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Afro-Caribbean
Afro-Caribbean or African Caribbean people are Caribbean people who trace their full or partial ancestry to Sub-Saharan Africa. The majority of the modern Afro-Caribbean people descend from the Indigenous peoples of Africa, Africans (primarily from West Africa, West and Central Africa) taken as slaves to History of the Caribbean, colonial Caribbean via the Atlantic slave trade, trans-Atlantic slave trade between the 15th and 19th centuries to work primarily on various Sugar plantations in the Caribbean, sugar plantations and in domestic households. Other names for the ethnic group include Black Caribbean, Afro- or Black West Indian, or Afro- or Black Antillean. The term West Indian Creole has also been used to refer to Afro-Caribbean people, as well as other ethnic and racial groups in the region, though there remains debate about its use to refer to Afro-Caribbean people specifically. The term Afro-Caribbean was not coined by Caribbean people themselves but was first used by Europ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sranan Tongo
Sranan Tongo (Sranantongo, "Surinamese tongue", Sranan, Surinamese Creole) is an English-based creole language from Suriname, in South America, where it is the first or second language for 519,600 Surinamese people (approximately 80% of the population). It is also spoken in the Netherlands and across the Surinamese diaspora. It is considered both an unofficial national language and a ''lingua franca''. Sranan Tongo developed among enslaved Africans from Central and West Africa, especially along the Caribbean coastline, after contact with English planters and indentured workers from 1651–67. Its use expanded to the Dutch colonists who took over the territory in 1667 and decided to maintain the local language as a ''lingua franca''. Because the number of English colonists was massively reduced following the arrival of the Dutch, later additions to the language and the presence of African influences have made it distinct from other Afro-Caribbean creoles based on English. Hist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caribbean English
Caribbean English (CE, CarE) is a set of dialects of the English language which are spoken in the Caribbean and most countries on the Caribbean coasts of Central America and South America. Caribbean English is influenced by, but is distinct to the English-based creole languages spoken in the region. Though dialects of Caribbean English vary structurally and phonetically across the region, all are primarily derived from British English, Indigenous languages and West African languages. In some countries with a plurality Indian population, such as Trinidad and Tobago and Guyana, Caribbean English has further been influenced by Hindustani and other South Asian languages. Overview * The daily-used English in the Caribbean has a different set of pronouns, typically ''me, meh'' or ''mi'', ''you, yuh, he, she, it, we, wi'' or ''alawe, wunna'' or ''unu'', and ''dem'' or ''day''. Central Americans use ''I, mi, my, he, she, ih, it, we, wi'' or ''alawe'', ''allayu'' or ''unu'', and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
San Andrés–Providencia Creole
San Andrés–Providencia Creole is an English-based creole language spoken in the San Andrés and Providencia Department of Colombia by the native Raizals. It is very similar to Moskitian Creole and Belizean Creole. Its vocabulary originates in English, its lexifier, but San Andrés–Providencia creole has its own phonetics and many expressions from Spanish and African languages, particularly Kwa languages (especially Twi and Ewe) and Igbo languages. The language is also known as "San Andrés Creole", "Bende" and "Islander Creole English". Its two main strands are San Andres Creole English (or ''Saintandrewan'') and Providence Creole English. History The population of the Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina uses three languages: Creole, English and Spanish.Arias, Carlos Augusto. "Agency in the Reconstruction of Language Identity: A Narrative Case Study from the Island of San Andrés." In ''Gist Education and Learning Research Journal''. No. 9 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Miskito Coast Creole
Moskitian Creole is an English-based creole language spoken on Mosquito Coast, Moskitian Shore in Central America, with approximately 100,000 speakers. ''Mosquitia'' or ''Mosquito'' is the name that is given to the region and earlier residents by early Europeans who visited and settled in the area. The term "''Moskitian''" is now more commonly used to refer to both the people and the language. Moskitian Creole is nearly identical to, and hence mutually intelligible with, Belizean Creole language, Belizean Creole, and retains a high degree of intelligibility with all other Central American English creoles. It is also sometimes classified as a dialect of Jamaican Patois creole but this classification has been disputed. It also includes influences from the Miskito language and West/Central Africa. Geographic distribution Speakers of Moskitian Creole are primarily persons of African, Amerindian, and European descent in the towns and on the offshore islands of the Mosquito Coast, Mosk ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Institut National De La Statistique Et Des études économiques
The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies (, ), abbreviated INSEE or Insee ( , ), is the List of national and international statistical services, national statistics bureau of France. It collects and publishes information about the Economy of France, French economy and Demographics of France, people and carries out the periodic national census. Headquartered in Montrouge, a commune in the southern Paris, Parisian suburbs, it is the French branch of Eurostat. The INSEE was created in 1946 as a successor to the Vichy France, Vichy regime's National Statistics Service (SNS). It works in close cooperation with the Institut national d'études démographiques (INED). Purpose The INSEE is responsible for the production and analysis of official statistics in France. Its best known responsibilities include: * Organising and publishing the national census. * Producing various Index (economics), indices – which are widely recognised as being of excellent quality – inc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bajan Creole
Bajan ( ), or Bajan Creole, is an English-based creole language with West/Central African and British influences spoken on the Caribbean island of Barbados. Bajan is primarily a spoken language, meaning that in general, standard English is used in print, in the media, in the judicial system, in government, and in day-to-day business, while Bajan is reserved for less formal situations, in music, or in social commentary. Ethnologue reports that, as of 2018, 30,000 Barbadians were native English speakers, while 260,000 natively spoke Bajan. Languages Bajan is the Caribbean creole with grammar that most resembles Standard English. There is academic debate on whether its creole features are due to an earlier pidgin state or to some other reason, such as contact with neighbouring English-based creole languages. Due to emigration to the Province of Carolina, Bajan has influenced American English and the Gullah language spoken in the Carolinas. Regionally, Bajan has ties to Belizean K ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saint Kitts Creole
Saint Kitts Creole is a variety of Antiguan and Barbudan Creole spoken in Saint Kitts and Nevis by around 40,000 people. Saint Kitts Creole does not have the status of an official language. Saint Kitts Creole has much the same history as other English Caribbean creoles. Its origin lies in 17th-century enslaved West Africans, who, when brought to the islands to work on sugar plantations, were forced to learn British English quickly because their labour required it. Their English was mixed with West African words and, in some cases, West African language structure. The French, who occupied the island from 1625 to 1713, had only a small impact on the creole spoken today, unlike in the formerly French islands of Dominica and Saint Lucia, which speak a French-based rather than English-based creole. Saint Kitts Creole today is spoken on the islands of St. Kitts and Nevis (although Nevisians refer to the language as "Nevisian" or "Nevis creole"), mainly in rural areas, and is spoken ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rama Cay Creole
Rama Cay Creole is a Creole language spoken by some 800 to 900 people on the island of Rama Cay in eastern Nicaragua. It is based on Miskito Coast Creole with additional elements of the Chibchan language Rama and purportedly some elements of English spoken with a German German(s) may refer to: * Germany, the country of the Germans and German things **Germania (Roman era) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizenship in Germany, see also Ge ... accent. The creolization of the language is supposed to have happened when Moravian missionaries who were native Germans but preached in English encouraged the Rama-speaking population of the island to shift to English. References Report on Miskito Coast Creole with a short mention of Rama Cay Creole*Assadi, Barbara, 1983, Rama Cay Creole English, pp. 115–122 in Holm, John A, Ed. 1983 Central American English. Varieties of English around the World. T2. Hei ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Montserrat Creole
Montserrat Creole is a variety of Antiguan and Barbudan Creole spoken in Montserrat. The number of speakers of Montserrat Creole is below 10,000. Montserrat Creole does not have the status of an official language. A lot of similarities can be found with Jamaican Creole. See also *Antiguan and Barbudan English *Kokoy Creole *Saint Kitts Creole Saint Kitts Creole is a variety of Antiguan and Barbudan Creole spoken in Saint Kitts and Nevis by around 40,000 people. Saint Kitts Creole does not have the status of an official language. Saint Kitts Creole has much the same history as other ... References Languages of Montserrat English-based pidgins and creoles Languages of the African diaspora English language in the Caribbean Creoles of the Caribbean Antiguan and Barbudan Creole {{Africandiaspora-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Limonese Creole
Limonese Creole (also called Limonese, Limón Creole English or ) is a dialect of Jamaican Patois (Jamaican Creole), an English-based creole language, spoken in Limón Province on the Caribbean Sea coast of Costa Rica. The number of native speakers is unknown, but 1986 estimates suggests that there are fewer than 60,000 native and second language speakers combined. Origin and related creoles Limonese is very similar structurally and lexically to the Jamaican Creole spoken in Jamaica and Panama and to a lesser extent other English-based creoles of the region, such as Colón Creole, Mískito Coastal Creole, Belizean Kriol, and San Andrés and Providencia Creole; many of these are also somewhat mutually intelligible to Limonese and each other. Names The name ''Mekatelyu'' is a transliteration of the phrase "make I tell you", or in standard English "let me tell you". In Costa Rica, one common way to refer to Limonese is by the term "patois", a word of French origin used to ref ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jamaican Patois
Jamaican Patois (; locally rendered Patwah and called Jamaican Creole by linguists) is an English-based creole language with influences from West African, Arawak, Spanish and other languages, spoken primarily in Jamaica and among the Jamaican diaspora. Words or slang from Jamaican Patois can be heard in other Caribbean countries, the United Kingdom, New York City and Miami in the United States, and Toronto, Canada. The majority of non-English words in Patois derive from the West African Akan language.Cassidy, F. G. "Multiple etymologies in Jamaican Creole". ''Am Speech'', 1966, 41:211–215. It is spoken by the majority of Jamaicans as a First language, native language. Patois developed in the 17th century when enslaved people from West and Central Africa were exposed to, learned, and nativized the vernacular and dialectal language spoken by the slaveholders and overseers: British English, Hiberno-English and Scots language, Scots. Jamaican Creole exists in gradations between ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grenadian Creole English
Grenadian Creole English is a Creole language spoken in Grenada. It is a member of the Southern branch of English-based Eastern Atlantic Creoles, along with Antiguan Creole (Antigua and Barbuda), Bajan Creole (Barbados), Guyanese Creole (Guyana), Tobagonian Creole, Trinidadian Creole (Trinidad and Tobago), Vincentian Creole (Saint Vincent and the Grenadines), and Virgin Islands Creole (Virgin Islands). It is the common vernacular and the native language of nearly all inhabitants of Grenada, or approximately 89,000 native speakers in 2001. History Great Britain took control of Grenada from France in the 18th century, and ruled until its independence in 1974. Despite the long history of British rule, Grenada's French heritage is still evidenced by the number of French loanwords in Grenadian Creole English, as well as by the lingering existence of Grenadian Creole French in the country. The Francophone character of Grenada is the result of over a century of uninterrupted French rul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
