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Bromsgroveia
''Bromsgroveia'' is an extinct genus of predatory ctenosauriscid archosaur from the Middle Triassic Bromsgrove Sandstone of England. Ctenosauriscids were a group of rauisuchians that was related to the ancestors of modern crocodiles and alligators. Classification ''Bromsgroveia'' was closely related to ''Ctenosauriscus'', and together with a few other genera they make up Ctenosauriscidae. The ctenosauriscids were closely related to the poposaurids, as shown by a few shared derived characteristics. The pelvic girdle in ''Bromsgroveia'' unites this taxon with ''Ctenosauriscus'', ''Lotosaurus'', ''Arizonasaurus'', and ''Hypselorhachus''. Below is a phylogenetic cladogram simplified from Butler ''et al.'' in 2011 showing the cladistics of Archosauriformes, focusing mostly on Pseudosuchia Pseudosuchia, from Ancient Greek ψεύδος (''pseúdos)'', meaning "false", and σούχος (''soúkhos''), meaning "crocodile" is one of two major divisions of Archosauria, including liv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bromsgroveia And Mastodonsaurid Fossils
''Bromsgroveia'' is an extinct genus of predatory ctenosauriscid archosaur from the Middle Triassic Bromsgrove Sandstone of England. Ctenosauriscids were a group of rauisuchians that was related to the ancestors of modern crocodiles and alligators. Classification ''Bromsgroveia'' was closely related to ''Ctenosauriscus'', and together with a few other genera they make up Ctenosauriscidae. The ctenosauriscids were closely related to the poposaurids, as shown by a few shared derived characteristics. The pelvic girdle in ''Bromsgroveia'' unites this taxon with ''Ctenosauriscus'', ''Lotosaurus'', ''Arizonasaurus'', and ''Hypselorhachus''. Below is a phylogenetic cladogram simplified from Butler ''et al.'' in 2011 showing the cladistics of Archosauriformes, focusing mostly on Pseudosuchia Pseudosuchia, from Ancient Greek ψεύδος (''pseúdos)'', meaning "false", and σούχος (''soúkhos''), meaning "crocodile" is one of two major divisions of Archosauria, including livi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arizonasaurus
''Arizonasaurus'' (meaning "Arizona reptile") was a ctenosauriscid archosaur from the Middle Triassic (243 million years ago) Moenkopi Formation of what is now Arizona. The taxon is known for having a large back sail formed by elongated neural spines of its vertebrae. The type species, type and only known species is ''A. babbitti'', named in 1947. Discovery and naming The type species, ''Arizonasaurus babbitti'', was named by Samuel Paul Welles in 1947 on the basis of a few teeth and a maxilla, labelled as specimen UCMP 36232. A fairly complete skeleton was found in 2002 by Sterling Nesbitt. Description ''Arizonasaurus'' had a sail made of tall neural spines. This sail was similar to those of other basal archosaur Archosauria () or archosaurs () is a clade of diapsid sauropsid tetrapods, with birds and crocodilians being the only extant taxon, extant representatives. Although broadly classified as reptiles, which traditionally exclude birds, the cladistics ...s, such as other ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ctenosauriscidae
Ctenosauriscidae is an extinct family of pseudosuchian archosaurs within the clade Poposauroidea. Ctenosauriscids existed in Africa, Asia, Europe and North America during the Early Triassic to the Middle Triassic period (latest Olenekian to Anisian stages). All species had large "sails" on their backs. Ctenosauriscids are among some of the earliest archosaurs and represent the first global radiation of the group. Genera Phylogeny Ctenosauriscidae was named by Oskar Kuhn in 1964 to include the genus ''Ctenosauriscus''. It is a stem-based taxon defined by Richard J. Butler, Stephen L. Brusatte, Mike Reich, Sterling J. Nesbitt, Rainer R. Schoch and Jahn J. Hornung in 2011 as "the most inclusive clade containing ''Ctenosauriscus koeneni'' but not ''Poposaurus gracilis'', '' Effigia okeeffeae'', '' Postosuchus kirkpatricki'', ''Crocodylus niloticus'', '' Ornithosuchus longidens'', or '' Aetosaurus ferratus''". The cladogram A cladogram (from Greek language, Greek ''clados'' "br ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Poposauroidea
Poposauroidea is a clade of advanced Pseudosuchian, pseudosuchians. It includes poposaurids, Shuvosaurinae, shuvosaurids, ctenosauriscids, and other unusual pseudosuchians such as ''Qianosuchus'' and ''Lotosaurus''. It excludes most large predatory quadrupedal "Rauisuchia, rauisuchians" such as rauisuchids and "prestosuchids". Those reptiles are now allied with Crocodylomorpha, crocodylomorphs (crocodile ancestors) in a clade known as Loricata, which is the Sister group, sister taxon to the poposauroids in the clade Paracrocodylomorpha. Although it was first formally defined in 2007, the name "Poposauroidea" has been used for many years. The group has been referred to as Poposauridae by some authors, although this name is often used more narrowly to refer to the family that includes ''Poposaurus'' and its close relatives. It was phylogenetically defined in 2011 by Sterling Nesbitt as ''Poposaurus gracilis'' and all taxa more closely related to it than to ''Postosuchus kirkpatricki' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Poposaurus Gracilis
''Poposaurus'' is an extinct genus of pseudosuchian archosaur from the Late Triassic of the southwestern and eastern United States. It belongs to the clade Poposauroidea, an unusual group of Triassic pseudosuchians that includes sail-backed, beaked, and aquatic forms. Fossils have been found in Wyoming, Utah, Arizona, Texas, and Virginia. Except for the skull, most parts of the skeleton are known. The type species, ''P. gracilis'', was described and named by Maurice Goldsmith Mehl in 1915. A second species, ''P. langstoni'', was originally the type species of the genus ''Lythrosuchus''. Since it was first described, ''Poposaurus'' has been variously classified as a dinosaur, a phytosaur, and a " rauisuchian". Like theropod dinosaurs, ''Poposaurus'' was an obligate biped, meaning that it walked on two legs rather than four. However, as a pseudosuchian, it is more closely related to living crocodilians than to dinosaurs. ''Poposaurus'' is thought to have evolved this form of loco ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bromsgrove Sandstone
The Bromsgrove Sandstone is a geologic formation of the Sherwood Sandstone Group in England. It preserves fossils and ichnofossils of '' Chirotherium barthii'', and '' Chirotherium sickleri'', dating back to the Middle Triassic (Anisian) period. at .org Fossil content * '' Bromsgroveia walkeri'' * '' Bromsgroviscorpio willsi'' * ''[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rauisuchia
"Rauisuchia" is a paraphyletic group of mostly large and carnivorous Triassic archosaurs. Rauisuchians are a category of archosaurs within a larger group called Pseudosuchia, which encompasses all archosaurs more closely related to crocodilians than to birds and other dinosaurs. First named in the 1940s, Rauisuchia was a name exclusive to Triassic archosaurs which were generally large (often ), carnivorous, and quadrupedal with a pillar-erect hip posture, though exceptions exist for all of these traits. Rauisuchians, as a traditional Taxonomy, taxonomic group, were considered distinct from other Triassic archosaur groups such as early dinosaurs, phytosaurs (crocodile-like carnivores), aetosaurs (armored herbivores), and Crocodylomorpha, crocodylomorphs (lightly-built crocodilian ancestors). However, more recent studies on archosaur evolution have upended this idea based on phylogenetic analyses and cladistics, a modern approach to taxonomy based on clades (nested Monophyly, monop ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Poposauridae
Poposauridae is a family of large carnivorous archosaurs which lived alongside dinosaurs during the Late Triassic. They were around long. Poposaurids are known from fossil remains from North and South America. While originally believed to be theropod dinosaurs (they mirrored the theropods in a number of respects, such as features of the skull and bipedal locomotion), cladistic analysis has shown them to be more closely related to crocodiles. An early cladistic analysis of crocodylotarsan archosaurs included ''Poposaurus'', ''Postosuchus'', '' Teratosaurus'', and ''Bromsgroveia'' within Poposauridae.Parrish JM. 1993. Phylogeny of the Crocodylotarsi, with reference to archosaurian and crurotarsan monophyly. ''Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology'' 13: 287-308. However, later studies found '' Teratosaurus'' to be a rauisuchid.Long RA, Murry PA. 1995. Late Triassic (Carnian and Norian) tetrapods from the Southwestern United States. ''New Mexico Museum of Natural History & Science ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shuvosaurus
''Shuvosaurus'' (meaning "Shuvo [Chatterjee]'s lizard") is a genus of beaked, bipedal poposauroid pseudosuchian from the Late Triassic (early to middle Norian) of western Texas. Despite superficially resembling a Theropoda, theropod dinosaur, especially the ostrich-like ornithomimids, it is instead more closely related to living crocodilians than to dinosaurs. ''Shuvosaurus'' is known by the Type species, type and only species ''S. inexpectatus'', and is closely related to the very similar ''Effigia'' within the clade Shuvosauridae. ''Shuvosaurus'' was originally described from a restored skull and very few fragmentary postcranial bones as a probable ornithomimosaur, or at least a very ornithomimosaur-like early theropod. The true pseudosuchian affinities of ''Shuvosaurus'' were only recognised after the discovery of ''Effigia'' linked the skull of ''Shuvosaurus'' with similar poposauroid skeletal remains found in the same quarry. History of discovery Fossils of ''Shuvosaurus'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Middle Triassic
In the geologic timescale, the Middle Triassic is the second of three epoch (geology), epochs of the Triassic period (geology), period or the middle of three series (stratigraphy), series in which the Triassic system (stratigraphy), system is divided in chronostratigraphy. The Middle Triassic spans the time between annum, Ma and Ma (million years ago). It is preceded by the Early Triassic Epoch and followed by the Late Triassic Epoch. The Middle Triassic is divided into the Anisian and Ladinian age (geology), ages or stage (stratigraphy), stages. Formerly the middle series in the Triassic was also known as Muschelkalk. This name is now only used for a specific unit of stratum, rock strata with approximately Middle Triassic age, found in western Europe. Middle Triassic life Following the Permian–Triassic extinction event, the most devastating of all mass-extinctions, life recovered slowly. In the Middle Triassic, many groups of organisms reached higher diversity again, s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Effigia
''Effigia'' is an extinct genus of shuvosaurid known from the Late Triassic of New Mexico, south-western USA. With a bipedal stance, long neck, and a toothless beaked skull, ''Effigia'' and other shuvosaurids bore a resemblance to the ornithomimid dinosaurs of the Cretaceous Period. However, shuvosaurids were not dinosaurs, but were instead a specialized family of poposauroid pseudosuchians, meaning that their closest living relatives are crocodilians. Discovery The 2-meter (6 ft 7 in) holotype fossil was collected by Edwin H. Colbert in 1947. At this time Colbert led an excavation to collect blocks of rock from the Whitaker Quarry of Ghost Ranch, near Abiquiu, New Mexico. Colbert's expedition intended to recover abundant fossils of the basal theropod dinosaur ''Coelophysis'', and he believed that no other large vertebrates were present in the quarry. As a result, his crew did not even open the plaster jackets of most of the blocks that were shipped to the American Museum of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sillosuchus
''Sillosuchus'' is a genus of shuvosaurid poposauroid archosaur that lived in South America during the Late Triassic period. Shuvosaurids were an unusual family of reptiles belonging to the group Poposauroidea; although their closest modern relatives are crocodilians, they were bipedal and lightly armored, with dinosaur-like hip and skull structures. Based on skull remains from members of the family such as ''Effigia'', they were also toothless and likely beaked herbivores. Discovery and naming The holotype specimen of ''Sillosuchus'', PVSJ 85, is a partial skeleton discovered in sediments of the Ischigualasto Formation, Cancha de Bochas Member in the Ischigualasto-Villa Unión Basin in northwestern Argentina. The skeleton includes various vertebrae, ribs, and pelvic (hip) bones. A shoulder girdle, humerus (upper arm bone), and partial tibiae (inner shin bones) were also associated with the skeleton but not featured in the original description of the specimen. Possible additiona ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
