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1160s In England
Events from the 1160s in England. Incumbents *English monarch, Monarch – Henry II of England, Henry II Events * 1160 ** 2 November – betrothal of 5-year-old Henry the Young King and 2-year-old Margaret of France, Queen of England and Hungary, Marguerite, daughter of Louis VII of France; she brings Norman Vexin to the English crown as a dowry. ** The island of Lundy is granted to the Knights Templar by Henry II. ** Approximate date – Derby School is founded by Walkelin de Derby in Derby; it will survive until 1989. * 1161 ** 5 January – Canonization, canonisation of Edward the Confessor. ** c. April – Bartholomew Iscanus, Bartholomew becomes Bishop of Exeter. * 1162 ** 3 June – Thomas Becket consecrated as Archbishop of Canterbury and resigns as Lord Chancellor. ** Becket decrees that Trinity Sunday should henceforth be celebrated in England. ** King Henry II raises the Danegeld (by now, merely a royal tax) for the last time. * 1163 ** January – Henry II suppresses a r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
England
England is a Countries of the United Kingdom, country that is part of the United Kingdom. It is located on the island of Great Britain, of which it covers about 62%, and List of islands of England, more than 100 smaller adjacent islands. It shares Anglo-Scottish border, a land border with Scotland to the north and England–Wales border, another land border with Wales to the west, and is otherwise surrounded by the North Sea to the east, the English Channel to the south, the Celtic Sea to the south-west, and the Irish Sea to the west. Continental Europe lies to the south-east, and Ireland to the west. At the 2021 United Kingdom census, 2021 census, the population was 56,490,048. London is both List of urban areas in the United Kingdom, the largest city and the Capital city, capital. The area now called England was first inhabited by modern humans during the Upper Paleolithic. It takes its name from the Angles (tribe), Angles, a Germanic peoples, Germanic tribe who settled du ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thomas Becket
Thomas Becket (), also known as Saint Thomas of Canterbury, Thomas of London and later Thomas à Becket (21 December 1119 or 1120 – 29 December 1170), served as Lord Chancellor from 1155 to 1162, and then as Archbishop of Canterbury from 1162 until his death in 1170. He engaged in conflict with Henry II, King of England, over the rights and privileges of the Church and was murdered by followers of the King in Canterbury Cathedral. Soon after his death, he was canonised by Pope Alexander III. He is venerated as a saint and martyr by the Catholic Church and the Anglican Communion. Sources The main sources for the life of Becket are a number of biographies written by contemporaries. A few of these documents are by unknown writers, although traditional historiography has given them names. The known biographers are John of Salisbury, Edward Grim, Benedict of Peterborough, William of Canterbury, William fitzStephen, Guernes of Pont-Sainte-Maxence, Robert of Cricklade, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Woodstock Palace
Woodstock Palace was a royal residence in the English town of Woodstock, Oxfordshire. Henry I of England built a hunting lodge here and in 1129 he built of walls to create the first enclosed park, where lions and leopards were kept. The lodge became a palace under Henry's grandson, Henry II, who spent time here with his mistress, Rosamund Clifford. Henry III frequently visited the palace for entertainment, including once in 1237 when he invited his long-confined cousin Eleanor, Fair Maid of Brittany. Timeline Important events that took place at the palace or manor include: * The marriage of William the Lion, king of Scots to Ermengarde de Beaumont in 1186; * The signing of the Treaty of Woodstock between Henry III of England and Llywelyn ap Gruffudd (1247); * The birth of Edmund of Woodstock, 1st Earl of Kent (1301-1330), the sixth son of King Edward I, and the second by his second wife Margaret of France, and a younger half-brother of King Edward II; * The birth of Ed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Homage (feudal)
Homage (/ˈhɒmɪdʒ/ or ) (from Medieval Latin , lit. "pertaining to a man") in the Middle Ages was the ceremony in which a feudal tenant or vassal pledged reverence and submission to his feudal lord, receiving in exchange the symbolic title to his new position ( investiture). It was a symbolic acknowledgement to the lord that the vassal was, literally, his man (''homme''). The oath known as "fealty" implied lesser obligations than did "homage". Further, one could swear "fealty" to many different overlords with respect to different land holdings, but "homage" could only be performed to a single liege, as one could not be "his man" (i.e., committed to military service) to more than one "liege lord". The ceremony of homage was used in many regions of Europe to symbolically bind two men together. The vassal to-be would go down on their knee and place their palms together as if praying. The lord to-be would place his hands over the hands of the vassal, while the vassal made a short ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Malcolm IV Of Scotland
Malcolm IV (; ), nicknamed Virgo, "the Maiden" (between 23 April and 24 May 1141 – 9 December 1165) was King of Scotland from 1153 until his death. He was the eldest son of Henry, Earl of Huntingdon and Northumbria (died 1152) and Ada de Warenne. The original Malcolm Canmore, a name now associated with his great-grandfather Malcolm III (Máel Coluim mac Donnchada), he succeeded his grandfather David I, and shared David's Anglo-Norman tastes. Called Malcolm the Maiden by later chroniclers, a name which may incorrectly suggest weakness or effeminacy to modern readers, he was noted for his religious zeal and interest in knighthood and warfare. For much of his reign, he was in poor health and died unmarried at the age of twenty-four. Accession Earl Henry, son and heir of King David I of Scotland, had been in poor health throughout the 1140s. He died suddenly on 12 June 1152. His death occurred in either Newcastle or Roxburgh, both located in those areas of Northumbria wh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1180s In England
Events from the 1180s in England. Incumbents *Monarch – Henry II (to 6 July 1189), then Richard I Events * 1180 ** September – King Henry II renews the Pact of Ivry with the newly crowned King Philip II of France. ** Construction of Wells Cathedral begins. ** Ranulf de Glanvill writes the first known treatise on English law. ** Coinage reform: new silver coins minted. ** Approximate completion date of synagogues at Jew's Court, Lincoln, and in Guildford. * 1181 ** December – Baldwin of Exeter enthroned as Archbishop of Canterbury. ** A dispute arises between Henry II's sons Richard and Henry the Young King over lands in Aquitaine. ** Assize of Arms enacts military reform. * 1182 ** Henry the Young King leads a rebellion against his father in Aquitaine. * 1183 ** February – Geoffrey of Brittany allies with Henry the Young King against Henry II and Richard. ** 11 June – Henry the Young King dies, ending the fighting in Aquitaine. ** The Boldon Book is compiled as a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bishop Of London
The bishop of London is the Ordinary (church officer), ordinary of the Church of England's Diocese of London in the Province of Canterbury. By custom the Bishop is also Dean of the Chapel Royal since 1723. The diocese covers of 17 boroughs of Greater London north of the Thames, River Thames (historically the City of London and the County of Middlesex) and a small part of the County of Surrey (the district of Borough of Spelthorne, Spelthorne, historically part of Middlesex). The Episcopal see, see is in the City of London, where the seat is St Paul's Cathedral, which was founded as a cathedral in 604 and was rebuilt from 1675 following the Great Fire of London (1666). Third in seniority in the Church of England after the archbishops of Archbishop of Canterbury, Canterbury and Archbishop of York, York, the bishop is one of five senior bishops who sit as of right as one of the 26 Lords Spiritual in the House of Lords (for the remaining diocesan bishops of lesser rank, seats are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diocese Of Hereford
The Diocese of Hereford is a Church of England diocese based in Hereford, covering Herefordshire, southern Shropshire and a few parishes within Worcestershire in England, and a few parishes within Powys and Monmouthshire in Wales. The cathedral is Hereford Cathedral and the bishop is the Bishop of Hereford. The diocese is one of the oldest in England (created in 676 and based on the minor sub-kingdom of the Magonsæte) and is part of the Province of Canterbury. Bishops The diocesan Bishop of Hereford (Richard Jackson (bishop), Richard Jackson) was, until 2020, assisted by the Bishop of Ludlow, Bishop suffragan of Ludlow (which see was created in 1981) — it has been announced that the suffragan See is not to be filled. The provincial episcopal visitor (for parishes in this diocese – among twelve others in the western part of the Province of Canterbury – who reject the ministry of priests who are women, since 1994) is the Bishop of Ebbsfleet, Bishop suffragan of Ebbsfleet, who ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gilbert Foliot
Gilbert Foliot (Wiktionary:circa, c. 1110 – 18 February 1187) was a medieval English monk and prelate, successively Abbot of Gloucester, Bishop of Hereford and Bishop of London. Born to an ecclesiastical family, he became a monk at Cluny Abbey in France at about the age of twenty. After holding two posts as Prior (ecclesiastical), prior in the Cluniac order he was appointed Abbot of Gloucester Abbey in 1139, a promotion influenced by his kinsman Miles of Gloucester, 1st Earl of Hereford, Miles of Gloucester. During his tenure as abbot, he acquired additional land for the abbey and may have helped to fabricate some charters—legal deeds attesting property ownership—to gain advantage in a dispute with the archbishop of York, Archbishops of York. Although Foliot recognised Stephen, King of England, Stephen as the King of England, he may have also sympathised with the Empress Matilda's claim to the throne. He joined Matilda's supporters after her forces captured Stephen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhys Ap Gruffydd
Rhys ap Gruffydd or ap Gruffudd (often anglicised to "Griffith"; c. 1132 – 28 April 1197) was the ruler of the kingdom of Deheubarth in south Wales from 1155 to 1197. Today, he is commonly known as The Lord Rhys, in Welsh ''Yr Arglwydd Rhys'', although this title may have not been used in his lifetime. He usually used the title "Proprietary Prince of Deheubarth" or "Prince of South Wales", but two documents have been discovered in which he uses the title "Prince of Wales" or "Prince of the Welsh". At the time, the word ''prince'', deriving as it did from the Latin ''princeps'', meant "first person, chief leader; ruler, sovereign." It wasn't until the 14th century that it came to mean "heir to the throne". Thus, Rhys, by designating himself princeps, was calling himself the principal ruler of Wales. Rhys was one of the most successful and powerful Wales, Welsh rulers, and, after the death of Owain Gwynedd of Kingdom of Gwynedd, Gwynedd in 1170, the dominant power in Wales. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wales
Wales ( ) is a Countries of the United Kingdom, country that is part of the United Kingdom. It is bordered by the Irish Sea to the north and west, England to the England–Wales border, east, the Bristol Channel to the south, and the Celtic Sea to the south-west. , it had a population of 3.2 million. It has a total area of and over of Coastline of Wales, coastline. It is largely mountainous with its higher peaks in the north and central areas, including Snowdon (), its highest summit. The country lies within the Temperate climate, north temperate zone and has a changeable, Oceanic climate, maritime climate. Its capital and largest city is Cardiff. A distinct Culture of Wales, Welsh culture emerged among the Celtic Britons after the End of Roman rule in Britain, Roman withdrawal from Britain in the 5th century, and Wales was briefly united under Gruffudd ap Llywelyn in 1055. After over 200 years of war, the Conquest of Wales by Edward I, conquest of Wales by King Edward I o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Danegeld
Danegeld (; "Danish tax", literally "Dane yield" or tribute) was a tax raised to pay tribute or Protection racket, protection money to the Viking raiders to save a land from being ravaged. It was called the ''geld'' or ''gafol'' in eleventh-century sources. It was characteristic of royal policy in both England and Francia during the ninth through eleventh centuries, collected both as Tribute, tributary, to buy off the attackers, and as stipendiary, to pay the defensive forces. The term ''Danegeld'' did not appear until the late eleventh century. In History of Anglo-Saxon England, Anglo-Saxon England tribute payments to the Danes was known as ''gafol'' and the levy raised to support the standing army, for the defence of the realm, was known as ''heregeld'' (army-tax). England In England, a Hide (unit), hide was notionally an area of land sufficient to support one family; however their true size and economic value varied enormously. The hide's purpose was as a unit of assessmen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
