition of Bengal. Arguably, the initial steps to organise the revolutionaries were take ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coat Of Arms
A coat of arms is a heraldry, heraldic communication design, visual design on an escutcheon (heraldry), escutcheon (i.e., shield), surcoat, or tabard (the last two being outer garments), originating in Europe. The coat of arms on an escutcheon forms the central element of the full achievement (heraldry), heraldic achievement, which in its whole consists of a shield, supporters, a crest (heraldry), crest, and a motto. A coat of arms is traditionally unique to the armiger (e.g. an individual person, family, state, organization, school or corporation). The term "coat of arms" itself, describing in modern times just the heraldic design, originates from the description of the entire medieval chainmail "surcoat" garment used in combat or preparation for the latter. Roll of arms, Rolls of arms are collections of many coats of arms, and since the early Modern Age centuries, they have been a source of information for public showing and tracing the membership of a nobility, noble family, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hemchandra Kanungo
Hemchandra Das Kanungo (4 August 1871 – 8 April 1951) was an Indian nationalist and a member of the Anushilan Samiti. Kanungo travelled to Paris in 1907, where he learnt the technique of assembling picric acid bombs from exiled Russian revolutionaries. Kanungo's knowledge was disseminated throughout Indian nationalist organisations in the Raj and abroad. In 1908, Kanungo was one of the principal co-accused with Aurobindo Ghosh in the Alipore Bomb Case (1908–09). He was sentenced to transportation for life in the Andamans, but was released in 1921. He was probably the first revolutionary from India who went abroad to obtain military and political training. He obtained training from the Russian emigre in Paris. He returned to India in January 1908. He opened a secret bomb factory "Anushilon Samiti" at Maniktala near Kolkata, founder members of which were Hemchandra Kanungo, Aurobindo Ghosh (Sri Aurobindo) and his brother, Barindra Kumar Ghosh. He was one of the creators of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kakori Conspiracy
The Kakori Train robbery (''prapt'' of Kakori conspiracy) was a train robbery that took place at Kakori, a village near Lucknow, on 9 August 1925, during the Indian independence movement against the British rule in India. It was organized by the Indian revolutionaries of Hindustan Republican Association (HRA). The robbery was conceived by Ram Prasad Bismil and Ashfaqullah Khan who were members of HRA, which later became the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association. This organisation was established to carry out revolutionary activities against the British Empire with the objective of achieving independence. Since the organisation needed money for the purchase of weaponry, Bismil and his party made a plan to rob a train on the Saharanpur railway lines. The robbery plan was executed by Bismil, Khan, Rajendra Lahiri, Chandra Shekhar Azad, Sachindra Bakshi, Keshab Chakravarty, Manmathnath Gupta, Mukundi Lal, Murari Lal Khanna and Banwari Lal. One passenger was killed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Subhash Chandra Bose
Subhas Chandra Bose (23 January 1897 – 18 August 1945) was an Indian independence movement, Indian nationalist whose defiance of British raj, British authority in India made him a hero among many Indians, but his wartime alliances with Nazi Germany and Japanese Fascism, Fascist Japan left a legacy vexed by authoritarianism, anti-Semitism, and military incompetence, military failure. * The honorific 'Netaji' (Hindustani language, Hindustani: "Respected Leader") was first applied to Bose in Germany in early 1942—by the Indian soldiers of the ''Indian Legion, Indische Legion'' and by the German and Indian officials in the Special Bureau for India in Berlin. It is now used throughout India. Bose was born into wealth and privilege in a large Bengalis, Bengali family in Orissa during the British Raj. The early recipient of an Anglocentrism, Anglo-centric education, he was sent after college to England to take the Indian Civil Service examination. He succeeded with distincti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hindustan Republican Association
Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA), previously known as the Hindustan Republican Army and Hindustan Republican Association (HRA), was a radical left-wing Indian revolutionary organization, founded by Sachindranath Sanyal. After changes in Bhagat Singh's ideology and the influence of the Russian Revolution, they held meetings in Feroz Shah Kotla Maidan and added the word socialist to their name. Ram Prasad Bismil, Ashfaqulla Khan, Sachindra Nath Bakshi, Sachindranath Sanyal and Jogesh Chandra Chatterjee were the leaders of the group at the time. HSRA's manifesto titled ''The Revolutionary'' and written constitution were produced as evidence in the Kakori conspiracy case of 1925. Origins Background The non-cooperation movement of 1919 had led to a large-scale mobilization of the Indian population against the British Raj. Although intended as a non-violent resistance movement, due to heightened tensions, and a brutal response by the British police force ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sachindranath Sanyal
Sachindra Nath Sanyal (3 June 1893 — 7 February 1942) was an Indian revolutionary, freedom fighter, and founding member of the Hindustan Republican Association (HRA), later the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA). Born into a Bengali migrant family in Varanasi, he became active in the Anushilan Samiti and was a close associate of Rash Behari Bose. Sanyal played a key role in the 1915 Ghadar Conspiracy and mentored revolutionaries like Bhagat Singh and Chandra Shekhar Azad. Twice sentenced to the Cellular Jail, he remained committed to India’s liberation through armed resistance. He died of tuberculosis while under internment in Gorakhpur in 1942. Early and personal life Sachindra Nath Sanyal's parents were Varendra Bengali Brahmins. His father was Hari Nath Sanyal and his mother was Kherod Vasini Devi. He was born in Benares, then in North-Western Provinces, on 3 June 1893 and married Pratibha Sanyal, with whom he had one son. Revolutionary career San ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indian Independence Movement
The Indian independence movement was a series of historic events in South Asia with the ultimate aim of ending British Raj, British colonial rule. It lasted until 1947, when the Indian Independence Act 1947 was passed. The first nationalistic movement took root in the newly formed Indian National Congress with prominent moderate leaders seeking the right to appear for Indian Civil Service examinations in British India, as well as more economic rights for natives. The first half of the 20th century saw a more radical approach towards self-rule. The stages of the independence struggle in the 1920s were characterised by the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi and Congress's adoption of Gandhi's policy of non-violence and Salt March, civil disobedience. Some of the leading followers of Gandhi's ideology were Jawaharlal Nehru, Vallabhbhai Patel, Abdul Ghaffar Khan, Maulana Azad, and others. Intellectuals such as Rabindranath Tagore, Subramania Bharati, and Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay spr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indian National Congress
The Indian National Congress (INC), colloquially the Congress Party, or simply the Congress, is a political parties in India, political party in India with deep roots in most regions of India. Founded on 28 December 1885, it was the first modern Nationalism, nationalist movement to emerge in the British Empire in Asia and Africa. From the late 19th century, and especially after 1920, under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi, the Congress became the principal leader of the Indian independence movement. The Congress led India to independence from the United Kingdom, and significantly influenced other Decolonization, anti-colonial nationalist movements in the British Empire. The INC is a "big tent" party that has been described as sitting on the Centrism, centre of the Indian politics, Indian political spectrum. The party held its first session in 1885 in Mumbai, Bombay where Womesh Chunder Bonnerjee, W.C. Bonnerjee presided over it. After Indian independence in 1947, Congress eme ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jatindranath Mukherjee
Bagha Jatin (; ) or Baghajatin, born Jatindranath Mukherjee (); 7 December 1879 – 10 September 1915) was an Indian independence activist. He was one of the principal leaders of the Jugantar party that was the central association of revolutionary independence activists in Bengal. Early life Jatin was born in a Bengali Brahmin family to Sharatshashi and Umeshchandra Mukherjee in Kayagram, a village in Kushtia, the then part of undivided Nadia district, in what is now Khulna Division, Bangladesh, on 7 December 1879. He grew up in his ancestral home at Sadhuhati, P.S. Rishkhali, Jhenaidah until his father's death when Jatin was five years old. Well versed in Brahmanic studies, his father liked horses and was respected for the strength of his character. Sharatshashi settled in her parents' home in Kaya with her son and his elder sister Benodebala (or Vinodebala). A gifted poet, she was affectionate and stern in her method of raising her children. Familiar with the essays by c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basanta Kumar Biswas
Basanta Kumar Biswas (6 February 1895 – 11 May 1915) was an Indian pro-independence activist involved in the Jugantar group who, in December 1912, played a role in the bombing of the Charles Hardinge, 1st Baron Hardinge of Penshurst, Viceroy's parade in what came to be known as the Delhi-Lahore Conspiracy. Biswas was one of the illustrious names of the early pro-independence activists of Bengal and the entire country. He was expert in bomb making and was initiated into Revolutionary movement for Indian independence, revolutionary movement by Jugantar leaders Amarendra Chatterjee, Amarendranath Chattopadhyaya and Rash Behari Bose. Early life Basanta Kumar Biswas was born on 6 February 1895 at ''Poragacha'' village in a Bengali Hindu aristocratic Mahishya family of Nadia district of present day West Bengal, to Motilal Biswas and Kunjabala Devi. His ancestor (grand uncle), Digambar Biswas had gained fame as an active leader of the Indigo revolt (''Nil Bidroha,1859'') agains ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
