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12th Century In Wales
This article is about the particular significance of the century 1101–1200 to Wales and its people. Events 1102 * Henry I of England has a series of charges drawn up against the rebel Robert of Bellême, Earl of Shrewsbury and, when Robert refuses to answer to them, has Robert's former vassal and ally Iorwerth ap Bleddyn, prince of Powys, persuaded to besiege and capture Robert's castles in Shropshire; Iorwerth also delivers his own brother Maredudd ap Bleddyn to the king. The king banishes Robert and his brothers from England and Wales; his brother Arnulf of Montgomery, lord of Pembroke, goes to serve his father-in-law, Muirchertach Ua Briain, High King of Ireland. *Gerald de Windsor is appointed by Henry I of England as Constable of Pembroke Castle. 1103 * Iorwerth ap Bleddyn, prince of Powys, having been insufficiently rewarded for his actions the previous year, again rebels against Henry I and is arraigned before a royal tribunal at Shrewsbury, convicted and imprisone ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
High King Of Ireland
High King of Ireland ( ) was a royal title in Gaelic Ireland held by those who had, or who are claimed to have had, lordship over all of Ireland. The title was held by historical kings and was later sometimes assigned anachronously or to legendary figures. Medieval and early modern Irish literature portrays an almost unbroken line of High Kings, ruling from the Hill of Tara over a hierarchy of lesser kings, stretching back thousands of years. Modern historians believe this scheme was crafted in the 8th century from the various genealogical traditions of powerful dynasties, and intended to justify their status by projecting it far into the past.Dáibhí Ó Cróinín, "Ireland, 400–800", in Dáibhí Ó Cróinín (ed.), ''A New History of Ireland 1: Prehistoric and Early Ireland'', Oxford University Press, 2005, pp. 182–234. John T. Koch explains: "Although the kingship of Tara was a special kingship whose occupants had aspirations towards supremacy among the kings of Irela ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gruffydd Ap Rhys
Gruffydd ap Rhys (c. 1090 – 1137) was Prince of Deheubarth, in Wales. His sister was the Princess Nest ferch Rhys. He was the father of Rhys ap Gruffydd, known as 'The Lord Rhys', who was one of the most successful rulers of Deheubarth during this period. Family Gruffydd had at least two sons prior to marriage to Gwenllian: * Anarawd ap Gruffydd, Anarawd (murdered in 1143). He had a son, Einion, who was murdered in his bed in 1163 * Cadell ap Gruffydd, Cadell (died 1175) He married Gwenllian ferch Gruffydd and by her he had issue: * Morgan (born c. 1116) * Maelgwyn (born c. 1119) * Gwladus (born between 1120 and 1130) * Nest (born between 1120 and 1130) * Owain ap Gruffydd (born c. 1126) * Maredudd ap Gruffydd, Maredudd (born c. 1130/1, died 1155) * Rhys ap Gruffydd, Rhys (born c. 1132) * Sion ap Gruffydd (born c. 1134) Early life Gruffydd was born in Llandeilo. Following the death of his father Rhys ap Tewdwr in 1093, Deheubarth was taken over by the Normans, and Gruf ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Welshpool
Welshpool ( ) is a market town and Community (Wales), community in Powys, Wales, historically in the Historic counties of Wales, county of Montgomeryshire. The town is from the Wales–England border and low-lying on the River Severn. The community, which also includes Cloddiau and Pool Quay, has a population of 6,664 (as of the 2011 United Kingdom census), with the town having 5,948. There are many examples of Georgian architecture within the town. Powis Castle is located to the north. Toponym ''Y Trallwng'' is the Welsh language name of the town. It means "the marshy or sinking land". In English language, English it was initially known as Pool but its name was changed to Welshpool in 1835 to distinguish it from the English town of Poole in Dorset. History St Cynfelin is reputed to be the founder of two churches in the town, St Mary's and St Cynfelin's, during the Age of the Saints in the 5th and 6th centuries. The parish of Welshpool roughly coincides with the medieval ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Llanfair Caereinion
Llanfair Caereinion () is a market town and community in Montgomeryshire, Powys, Wales upon the River Banwy (also known as the River Einion), around 8 miles west of Welshpool. In 2011 the ward had a population of 1,810; the town itself had a population of 1,055 according to Nomis. History Its name is a combination of Welsh ' "church" + ' "Mary" and ' "fort" + ', a personal name, meaning "the church of Mary tthe fort of Einion". The town is built upon the site of an old Roman fort. The site of the Battle of Maes Moydog (1295) is nearby. In 1758 the town was almost completely wiped out by a major fire. Geography The town is close to Welshpool. It acts as a centre for many scattered hamlets and villages in the area. The electorate of the community places it fourteenth in size, out of the county's eighteen towns. Llanfair Caereinion is classified as an area centre in the Powys Unitary Development Plan, for the market town has the largest range of community services and facili ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Madog Ap Rhiryd
Madog ap Rhiryd was a 12th-century Welsh prince of part of Powys. His birth and death dates are unknown. He was a son of Rhiryd ap Bleddyn. In 1110 he allied himself with his cousin, Owain ap Cadwgan, against Henry I of England. After Henry stripped Owain of his title and replaced him with Iorwerth ap Bleddyn, their uncle, Madog killed Iorwerth in 1111. When Owain's father, Cadwgan, was also killed by Madog at Welshpool the same year, Owain became ruler of much of Powys. He employed his uncle Maredudd ap Bleddyn Maredudd ap Bleddyn (1047 – 9 February 1132) was a prince and later King of Powys in eastern Wales. He was involved in the rebellions against Henry I of England, son of William the Conqueror, who launched the Norman invasion of Wales. He was fea ... as ''penteulu'' (captain of the guard). In 1113 Maredudd captured Madog and sent him to Owain. Owain took vengeance for the killing of his father by gouging out Madog's eyes. Nothing more of him is known to history. Refe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philip De Braose
Philip de Braose, 2nd Lord of Bramber ( 1070 – c. 1134) was an Anglo-Norman nobleman and Marcher Lord. Origins Philip was born about 1070 to 1073, the son of William de Braose, 1st Lord of Bramber (d. 1093/96) by his wife Eve de Boissey or Agnes de St. Clare. William de Braose had participated in the Norman conquest of England. He had been rewarded with the feudal barony of Bramber in Sussex and smaller holdings in Dorset, Wiltshire, Berkshire and Surrey. Career Philip as heir consolidated his paternal lands, and expanded them. In 1096 he confirmed his father's gifts to the Abbey of St. Florent. Philip de Braose conquered the Welsh borderlands at Builth and New Radnor and established new Norman lordships over them. At Builth, he constructed a motte-and-bailey fortification at the site where King Edward I later built Builth Castle in the 13th century. He seems to have gone on the First Crusade in 1103. He supported King Henry I (1100–1135) against the claim to the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gilbert Fitz Richard
Gilbert Fitz Richard (–), 2nd feudal baron of Clare in Suffolk, and styled "de Tonbridge", was a powerful Anglo-Norman baron who was granted the Lordship of Cardigan, in Wales . Life Gilbert, born before 1066, was the second son and an heir of Richard Fitz Gilbert of Clare and Rohese Giffard. He succeeded to his father's possessions in England in 1088 when his father retired to a monastery; his brother, Roger Fitz Richard, inherited his father's lands in Normandy. That same year he, along with his brother Roger, fortified his castle at Tonbridge against the forces of William Rufus. But his castle was stormed, Gilbert was wounded and taken prisoner. However he and his brother were in attendance on king William Rufus at his death in August 1100. He was with Henry I at his Christmas court at Westminster in 1101. It has been hinted, by modern historians, that Gilbert, as a part of a baronial conspiracy, played some part in the suspicious death of William II.Frank Barlow, '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Owain Ap Cadwgan
Owain ap Cadwgan (died 1116) was a prince of Powys in eastern Wales. He is best known for his abduction of Nest, wife of Gerald of Windsor. Owain was the eldest son of Cadwgan ap Bleddyn, prince of part of Powys. He is first recorded in 1106, when he killed Meurig and Griffri, the sons of Trahaearn ap Caradog, who held lands in Arwystli. In 1109 Owain's father Cadwgan gave a great feast at his court in Ceredigion, and at this feast Owain was told of the beauty of his second cousin Nest, whose husband Gerald held the castle of Cenarth Bychan (possibly Cilgerran Castle). He decided to visit Cenarth Bychan to see for himself, and having done so fell in love with Nest and determined to have her. It was also enticing that Nest was the daughter of the last King of Deheubarth. One night at Christmas 1109 Owain and fifteen companions burrowed underneath the gate to get into the castle then rushed in to abduct Nest and her children and set fire to the castle. Her husband, Gerald, fl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cilgerran Castle
Cilgerran Castle () is a 13th-century ruined castle located in Cilgerran, Pembrokeshire, Wales, near Cardigan, Ceredigion, Cardigan. The first castle on the site was thought to have been built by Gerald of Windsor around 1110–1115, and it changed hands several times over the following century between English and Welsh forces. In the hands of William Marshal, 2nd Earl of Pembroke, the construction of the stone castle began after 1223. After passing through successive families, it was left to ruin and eventually abandoned by 1400. The castle backs onto a cliff face, with the remaining ruins dating from the 13th century. It was most heavily fortified where it faces inland, and includes a pair of Drum tower (Europe), drum towers, rather than a central keep, which remain standing. It passed into the hands of the National Trust in 1938. It is open to the public and entry is free. Opening times vary. Description The castle sits on a rocky promontory above the River Teifi, with on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nest Ferch Rhys
Nest ferch Rhys (c. 1085 – c. 1136) was the daughter of Rhys ap Tewdwr, last King of Deheubarth in Wales, by his wife, Gwladys ferch Rhiwallon ap Cynfyn of Powys. Her family is of the House of Dinefwr. Nest was the wife of Gerald de Windsor (c. 1075 – 1135), Constable of Pembroke Castle and son of the Constable of Windsor Castle in Berkshire, by whom she was the ancestress of the FitzGerald dynasty. Nest had two younger brothers, Gruffydd ap Rhys and Hywel, and, possibly, an older sister named Marared, as well as several older illegitimate half-brothers and half-sisters. After their father's death in battle in 1093, "the Kingdom of the Britons fell" and was overrun by Normans. Nest's younger brother Gruffydd was spirited into Ireland for safety; their brother Hywel may have been captured by Arnulf de Montgomery, along with their mother, unless, as appears likelier, their mother was captured with Nest; their fate is unknown. Two older brothers, illegitimate sons of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cadwgan Ap Bleddyn
Cadwgan ap Bleddyn (1051–1111) was a prince of the Kingdom of Powys () in north eastern Wales. He (possibly born 1060) was the second son of Bleddyn ap Cynfyn who was king of both Kingdom of Powys and Gwynedd. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle stated: ''"the Welsh ... chose many leaders from among themselves, one of them was called Cadwgan, who was the finest of the all"''. The Welsh ruling kingdoms had descended to civil strife during the Norman invasion of Wales. Bleddyn, Cadwgan's father was killed in 1075 in the 'battle of Gwdig' ( Goodwick) by the neighboring kingdom of Deheubarth and Prince Rhys ab Owain with the nobles of Ystrad Tywi; his family avenged his death when his cousin Trahaearn ap Caradog retaliated in the battle of Goodwick. After this, the Kingdom of Powys was divided between three of Bleddyn's sons: Cadwgan, Iorwerth and Maredudd. Battles Cadwgan is first heard of in 1088 when he attacked Deheubarth with Trahaern ap Caradog in retaliation for his father's dea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
