|
1724 In Science
The year 1724 in science and technology involved some significant events. Astronomy * May 22 – Giacomo F. Maraldi concludes, from his observations during an eclipse, that the corona is part of the Sun. Mathematics * Daniel Bernoulli expresses the numbers of the Fibonacci sequence in terms of the golden ratio. * Isaac Watts publishes ''Logic, or The Right Use of Reason in the Enquiry After Truth With a Variety of Rules to Guard Against Error in the Affairs of Religion and Human Life, as well as in the Sciences''. Medicine * Herman Boerhaave describes Boerhaave syndrome, a fatal tearing of the esophagus. Institutions * January 28 – The Saint Petersburg Academy of Sciences is founded by Peter I of Russia. Births * March 27 – Jane Colden, American botanist (died 1766) * June 8 – John Smeaton, English civil engineer (died 1792) * July 10 – Eva Ekeblad, Swedish agronomist, first woman in the Swedish Royal Academy of Science (died 1786) * September 27 – Anton Fri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Smeaton
John Smeaton (8 June 1724 – 28 October 1792) was an English civil engineer responsible for the design of bridges, canals, harbours and lighthouses. He was also a capable mechanical engineer and an eminent scholar, who introduced various scientific method, scientific methodologies into engineering.Morris, Andrew M.A. (2021). "English engineer John Smeaton's experimental method(s)". Studies in History and Philosophy of Science, 89, 283-294, url=https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shpsa.2021.07.004 Smeaton was the first self-proclaimed "civil engineer", and is often regarded as the "father of civil engineering".Denny, Mark (2007). "Ingenium: Five Machines That Changed the World". p. 34. JHU Press. He pioneered the use of hydraulic lime in concrete, using pebbles and powdered brick as aggregate. Smeaton was associated with the Lunar Society. Law and physics Smeaton was born in Austhorpe, Leeds, England. After studying at Leeds Grammar School he joined his father's law firm, but left t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1647 In Science
The year 1647 in science and technology involved some significant events. Astronomy * Johannes Hevelius publishes the first comparatively detailed map of the Moon in his ''Selenographia'' ( Danzig). Births * January 17 – Elisabeth Hevelius, Danzig astronomer (died 1693) * March 20 – Jean de Hautefeuille, French inventor (died 1724) * April 2 – Maria Sybilla Merian, German lepidopterist (died 1717) * August 22 – Denis Papin, French physicist (died c. 1712) * December 7 – Giovanni Ceva, Italian mathematician (died 1734) Deaths * March 29 – Charles Butler, English beekeeper (born 1560) * October 8 – Christen Sørensen Longomontanus, Danish astronomer (born 1562) * October 25 – Evangelista Torricelli, Italian physicist and mathematician (born 1608 Events January–March *January 2 – The first of the Jamestown supply missions returns to the Colony of Virginia with Christopher Newport commanding the ''John and Francis'' and the ''Phoenix'' br ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean De Hautefeuille
Jean de Hautefeuille (, 20 March 1647 – 18 October 1724) was a French abbé, physicist and inventor. Biography Hautefeuille was born in Orléans, France. While still young, his experimental activities came to the attention of Marie Anne Mancini, Duchesse de Bouillon, who became his patroness and brought him into her entourage. In this way, he was able to travel through Italy and England. Through the Duchess' patronage, he came to be ordained as a priest of the Roman Catholic Church. His passion, however, was for the sciences rather than religious matters, and he focused on the field of engineering design. One of Hautefeuille's most important achievements was his proposal to use a spiral spring with a balance wheel in place of a pendulum to control a clock. In the 1670s, he was involved in a dispute with Christiaan Huygens, who along with Robert Hooke claimed priority. Huygens is today generally credited with the invention as he managed to perfect it and the first watch using ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1767 In Science
The year 1767 in science and technology involved some significant events. Agriculture * Arthur Young publishes ''The farmer's letters to the people of England, containing the sentiments of a practical husbandman ... to which is added, Sylvæ, or, Occasional tracts on husbandry and rural oeconomics''. Exploration * June 17 – British Royal Navy Captain Samuel Wallis becomes the first European definitely to visit the island of Tahiti in the Pacific Ocean, during HMS ''Dolphin''s second circumnavigation. * July 3 – Pitcairn Island in the Pacific Ocean is sighted from HMS ''Swallow'' (1766) by 15-year-old Midshipman Robert Pitcairn on a British Royal Navy expeditionary voyage commanded by Philip Carteret, the first definite European sighting. * Autumn – North Carolina woodsman Daniel Boone goes through the Cumberland Gap and reaches Kentucky (in defiance of the Royal Proclamation of 1763). He discovers a rich hunting ground, contested by several Native American tribes. Tech ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marie Anne Victoire Pigeon
Marie-Anne-Victoire de Prémontval, née Pigeon d'Osangis (born 1724, Paris; died 1767, Berlin) was a French mathematician and writer. She was the daughter of the scientist Jean Pigeon. In 1744, she eloped with her teacher, mathematician Pierre Le Guay de Prémontval, to Switzerland, where they married, and then to Berlin. In 1752, she was a teacher of princess Wilhelmina of Hesse-Kassel Princess Wilhelmina of Hesse-Kassel (25 February 1726 – 8 October 1808) was a Prussian princess, married to Prince Henry of Prussia. Early life and ancestry Born into the House of Hesse, Wilhelmina was the daughter of Prince Maximilian of H .... Works * References * * * 1724 births 1767 deaths French women mathematicians 18th-century French mathematicians 18th-century French women scientists 18th-century French educators 18th-century Prussian women 18th-century Prussian people 18th-century French women educators {{France-mathematician-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Michell
John Michell (; 25 December 1724 – 21 April 1793) was an English natural philosopher and clergyman who provided pioneering insights into a wide range of scientific fields including astronomy, geology, optics, and gravitation. Considered "one of the greatest unsung scientists of all time", he is the first person known to have proposed the existence of stellar bodies comparable to black holes, and the first to have suggested that earthquakes travelled in (seismic) waves. Recognizing that double stars were a product of mutual gravitation, he was the first to apply statistics to the study of the cosmos. He invented an apparatus to measure the mass of the Earth, and explained how to manufacture an artificial magnet. He has been called the father both of seismology and of magnetometry. According to one science journalist, "a few specifics of Michell's work really do sound like they are ripped from the pages of a twentieth century astronomy textbook." The American Physical Soc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1793 In Science
The year 1793 in science and technology involved some significant events. Events * August 8 – The French Academy of Sciences is among the academies suppressed by the National Convention. * October 24 – The French Republican Calendar, devised by Gilbert Romme, is adopted by the National Convention. Exploration * July 20 – Scottish explorer Alexander Mackenzie's 1792–1793 Peace River expedition to the Pacific Ocean reaches its goal at Bella Coola, British Columbia, making him the first known person to complete a transcontinental crossing of northern North America. Biology * June 10 – formally established in Paris by the National Convention of the French First Republic. * Christian Konrad Sprengel publishes in Berlin, pioneering the study of pollination ecology. Chemistry * Scottish chemist Thomas Charles Hope confirms the existence of the alkaline earth metal which he names ''strontites''; later isolated as ''strontium''. Medicine * Matthew Baillie publishes ''Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Geographer
A geographer is a physical scientist, social scientist or humanist whose area of study is geography, the study of Earth's natural environment and human society, including how society and nature interacts. The Greek prefix "geo" means "earth" and the Greek suffix, "graphy", meaning "description", so a geographer is someone who studies the earth. The word "geography" is a Middle French word that is believed to have been first used in 1540. Although geographers are historically known as people who make maps, map making is actually the field of study of cartography, a subset of geography. Geographers do not study only the details of the natural environment or human society, but they also study the reciprocal relationship between these two. For example, they study how the natural environment contributes to human society and how human society affects the natural environment. In particular, physical geographers study the natural environment while human geographers study human society ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anton Friedrich Busching
Anton may refer to: People *Anton (given name), a list of people with the given name *Anton (surname), a list of people with the surname Places *Anton Municipality, Bulgaria **Anton, Sofia Province, a village *Antón District, Panama **Antón, a town and capital of the district *Anton, Colorado, an unincorporated town *Anton, Texas, a city *Anton, Wisconsin, an unincorporated community *River Anton, Hampshire, United Kingdom Other uses *Case Anton, codename for the German and Italian occupation of Vichy France in 1942 *Anton (computer), a highly parallel supercomputer for molecular dynamics simulations * ''Anton'' (1973 film), a Norwegian film * ''Anton'' (2008 film), an Irish film * Anton Cup, the championship trophy of the Swedish junior hockey league J20 SuperElit * Dynamite Anton, an name of the main protagonist of Antonblast, a 2024 video game and Antonball Deluxe ''Antonball Deluxe'', stylized in all caps, is a 2021 Puzzle video game, puzzle-Breakout clone, brick b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1786 In Science
The year 1786 in science and technology involved some significant events. Astronomy * January 17 – Pierre Méchain first observes Comet Encke, from Paris. * August 1 – Caroline Herschel becomes the first woman to discover a comet. Biology * Subfossil bones of the Rodrigues solitaire are discovered. Linguistics * February 2 – In a speech before The Asiatic Society in Calcutta, Sir William Jones notes the formal resemblances between Latin, Greek, and Sanskrit, laying the foundation for comparative linguistics and Indo-European studies. Mathematics * Erland Samuel Bring publishes ', proposing algebraic solutions to quintic functions. * Lagrange moves from Prussia to Paris under the patronage of Louis XVI of France. * William Playfair produces the first line and bar charts. Technology * August – James Rumsey tests his first steamboat in the Potomac River at Shepherdstown, Virginia. * Ignaz von Born introduces a method of extracting metals using the patio process in his ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Swedish Royal Academy Of Science
The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences () is one of the royal academies of Sweden. Founded on 2 June 1739, it is an independent, non-governmental scientific organization that takes special responsibility for promoting natural sciences and mathematics and strengthening their influence in society, whilst endeavouring to promote the exchange of ideas between various disciplines. The goals of the academy are: * To be a forum where researchers meet across subject boundaries, * To offer a unique environment for research, * To provide support to younger researchers, * To reward outstanding research efforts, * To communicate internationally among scientists, * To advance the case for science within society and to influence research policy priorities * To stimulate interest in mathematics and science in school, and * To disseminate and popularize scientific information in various forms. Every year, the academy awards the Nobel Prizes in physics and chemistry, the Sveriges Riksbank Prize ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
