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Burning Of Convents In Spain
The following is a list of events in which convents in Spain were burned. * Burning of convents during the French invasion as planned or spontaneous actions of the Grande Armée, French army during the Peninsular War * Anti-clerical riots of 1835, Burning of convents in Spain (1835), during the First Carlist War and subsequent Spanish confiscation, ecclesiastical confiscations of Mendizábal. * Burning of convents in Spain (1902) * Burning of convents in Spain (1909), during the Tragic Week in Catalonia * Burning of convents in Spain (1931), a month after the establishment of the Second Spanish Republic * Burning of convents during the anticlerical violence of the Revolution of 1934 * Burning of convents in Spain (1936), in the months preceding the Spanish Civil War Despite these events, Spain still holds a large amount of architectural heritage, being the country with the third most UNESCO World Heritage Sites. See also * 1834 massacre of friars in Madrid * Spanish confiscation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Burning Of Convents During The French Invasion
Combustion, or burning, is a high-temperature exothermic redox chemical reaction between a fuel (the reductant) and an oxidant, usually atmospheric oxygen, that produces oxidized, often gaseous products, in a mixture termed as smoke. Combustion does not always result in fire, because a flame is only visible when substances undergoing combustion vaporize, but when it does, a flame is a characteristic indicator of the reaction. While the activation energy must be overcome to initiate combustion (e.g., using a lit match to light a fire), the heat from a flame may provide enough energy to make the reaction self-sustaining. Combustion is often a complicated sequence of elementary reaction, elementary Radical (chemistry), radical reactions. Solid fuels, such as wood and coal, first undergo endothermic pyrolysis to produce gaseous fuels whose combustion then supplies the heat required to produce more of them. Combustion is often hot enough that incandescence, incandescent light in t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spanish Civil War
The Spanish Civil War ( es, Guerra Civil Española)) or The Revolution ( es, La Revolución, link=no) among Nationalists, the Fourth Carlist War ( es, Cuarta Guerra Carlista, link=no) among Carlism, Carlists, and The Rebellion ( es, La Rebelión, link=no) or The Uprising ( es, La Sublevación, link=no) among Republicans. was a civil war in Spain fought from 1936 to 1939 between the Republican faction (Spanish Civil War), Republicans and the Nationalist faction (Spanish Civil War), Nationalists. Republicans were loyal to the left-leaning Popular Front (Spain), Popular Front government of the Second Spanish Republic, and consisted of various socialist, communist, separatist, anarchist, and Republicanism in Spain, republican parties, some of which had opposed the government in the pre-war period. The opposing Nationalists were an alliance of Falangism, Falangists, monarchists, conservatives, and Traditionalism (Spain), traditionalists led by a National Defense Junta, military junt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lists Of Former Buildings And Structures
A list is a set of discrete items of information collected and set forth in some format for utility, entertainment, or other purposes. A list may be memorialized in any number of ways, including existing only in the mind of the list-maker, but lists are frequently written down on paper, or maintained electronically. Lists are "most frequently a tool", and "one does not ''read'' but only ''uses'' a list: one looks up the relevant information in it, but usually does not need to deal with it as a whole".Lucie Doležalová,The Potential and Limitations of Studying Lists, in Lucie Doležalová, ed., ''The Charm of a List: From the Sumerians to Computerised Data Processing'' (2009). Purpose It has been observed that, with a few exceptions, "the scholarship on lists remains fragmented". David Wallechinsky, a co-author of ''The Book of Lists'', described the attraction of lists as being "because we live in an era of overstimulation, especially in terms of information, and lists help us ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Former Buildings And Structures In Spain
This list of missing landmarks in Spain includes remarkable buildings, castles, royal palaces, medieval towers, city gates and other noteworthy structures that no longer exist in Spain, or have been partially destroyed. It does not include walls of cities. City gates are included. There are hundreds of ruins of destroyed landmarks all over Spain, although there are many famous structures standing. Many of these destroyed monuments could be important examples of cultures passed, of that cities today. The following is an incomplete list. List (by city and then alphabetical order) Buildings Forts and batteries Fountains and memorials See also * Project of Filippo Juvarra for the Royal Palace of Madrid * Spanish confiscation * List of submerged places in Spain References {{Destroyed heritage Landmarks Landmarks Landmarks Landmarks A landmark is a recognizable natural or artificial feature used for navigation, a feature that stands out from its near environment and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Architecture In Spain
Spanish architecture refers to architecture in any area of what is now Spain, and by Spanish architects worldwide. The term includes buildings which were constructed within the current borders of Spain prior to its existence as a nation, when the land was called Iberia, Hispania, or was divided between several Christian and Muslim kingdoms. Spanish architecture demonstrates great historical and geographical diversity, depending on the historical period. It developed along similar lines as other architectural styles around the Mediterranean and from Central and Northern Europe, although some Spanish constructions are unique. A real development came with the arrival of the Romans, who left behind some of their most outstanding monuments in Hispania. The arrival of the Visigoths brought about a profound decline in building techniques which was paralleled in the rest of the former Roman Empire. The Muslim conquest in 711 CE led to a radical change and for the following eight cent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Church Arson
Church arson is the burning of, or attempting to burn, religious property. Around the world, arson is committed because empty churches are a soft target, or due to excommunication, racial hatred, pyromania, prejudice against certain religions or religious beliefs greed, as part of a sectarian campaign of communal violence, or as a means of anonymously registering dissent or anti-religious sentiment. In the United States, arson of black churches was common in the south around the 1960s during the civil rights struggles. Arson continued to proliferate, especially in the 1990s, damaging many black churches. As a result, Congress passed the Church Arson Prevention Act in 1996. In addition, President Bill Clinton formed the National Church Arson Task Force due to the sharp increase in church arson. The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms (ATF) was created as a division of the Treasury Department in 1972 to investigate arson (it is now a part of the Department of Justice). By count ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Missing Landmarks In Spain
This list of missing landmarks in Spain includes remarkable buildings, castles, royal palaces, medieval towers, city gates and other noteworthy structures that no longer exist in Spain, or have been partially destroyed. It does not include walls of cities. City gates are included. There are hundreds of ruins of destroyed landmarks all over Spain, although there are many famous structures standing. Many of these destroyed monuments could be important examples of cultures passed, of that cities today. The following is an incomplete list. List (by city and then alphabetical order) Buildings Forts and batteries Fountains and memorials See also * Project of Filippo Juvarra for the Royal Palace of Madrid * Spanish confiscation * List of submerged places in Spain References {{Destroyed heritage Landmarks Landmarks Landmarks Landmarks A landmark is a recognizable natural or artificial feature used for navigation, a feature that stands out from its near environment an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ensanche
means "widening" in Spanish. It is used to name the development areas of Spanish cities around the end of the 19th century, when the demographic explosion and the Industrial Revolution prompted the tearing down of the old city wall and the construction of neighborhoods under grid plans. Background The program of city extensions in Spain began simultaneously in 1860 with the plans for Barcelona by Ildefons Cerdà and Madrid by Carlos María de Castro, influenced by Haussmann's transformation of Paris from 1852 (and, in turn, have been said to have influenced Haussmann's later projects). Those extended cities beyond their traditional limits by demolishing city walls, transforming riverbanks and subdividing the – rural land outside the city walls. were generally based on principles articulated by Cerdà. These included reserving significant open space by requiring mid-block open space and whole block parks. The height of buildings was set by reference to the width of the a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1834 Massacre Of Friars In Madrid
The massacre of friars in Madrid in 1834 was an Anti-clericalism, anti-clerical riot that took place on July 17, 1834, in the capital of Spain during the Regency of Maria Cristina de Borbón, regency of Maria Cristina and the First Carlist War, first Carlist war (1833-1840) in which several convents in the center of Madrid were assaulted and 73 friars were killed and 11 were wounded, because of the rumor that spread through the city that the Cholera epidemics in Spain, cholera epidemic that had been ravaging the city since the end of June and that had worsened on July 15 had occurred because "''the water in the public fountains had been poisoned by the friars''". "The result of little more than twelve hours of violence" was a "party of blood and vengeance". "It was the first time that the Church had been subjected to the uncontrolled actions of its own believers. As contemporaries observed, these events demonstrated, above all, the loss of prestige of the religious in Catholic Spain ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World Heritage Sites
A World Heritage Site is a landmark or area with legal protection by an international convention administered by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). World Heritage Sites are designated by UNESCO for having cultural, historical, scientific or other form of significance. The sites are judged to contain "cultural and natural heritage around the world considered to be of outstanding value to humanity". To be selected, a World Heritage Site must be a somehow unique landmark which is geographically and historically identifiable and has special cultural or physical significance. For example, World Heritage Sites might be ancient ruins or historical structures, buildings, cities, deserts, forests, islands, lakes, monuments, mountains, or wilderness areas. A World Heritage Site may signify a remarkable accomplishment of humanity, and serve as evidence of our intellectual history on the planet, or it might be a place of great natural beauty. As ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
UNESCO
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) aimed at promoting world peace and security through international cooperation in education, arts, sciences and culture. It has 193 member states and 12 associate members, as well as partners in the non-governmental, intergovernmental and private sector. Headquartered at the World Heritage Centre in Paris, France, UNESCO has 53 regional field offices and 199 national commissions that facilitate its global mandate. UNESCO was founded in 1945 as the successor to the League of Nations's International Committee on Intellectual Cooperation.English summary). Its constitution establishes the agency's goals, governing structure, and operating framework. UNESCO's founding mission, which was shaped by the Second World War, is to advance peace, sustainable development and human rights by facilitating collaboration and dialogue among nations. It pursues this objec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Burning Of Convents In Spain (1936)
The following is a list of events in which convents in Spain were burned. * Burning of convents during the French invasion as planned or spontaneous actions of the French army during the Peninsular War * Burning of convents in Spain (1835), during the First Carlist War and subsequent ecclesiastical confiscations of Mendizábal. * Burning of convents in Spain (1902) * Burning of convents in Spain (1909), during the Tragic Week in Catalonia * Burning of convents in Spain (1931), a month after the establishment of the Second Spanish Republic * Burning of convents during the anticlerical violence of the Revolution of 1934 * Burning of convents in Spain (1936), in the months preceding the Spanish Civil War Despite these events, Spain still holds a large amount of architectural heritage, being the country with the third most UNESCO World Heritage Sites. See also * 1834 massacre of friars in Madrid * Spanish confiscation * Ensanche * List of missing landmarks in Spain * Church arson ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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