|
Anti-Francoism
Opposition to Francoism, anti-Francoism and at that time simply opposition, is the denomination given to the group of political and social movements that opposed Franco's regime or dictatorship from the end of the Spanish Civil War (1939) until the first democratic elections (1977), a year and a half after his death (1975). Resistance in the insurgent region (1936–1939) Before the end of the Spanish Civil War, it can be observed that there were signs of opposition in the Francoist zone, controlled by the nascent Franco regime: in December 1936 the attempt by Manuel Fal Conde, leader of Traditionalist Communion, to create a Royal Military Academy of Requetés that was not under the control of the Army resulted in his immediate departure from the country amidst accusations of treason. On April 16, 1937, violent incidents took place in Salamanca between members of different factions within the ''Falange Española y de las JONS'' (the faction of the triumvirate between Agust� ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spanish Libertarian Movement
The Spanish Libertarian Movement (, MLE) was a Spanish people, Spanish anarcho-syndicalist organization founded at the end of the Spanish Civil War by the Confederación Nacional del Trabajo, CNT, the Iberian Anarchist Federation, FAI and the FIJL to develop a joint clandestine activity in the interior of Spain, under the Francoist dictatorship, and legal activity in exile, where it dealt with the thousands of anarcho-syndicalist refugees in France. The MLE national council settled in Paris, with Germinal Esgleas acting as general secretary after the death of Mariano Rodríguez Vázquez on 18 June 1939. History Birth On 26 February 1939, after the fall of Catalonia, the CNT, the FAI and the FIJL established the Spanish Libertarian Movement in France, so that from then on the three anarchist organizations acted jointly, especially regarding the assistance to the thousands of anarcho-syndicalist refugees who were in France. The initiative had come from a plenary session of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Confederación Nacional Del Trabajo
The (CNT; ) is a Spanish anarcho-syndicalist national trade union center, trade union confederation. Founded in 1910 in Barcelona from groups brought together by the trade union ''Solidaridad Obrera (historical union), Solidaridad Obrera'', it significantly expanded the role of anarchism in Spain, which can be traced to the creation of the Spanish Regional Federation of the IWA, Spanish chapter of the IWA in 1870 and its successor organization, the Federation of Workers of the Spanish Region. Despite several decades when the organization was illegal in Spain, the CNT continues to participate in the Labor movement in Spain, Spanish worker's movement, focusing its efforts on the principles of workers' self-management, federalism, and Mutual aid (politics), mutual aid. Historically affiliated with the IWA–AIT, International Workers' Association (AIT), in 2018, the CNT and other unions founded the International Confederation of Labour (ICL-CIT). Organization and function Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Revolutionary Communist League (France)
The Revolutionary Communist League (; LCR) was a Trotskyist political party in France. It was the French section of the Fourth International (post-reunification). It published the weekly newspaper ''Rouge'' and the journal ''Critique communiste''. Established in 1974, it became the leading party of the French far-left in the 2000s. It officially abolished itself on 5 February 2009 to merge with smaller factions of the far-left and form a New Anticapitalist Party. History It was founded in 1974, after its forerunner the Communist League (Ligue Communiste) was banned in 1973. The Communist League was itself founded in 1969 after the Revolutionary Communist Youth (Jeunesses Communistes Révolutionnaires), which was banned in 1968, had merged with Pierre Frank's Internationalist Communist Party. The group included members of other Trotskyist tendencies who were able to organise openly within its ranks to gain support for their views. Its official spokespersons were Alain Kriv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sancho Dávila Y Fernández De Celis
Sancho Dávila y Fernández de Celis (1905–1972) was a Spanish Falangist politician. He was an important figure in the early history of the movement but later fell out of favour. Falangism Dávila was a cousin of José Antonio Primo de Rivera and as such was given the responsibility of expanding the operations of the Falange in Seville and Cádiz in 1933. He soon rose to the rank of ''jefe territorial'' for Andalusia. He was a close ally of José Sáinz Nothnagel and was arrested with him in May 1936 at José Antonio's house. Power struggle Following the execution of José Antonio Primo de Rivera, Dávila joined with his ally Agustín Aznar in a power struggle for the leadership of the Falange. The two men led the ''legitimistas'' group within the movement which opposed the leadership of Primo de Rivera's nominated successor Manuel Hedilla. Dávila's presence was especially important to this group due to his familial connection and he was central in maintaining the cult of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Albatera Camp
Albatera () is a town and municipality located in the ''comarca'' of Vega Baja del Segura, in the province of Alicante, part of the Valencian Community, Spain. Albatera has an area of 66.5 km2 and, according to the 2005 census, a total population of 10,499 inhabitants. The economy of Albatera is mainly based on trade, confección costura (Clothing Manufacture) and agriculture. The most important monument in the city is the baroque Catholic church of ''Santiago Apóstol'', built in 1727 Events January–March * January 1 – (December 21, 1726 O.S.) Spain's ambassador to Great Britain demands that the British return Gibraltar after accusing Britain of violating the terms of the 1713 Treaty of Utrecht. Britain .... Its name comes from the Arabic term “al-uatira”, which means, pathway or path. This toponim with the pass of the time was transformed to the current Latin origin word Albatera, changing completely its meaning to White (Alba) land (Terra) "T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Esteban Pallarols
Esteve Conrad Francesc Pallarols Xirgu (18 July 1900 – 18 July 1943) was a Catalan anarchist who became the first General Secretary of the CNT in clandestinity after the end of the Spanish Civil War. He organised the release of anarchist prisoners from Francoist concentration camps and their subsequent escape from Spain, for which he was executed by the Francoist authorities. Biography After a long exile in Cuba, during the Spanish Civil War, Pallarols was a technical adviser to the libertarian collective of Llíria, in the province of Valencia. When the war ended, he was interned in the . He managed to escape from the camp using documentation provided by a Madrid group of the Iberian Federation of Libertarian Youth (; FIJL), which it had obtained through one of its members who had infiltrated the Falange in Puente de Vallecas. Pallarols immediately contacted three libertarian leaders who were in hiding in Valencia - José Cervera Bermell, Luis Úbeda Canero and Leoncio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Southern France
Southern France, also known as the south of France or colloquially in French as , is a geographical area consisting of the regions of France that border the Atlantic Ocean south of the Marais Poitevin,Louis Papy, ''Le midi atlantique'', Atlas et géographie de la France moderne, Flammarion, Paris, 1984. Spain, the Mediterranean Sea and Italy. It includes southern Nouvelle-Aquitaine in the west, Occitania in the centre, the southern parts of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes in the northeast, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the southeast, as well as the island of Corsica in the southeast. Southern France is generally considered part of southern Europe because of its association with the Mediterranean Sea. The colloquial French name for the region, ''le Midi'', is derived from an Old French compound composed of ''mi'' ("middle") and ''di'' ("day"), meaning literally "midday". Thus, the term is comparable in both origin and meaning to , which to indicates southern Italy, and Romanian whic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of France
The Battle of France (; 10 May – 25 June 1940), also known as the Western Campaign (), the French Campaign (, ) and the Fall of France, during the Second World War was the Nazi Germany, German invasion of the Low Countries (Belgium, Luxembourg and the Netherlands) and French Third Republic, France. The plan for the invasion of the Low Countries and France was called (Case Yellow or the Manstein plan). (Case Red) was planned to finish off the French and British after the Dunkirk evacuation, evacuation at Dunkirk. The Low Countries and France were defeated and occupied by Axis troops down to the Demarcation line (France), Demarcation line. On 3 September 1939, French declaration of war on Germany (1939), France and United Kingdom declaration of war on Germany (1939), Britain declared war on Nazi Germany, over the German invasion of Poland on 1 September. In early September 1939, the French army began the limited Saar Offensive but by mid-October had withdrawn to the start line ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paterna
Paterna is a city and a municipality in the province of Valencia in the Valencian Community, Spain. It is located northeast of the comarca of '' L'Horta de Valencia'', northwest of the inland suburbs of Valencia, and on the left bank of the river Turia. Its population in 2014 was 67,156 inhabitants, being the eleventh city by population in the Valencian Community. Geography The town is characterized by a dry Mediterranean climate, with an average annual rainfall around and temperatures ranging from minimum in January to maximum in August, reaching every summer peaks above . History The first signs of human settlement in Paterna go back to the Neolithic and Bronze Age, and relics have been found in settlements of The Vallesa and Despeñaperros, in an area of small hills near the river Turia, which allowed the water supply. The Iberians also left their imprint in The Vallesa and Despeñaperros, where there have been found remains of a defensive wall and the walls of sma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alianza Democrática Española
Alianza may refer to: Sport * Alianza Atlético, Peru * Alianza Petrolera F.C., Columbia * Alianza Universidad, Peru * Club Alianza Lima, Peru * Alianza F.C. (Colombia) * Alianza F.C. (El Salvador) * Alianza F.C. (Panama) Music * Alianza (Argentine band), a 1994–2000 hard rock band * Alianza, a 1992 Anglo-Chilean music project including the band Show of Hands, with an eponymous album Organizations * Alianza Puertorriqueña, a defunct political party in Puerto Rico * Alliance for Work, Justice and Education, a former party coalition in Argentina * Alianza por Chile, a former right-wing political coalition in Chile * Alianza Islámica, Latino Muslim organization * Alianza Uruguaya por el Sufragio Femenino The Uruguayan Women's Suffrage Alliance (''Alianza Uruguaya por el Sufragio Femenino'', or simply ''Alianza'') was a Uruguayan women's suffrage organization. The Alianza was cofounded by Paulina Luisi in August 1919, breaking away from CONAMU to c ..., a Uruguayan women's s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Straperlo
Straperlo was a scheme which originated in the Netherlands in the 1930s and was then introduced in Spain. In essence it was a fraudulent roulette which could be controlled electrically with the push of a button. The ensuing scandal was one of the several causes of the fall of the Republican government and the polarization of the parliament, which finally led to the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939). Name The name had its origin in the names of the Dutch partners, one of whom was Daniel Strauss, but sources differ on the exact name or names of the others. Some sources say that there was just one other, called Jules Perel. Others state that there was a third female partner, Lowann, the wife of Strauss,''Estraperlo'' in the '' Diccionario crítico etimológico de la lengua castellana'', by Joan Corominas, pag. 445 (10), Francke-Bern, 1954. . but Paul Preston holds Perlowitz as the second partner. According to other sources, the name was in reference to the roulette machines (extra pearl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Republican Faction (Spanish Civil War)
The Republican faction (), also known as the Loyalist faction () or the Government faction (), was the side in the Spanish Civil War of 1936 to 1939 that supported the government of the Second Spanish Republic against the Nationalist faction (Spanish Civil War), Nationalist faction of the military rebellion. The name Republicans () was mainly used by its members and supporters, while its opponents used the term ''Rojos'' (Reds) to refer to this faction due to its left-leaning ideology, including far-left communist and Anarchism in Spain, anarchist groups, and the support it received from the Soviet Union. At the beginning of the war, the Republicans outnumbered the Nationalists by ten-to-one, but by January 1937 that advantage had dropped to four-to-one. Participants Political groups Popular Front Nationalists =Basque= * Basque nationalism ** Basque Nationalist Party ** Basque Nationalist Action =Catalan= * Catalan nationalism ** Republican Left of Catalonia ** Acció Cat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
