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Acariformes
The Acariformes, also known as the Actinotrichida, are the more diverse of the two superorders of mites. Over 32,000 described species are found in 351 families, with an estimated total of 440,000 to 929,000 species, including undescribed species. Systematics and taxonomy The Acariformes can be divided into two main clades – Sarcoptiformes and Trombidiformes. In addition, a paraphyletic Paraphyly is a taxonomic term describing a grouping that consists of the grouping's last common ancestor and some but not all of its descendant lineages. The grouping is said to be paraphyletic ''with respect to'' the excluded subgroups. In co ... group containing primitive forms, the Endeostigmata, was formerly also considered distinct. The latter is composed of only 10 families of little-studied, minute, soft-bodied mites that ingest solid food, such as fungi, algae, and soft-bodied invertebrates such as nematodes, rotifers, and tardigrades. These clades were formerly considered subor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mite
Mites are small arachnids (eight-legged arthropods) of two large orders, the Acariformes and the Parasitiformes, which were historically grouped together in the subclass Acari. However, most recent genetic analyses do not recover the two as each other's closest relative within Arachnida, rendering the group invalid as a clade. Most mites are tiny, less than in length, and have a simple, unsegmented body plan. The small size of most species makes them easily overlooked; some species live in water, many live in soil as decomposers, others live on plants, sometimes creating galls, while others are Predation, predators or Parasitism, parasites. This last type includes the commercially destructive ''Varroa'' parasite of honey bees, as well as scabies mites of humans. Most species are harmless to humans, but a few are associated with allergies or may transmit diseases. The scientific discipline devoted to the study of mites is called acarology. Evolution and taxonomy Mites are not ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eupodina
Prostigmata is a suborder of mites belonging to the order Trombidiformes, which contains the "sucking" members of the "true mites" (Acariformes). Many species are notorious pests on plants. Well-known examples of prostigmatan plant parasites are species of the gall mites (Eriophyidae, e.g. the redberry mite '' Acalitus essigi''), Tarsonemidae (e.g. the cyclamen mite, '' Steneotarsonemus pallidus''), and the spider mites of the Tetranychidae (e.g. the two-spotted spider mite, '' Tetranychus urticae''). Other Prostigmata live as parasites on vertebrates (e.g. ''Demodex'' mites of the Demodecidae) or invertebrates (e.g. ''Polydiscia deuterosminthurus'' of the Tanaupodidae or the honeybee tracheal mite, ''Acarapis woodi'', of the Tarsonemidae). There are also some forms (e.g. Smarididae) that are predators of small invertebrates – including smaller Prostigmata – yet others have a more varied lifestyle (e.g. Tydeidae) or switch their food sources as they mature (e.g. Erythraeid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prostigmata
Prostigmata is a suborder of mites belonging to the order Trombidiformes, which contains the "sucking" members of the "true mites" (Acariformes). Many species are notorious pests on plants. Well-known examples of prostigmatan plant parasites are species of the gall mites ( Eriophyidae, e.g. the redberry mite '' Acalitus essigi''), Tarsonemidae (e.g. the cyclamen mite, '' Steneotarsonemus pallidus''), and the spider mites of the Tetranychidae (e.g. the two-spotted spider mite, '' Tetranychus urticae''). Other Prostigmata live as parasites on vertebrates (e.g. ''Demodex'' mites of the Demodecidae) or invertebrates (e.g. '' Polydiscia deuterosminthurus'' of the Tanaupodidae or the honeybee tracheal mite, '' Acarapis woodi'', of the Tarsonemidae). There are also some forms (e.g. Smarididae) that are predators of small invertebrates – including smaller Prostigmata – yet others have a more varied lifestyle (e.g. Tydeidae) or switch their food sources as they mature (e.g. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oribatida
Oribatida (formerly Cryptostigmata), also known as oribatid mites, moss mites or beetle mites, are an order of mites, in the "chewing Acariformes" clade Sarcoptiformes. They range in size from . There are currently 12,000 species that have been identified, but researchers estimate that there may be anywhere from 60,000 to 120,000 total species. Oribatid mites are by far the most prevalent of all arthropods in forest soils, and are essential for breaking down organic detritus and distributing fungi. Oribatid mites generally have low metabolic rates, slow development and low fecundity. Species are iteroparous with adults living a relatively long time; for example, estimates of development time from egg to adult vary from several months to two years in temperate forest soils. Oribatid mites have six active instars: prelarva, larva, three nymphal instars and the adult. All these stages after the prelarva feed on a wide variety of material including living and dead plant and fungal ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eriophyoidea
Eriophyoidea are a superfamily of herbivore, herbivorous mites. All post-embryonic instars lack the third and fourth pairs of legs, and the respiratory system is also absent. The taxonomy of this group has always been confused. There were families created for few or even one species, i.e. Ashieldophyidae Mohanasundaram, 1984 and Pentasetacidae Shevchenko, 1991 but these families were placed by J. W. Amrine and T. A. Stasny within larger groups. Today the following three families are believed to belong to superfamily Eriophyoidea: * Eriophyidae Nalepa, 1898 * Phytoptidae Murray, 1877 * Diptilomiopidae Keifer, 1944 Description Eriophyoids are no more than 0.5 mm long and usually 0.12 mm long or less. The body shape is usually long and wormlike (vermiform), but it can rarely be flattened or lobulate. At the front end of the body are the mouthparts, a pair of minute Pedipalp, palps and two pairs of legs. The posterior part of the body is annulate, meaning it is covered in rings (an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Endeostigmata
Endeostigmata is a suborder of acariform mites. There are about ten families in Endeostigmata. The grouping is strongly suspected to be paraphyletic, containing unrelated early diverging lineages of mites. Taxonomy Source: * Suborder Endeostigmata Reuter, 1909 (5 superfamilies, 10 families, 27 genera, 108 species) ** Infraorder Bimichaliida Oconnor, 1984 (1 superfamily) *** Superfamily Alycoidea G. Canestrini & Fanzago, 1877 (3 families) **** Family Alycidae G. Canestrini & Fanzago, 1877 (6 genera, 29 species) **** Family Nanorchestidae Grandjean, 1937 (5 genera, 45 species) **** Family Proterorhagiidae Lindquist & Palacios-Vargas, 1991 (1 genus, 1 species) ** Infraorder Nematalycina Lindquist, Krantz & Walter, 2009 (1 superfamily) *** Superfamily Nematalycoidea Strenke, 1954 (2 families) **** Family Micropsammidae Coineau & Theron, 1983 (1 genus, 1 species) **** Family Nematalycidae Strenke, 1954 (4 genera, 4 species) **** Family Proteonematalycidae Kethley, 1989 (1 ge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trombidiformes
Trombidiformes is a large, diverse order of mites. Taxonomy In 1998, Trombidiformes was divided into the Sphaerolichida and the Prostigmata. The group has few synapomorphies by which it can be defined, unlike the other major group of acariform mites, Sarcoptiformes. Its members include medically important mites (such as ''Demodex'', the chiggers, and scrub-itch mites) and many agriculturally important species, including the spider mites (Tetranychidae). The superfamily Eriophyoidea, traditionally considered members of the Trombidiformes, have been found to be basal mites in genomic analyses, sister to the clade containing Sarcoptiformes and Trombidiformes. The 2004 classification retained the two suborders, comprising around 125 families and more than 22,000 described species. In the 2011 revised classification, the order now contains 151 families, 2235 genera and 25,821 species, and there were another 10 species with 24 species that present only as fossils. These 151 famili ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sphaerolichida
The Sphaerolichida is a suborder of mites belonging to the order Trombidiformes Trombidiformes is a large, diverse order of mites. Taxonomy In 1998, Trombidiformes was divided into the Sphaerolichida and the Prostigmata. The group has few synapomorphies by which it can be defined, unlike the other major group of acariform .... References *O'Connor, 1984 : '' 1. Speciation and evolution in Acari. 1.2 Phylogenetic relationships among higher taxa in the Acariformes, with particular reference to the Astigmata.'' In Acarology 6, Vol. 1. Griffiths & Bowman pp 19–27. External links {{Taxonbar, from=Q3493201 Trombidiformes Arthropod suborders ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Suborder
Order () is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy. It is classified between family and class. In biological classification, the order is a taxonomic rank used in the classification of organisms and recognized by the nomenclature codes. An immediately higher rank, superorder, is sometimes added directly above order, with suborder directly beneath order. An order can also be defined as a group of related families. What does and does not belong to each order is determined by a taxonomist, as is whether a particular order should be recognized at all. Often there is no exact agreement, with different taxonomists each taking a different position. There are no hard rules that a taxonomist needs to follow in describing or recognizing an order. Some taxa are accepted almost universally, while others are recognized only rarely. The name of an order is usually written with a capital letter. For some groups of organisms, their orders may follow consistent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rotifer
The rotifers (, from Latin 'wheel' and 'bearing'), sometimes called wheel animals or wheel animalcules, make up a phylum (Rotifera ) of microscopic and near-microscopic Coelom#Pseudocoelomates, pseudocoelomate animals. They were first described by John Harris (writer), Rev. John Harris in 1696, and other forms were described by Antonie van Leeuwenhoek in 1703. Most rotifers are around long (although their size can range from to over ), and are common in freshwater environments throughout the world with a few Seawater, saltwater species. Some rotifers are free swimming and truly planktonic, others move by inchworming along a substrate, and some are Sessility (zoology), sessile, living inside tubes or gelatinous holdfast (biology), holdfasts that are attached to a substrate. About 25 species are colonial (e.g., ''Sinantherina semibullata''), either sessile or planktonic. Rotifers are an important part of the freshwater zooplankton, being a major foodsource and with many specie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
