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2005 In France
This article lists events from the year 2005 in France. Incumbents * President of France, President: Jacques Chirac * Prime Minister of France, Prime Minister: Jean-Pierre Raffarin (until 31 May), Dominique de Villepin (starting 31 May) Events *5 January – ''Libération'' journalist Florence Aubenas and her Iraqi guide Hussein Hanoun Al-Saadi are taken hostage in Iraq (freed on 11 June). *11 February – André Vingt-Trois is named Archbishop of Paris. *23 February – A controversial French law on colonialism, requiring teachers to paint it in a positive light, is passed by the national legislature. *25 February – Resignation of Minister of Finance Hervé Gaymard, following a scandal over the low rent of the exclusive apartment he occupied. *March – The Renault Laguna gets facelifted. *31 March – An amendment to the 35-hour workweek law is voted, extending possibilities of overtime. *April – The Fillon law, 2005, Fillon law reforming France's education system is vote ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2005
2005 was designated as the International Year for Sport and Physical Education and the International Year of Microcredit. The beginning of 2005 also marked the end of the International Decade of the World's Indigenous Peoples, International Decade of the World's Indigenous People (1995–2005). Events January * January 1 – Jeanna Giese from Wisconsin, United States, comes home from the hospital and officially becomes the first person to ever survive rabies without a vaccination. * January 5 – Eris (dwarf planet), Eris, the most massive known dwarf planet in the Solar System, is discovered by a team led by Michael E. Brown using images originally taken on October 21, 2003, at the Palomar Observatory. * January 9 – The Comprehensive Peace Agreement is signed, ending the Second Sudanese Civil War in Sudan. * January 12 – Deep Impact (spacecraft), ''Deep Impact'' is launched from Cape Canaveral with the purpose of studying the comet Tempel 1. * January 14 – The Huyg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Minister Of Finance
A ministry of finance is a ministry or other government agency in charge of government finance, fiscal policy, and financial regulation. It is headed by a finance minister, an executive or cabinet position . A ministry of finance's portfolio has a large variety of names around the world, such as "treasury", "finance", "financial affairs", "economy" or "economic affairs". The position of the finance minister might be named for this portfolio, but it may also have some other name, like "Treasurer" or, in the United Kingdom, "Chancellor of the Exchequer". The duties of a finance minister differ between countries. Typically, they encompass one or more of government finances, economic policy and/or financial regulation, but there are significant differences between countries: * in some countries the finance minister might also have oversight of monetary policy (while in other countries that is the responsibility of an independent central bank); * in some countries the finance mi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lyon
Lyon (Franco-Provençal: ''Liyon'') is a city in France. It is located at the confluence of the rivers Rhône and Saône, to the northwest of the French Alps, southeast of Paris, north of Marseille, southwest of Geneva, Switzerland, northeast of Saint-Étienne. The City of Lyon is the List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, third-largest city in France with a population of 522,250 at the Jan. 2021 census within its small municipal territory of , but together with its suburbs and exurbs the Lyon Functional area (France), metropolitan area had a population of 2,308,818 that same year, the second largest in France. Lyon and 58 suburban municipalities have formed since 2015 the Lyon Metropolis, Metropolis of Lyon, a directly elected metropolitan authority now in charge of most urban issues, with a population of 1,424,069 in 2021. Lyon is the Prefectures in France, prefecture of the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Regions of France, region and seat of the Departmental co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bicycle-sharing System
A bicycle-sharing system, bike share program, public bicycle scheme, or public bike share (PBS) scheme, is a shared transport service where bicycles are available for shared use by individuals at low cost. The programmes themselves include both docking and dockless systems, where docking systems allow users to rent a bike from a dock, i.e., a technology-enabled bicycle rack and return at another node or dock within the system – and dockless systems, which offer a node-free system relying on smart technology. In either format, systems may incorporate smartphone web mapping to locate available bikes and docks. In July 2020, Google Maps began including bike share systems in its route recommendations. With its antecedents in grassroots mid-1960s efforts; by 2022, approximately 3,000 cities worldwide offer bike-sharing systems, e.g., Dubai, New York City, New York, Paris, Ecobici (Mexico City), Mexico City, Montreal and Barcelona. History The first bike sharing projects were i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vélo'v
Vélo'v is a bicycle sharing system, bicycle-sharing system running in the city of Lyon, France, in conjunction with the advertising company JCDecaux. It has been the pioneer of smart bicycle-sharing systems, previous systems being more ad hoc and run similar to a charity. The relationship with JCDecaux allows the city to provide the service on a cost neutral basis for the city, and at a very low cost to users, in return for providing exclusive advertising access on bus shelters and the like. The primary aim is to reduce vehicle traffic within the city. The scheme also aims to reduce pollution, create a convivial atmosphere within the city, and encourage the health benefits of increased activity. Its name is a portmanteau of French language, French ''vélo'' (''Bicycle, bike'') and English language, English ''love''. The first bicycle-sharing system to open in France, after the pioneering 1974 scheme in La Rochelle, its success inspired similar systems in major French and Europe, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pentecost
Pentecost (also called Whit Sunday, Whitsunday or Whitsun) is a Christianity, Christian holiday which takes place on the 49th day (50th day when inclusive counting is used) after Easter Day, Easter. It commemorates the descent of the Holy Spirit in Christianity, Holy Spirit upon the Apostles in the New Testament, Apostles of Jesus, Mary, mother of Jesus, Mary, and other followers of the Christ, while they were in Jerusalem during the Second Temple Period, Jerusalem celebrating the Feast of Weeks, as described in the Acts of the Apostles (Acts 2:1–31). Pentecost marks the "Birthday of the Church". Pentecost is one of the Great feasts in the Eastern Orthodox Church, a Solemnity in the Roman Rite of the Catholic Church, a Liturgical calendar (Lutheran)#Festivals, Festival in the Lutheranism, Lutheran Churches, and a Principal Feast in the Anglican Communion. Many Christian denominations provide a special liturgy for this holy celebration. Since its date depends on the date of Eas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peugeot 1007
The Peugeot 1007 is a small three-door car manufactured by Peugeot from 2004 to 2009, noted for its user-swappable interior trim pieces and its four pillar design incorporating two power sliding doors. It shares its platform with the Peugeot 206, Citroën C2 and Citroën C3. Sales commenced in April 2005 in Europe. Background The 1007 is the production version of the Sésame concept, which was presented at the 2002 Paris Motor Show. The car featured the optional "2-Tronic" automated manual transmission, also used (under the name "Sensodrive") on the Citroën's C2, C3 and C3 Pluriel which shares the 206's 1.4 L and 1.6 L petrol engines and 1.4 L and 1.6 L diesel engines. For its size, the 1007 was expensive, with prices around €14,000 / £10,000. Euro NCAP awarded the vehicle its second best ever rating for adult occupant safety. It has been described as a supermini, an urban hatchback, a city car, and a small car, while some of the 1007's features have b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Toulouse
Toulouse (, ; ; ) is a city in southern France, the Prefectures in France, prefecture of the Haute-Garonne department and of the Occitania (administrative region), Occitania region. The city is on the banks of the Garonne, River Garonne, from the Mediterranean Sea, from the Atlantic Ocean and from Paris. It is the List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, fourth-largest city in France after Paris, Marseille and Lyon, with 511,684 inhabitants within its municipal boundaries (2022); its Functional area (France), metropolitan area has a population of 1,513,396 inhabitants (2022). Toulouse is the central city of one of the 22 Métropole, metropolitan councils of France. Between the 2014 and 2020 censuses, its metropolitan area was the third fastest growing among metropolitan areas larger than 500,000 inhabitants in France. Toulouse is the centre of the European aerospace industry, with the headquarters of Airbus, the SPOT (satellites), SPOT satellite system, ATR ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Airbus A380
The Airbus A380 is a very large wide-body airliner, developed and produced by Airbus until 2021. It is the world's largest passenger airliner and the only full-length double-deck jet airliner. Airbus studies started in 1988, and the project was announced in 1990 to challenge the dominance of the Boeing 747 in the long-haul market. The then-designated A3XX project was presented in 1994 and Airbus launched the €–billion ($10.7–billion) A380 programme on 19 December 2000. The first prototype was unveiled in Toulouse, France on 18 January 2005, commencing its first flight on 27 April 2005. It then obtained its type certificate from the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) and the US Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) on 12 December 2006. Due to difficulties with the electrical wiring, the initial production was delayed by two years and the development costs almost doubled. It was first delivered to Singapore Airlines on 15 October 2007 and entered service on 2 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2005 Paris Fires
In 2005, three major fires occurred in Paris, France, killing 48 people, the majority of whom were African immigrants. Fires In the early hours of 15 April 2005, a fire broke out at the Paris-Opera, a six-storey, one-star, budget hotel in the 9th arrondissement. Many of the victims were trapped on the building's upper floors, with some jumping from windows in an attempt to escape. Most of the 76 people staying in the hotel at the time were African immigrants waiting to be housed. The rest were guests of several different nationalities. 24 people were killed and 50 others injured. Around half of the dead were children. On the scene, the nearby Galeries Lafayette department store was used as an emergency hospital and temporary morgue. On 26 August 2005, 17 West African immigrants were killed in a fire at a block of flats in the 13th arrondissement, at least eight of whom were children. District mayor Serge Blisko stated that the deaths had occurred from asphyxiation, not fro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexis Lemaire
Alexis Lemaire (born 1980) is a mental calculation world record holder. He holds a Ph.D. in Computer Science related to artificial intelligence from the University of Reims The University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne (; URCA), also known simply as the University of Reims, is a public university based in Reims, France. In addition to the main campus in Reims, the university has several campuses located throughout t .... He is also the owner of world records for mentally calculating the 13th root of 100-digit numbers and 200-digit numbers. On 10 May 2002, he calculated the 13th root of a 100-digit number in 13.55 seconds, beating the record held by Willem Klein (88.8 seconds) and the somewhat less official record of Gert Mittring (39 seconds). On 23 November 2004, Mittring tried to beat Lemaire's record, but his time of 11.8 seconds was not counted as official, as one organization's rules had decided to stop recognizing records for root extraction of random numbers due to the d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fillon Law, 2005
The Fillon law of 2005 was a law that was adopted in France in April 2005 which would reform France's education system. It is named after François Fillon, the Minister of Education An education minister (sometimes minister of education) is a position in the governments of some countries responsible for dealing with educational matters. Where known, the government department, ministry, or agency that develops policy and deli ... at the time. Aims of the law * Introduction of a core knowledge for certain subjects. This includes French, mathematics, a foreign language, humanistic and scientific culture, communication and information. This excludes arts subjects from its core knowledge * Three hours of support for the teachers * Abolition of ''travaux personnels encadrés'', guided personal projects combining various subjects, research and free study Public reaction The new law was met with significant backlash from students. On 5 February 2005, hundreds of thousands of students ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
