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Bulgarian Women's Union
The Bulgarian Women's Union (Bulgarian: ''Български женски съюз,'' 'Balgarski Zhenski Sayuz' \'b&l-gar-ski 'zhen-ski s&-'yuz\), was a women's rights organisation active in Bulgaria from 1901 to 1944. In 1901, the organisation was founded by Vela Blagoeva, Ekaterina Karavelova, Anna Karima, Kina Konova, Julia Malinova, and Zheni Pateva. The organization was an umbrella organization An umbrella organization is an association of (often related, industry-specific) institutions who work together formally to coordinate activities and/or pool resources. In business, political, and other environments, it provides resources and iden ... of the 27 local women's organisations that had been established in Bulgaria since 1878. It was founded as a reply to the limitations of women's education and access to university studies in the 1890s, with the goal to further women's intellectual development and participation, arranged national congresses and used ''Zhenski glas'' a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bulgarian National Women's Union
Bulgarian National Women's Union or Bulgarian People’s Women’s Union, was a state women's organization in Communist Bulgaria The People's Republic of Bulgaria (PRB; , NRB; ) was the official name of Bulgaria when it was a socialist state, socialist republic from 1946 to 1990, ruled by the Bulgarian Communist Party (BCP; ) together with its coalition partner, the Bul ..., founded in 1945. It was a state organization and a branch of the Communist Party.Marilyn Rueschemeyer: Women in the Politics of Postcommunist Eastern Europe' History The Bulgarian National Women's Union was founded after the Communist takeover in 1945, under the leadership of Tsola Dragoycheva (Chair in 1945-1950). It incorporated the other women's organizations in Bulgaria. Its purpose was to mobilise women in the political ideology of the state, as well as to enforce the party's policy within gender roles and women's rights. It played an important role in the life of women in the state during its e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1944 Disestablishments In Bulgaria
Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January * January 2 – WWII: ** Free France, Free French General Jean de Lattre de Tassigny is appointed to command First Army (France), French Army B, part of the Sixth United States Army Group in North Africa. ** Landing at Saidor: 13,000 US and Australian troops land on Papua New Guinea in an attempt to cut off a Japanese retreat. * January 8 – WWII: Philippine Commonwealth troops enter the province of Ilocos Sur in northern Luzon and attack Japanese forces. * January 11 ** United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt proposes a Second Bill of Rights for social and economic security, in his State of the Union address. ** The Nazi German administration expands Kraków-Płaszów concentration camp into the larger standalone ''Konzentrationslager Plaszow bei Krakau'' in occupied Poland. * January 12 – WWII: Winston Churchill and Charles de Gaulle begin a 2-day conference in Marrakech. * Janua ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Feminist Organizations In Bulgaria
Feminism is a range of socio-political movements and ideology, ideologies that aim to define and establish the political, economic, personal, and social gender equality, equality of the sexes. Feminism holds the position that modern societies are patriarchal—they prioritize the male point of view—and that women are treated unjustly in these societies. Efforts to change this include fighting against gender stereotypes and improving educational, professional, and interpersonal opportunities and outcomes for women. Originating in late 18th-century Europe, feminist movements have campaigned and continue to campaign for women's rights, including the right to Women's suffrage, vote, Nomination rules, run for public office, Right to work, work, earn gender pay gap, equal pay, Right to property, own property, Right to education, receive education, enter into contracts, have equal rights within marriage, and maternity leave. Feminists have also worked to ensure access to contr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Central European University Press
Central is an adjective usually referring to being in the center of some place or (mathematical) object. Central may also refer to: Directions and generalised locations * Central Africa, a region in the centre of Africa continent, also known as Middle Africa * Central America, a region in the centre of America continent * Central Asia, a region in the centre of Eurasian continent * Central Australia, a region of the Australian continent * Central Belt, an area in the centre of Scotland * Central Europe, a region of the European continent * Central London, the centre of London * Central Region (other) * Central United States, a region of the United States of America Specific locations Countries * Central African Republic, a country in Africa States and provinces * Blue Nile (state) or Central, a state in Sudan * Central Department, Paraguay * Central Province (Kenya) * Central Province (Papua New Guinea) * Central Province (Solomon Islands) * Central Province, Sr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
First-wave Feminism
First-wave feminism was a period of feminist activity and thought that occurred during the 19th and early 20th century throughout the Western world. It focused on De jure, legal issues, primarily on securing women's right to vote. The term is often used synonymously with the kind of feminism espoused by the liberal feminism, liberal women's rights movement with roots in the first wave, with organizations such as the International Alliance of Women and its affiliates. This feminist movement still focuses on equality from a mainly legal perspective. The term ''first-wave feminism'' itself was coined by journalist Martha Lear in a ''New York Times Magazine'' article in March 1968, "The second-wave feminism, Second Feminist Wave: What do these women want?" First- wave feminism is characterized as focusing on the fight for women's political power, as opposed to ''de facto'' unofficial inequalities. The first wave of feminism generally advocated for Equal opportunity#Formal equality of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bulgarian Union Of Progressive Women
The Bulgarian Union of Progressive Women was a feminist political organization, founded in Bulgaria in 1908. The union was founded by Bulgarian feminists including Anna Karima, Maria Dzhidrova, and Sanda Iovcheva. These women were originally founders of the Bulgarian Women’s Union, but their dissatisfaction with the union led them to create the Union of Progressive Women. The union was a progressive movement with the ultimate goal of Bulgarian women's suffrage. Background In 1878 Bulgaria was liberated from Ottoman rule and became an independent state with a constitutional monarchy. When this nation-state building began women’s rights and education emerged as an interest, as it had in Western Europe. This interest and discourse over women’s rights led to the formation of many different unions. However, it wasn’t until 1901 that a coalition of 27 different unions would become the Bulgarian Women’s Union. The Bulgarian Women’s Union quickly came under attack by workin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dimitrana Ivanova
Dimitrana Ivanova, née ''Petrova'' (, 1881–1960), was a Bulgarian educational reformer, suffragist and women's rights activist. She chaired the Bulgarian Women's Union from 1926 to 1944. She was a prominent figure in the early 20th-century movement for women's rights in Bulgaria. She campaigned for women's civil and political rights and was instrumental in advancing girls' education and women's involvement in public and professional spheres. As a journalist, she contributed to publications that advocated for women's rights and their empowerment in Bulgaria. Biography Dimitrana Ivanova née Petrova was born on 1 February 1881 in Ruse, Bulgaria. The daughter of a trader, she was educated in the local girls' school and high school for girls. During her time in Bulgaria, women were only allowed to listen into lectures at the University of Sofia from 1896, but could not be regular students there until 1901, and even then it remained difficult, as high schools for girls offere ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Umbrella Organization
An umbrella organization is an association of (often related, industry-specific) institutions who work together formally to coordinate activities and/or pool resources. In business, political, and other environments, it provides resources and identities to the smaller organizations. In this kind of arrangement, it is sometimes responsible, to some degree, for the groups under its care. Umbrella organizations are prominent in Cooperative, cooperatives and in civil society, and can engage in advocacy or collective bargaining on behalf of their members. Examples * AFL–CIO and other national trade union centers * DD172 * Department of Public Safety * European Armenian Federation for Justice and Democracy * European Music Council * European Welding Federation, European Federation for Welding, Joining and Cutting (EWF) * Federation of Poles in Great Britain * Federation of Student Islamic Societies * Independent Sector * National Retail Federation * National Wrestling Alliance * Op ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bulgaria
Bulgaria, officially the Republic of Bulgaria, is a country in Southeast Europe. It is situated on the eastern portion of the Balkans directly south of the Danube river and west of the Black Sea. Bulgaria is bordered by Greece and Turkey to the south, Serbia and North Macedonia to the west, and Romania to the north. It covers a territory of and is the tenth largest within the European Union and the List of European countries by area, sixteenth-largest country in Europe by area. Sofia is the nation's capital and List of cities and towns in Bulgaria, largest city; other major cities include Burgas, Plovdiv, and Varna, Bulgaria, Varna. One of the earliest societies in the lands of modern-day Bulgaria was the Karanovo culture (6,500 BC). In the 6th to 3rd century BC, the region was a battleground for ancient Thracians, Persians, Celts and Ancient Macedonians, Macedonians; stability came when the Roman Empire conquered the region in AD 45. After the Roman state splintered, trib ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zheni Pateva
Jeni Bojilova-Pateva, also transliterated as Zheni Bozhilova-Pateva, (; 1 December 1878 – 17 June 1955) was a Bulgarian teacher, writer, women's rights activist, and suffragist, who became involved in the pacifist movement. After graduating with teaching credentials in 1893, she began her profession, but was barred from teaching when a law was passed in 1898 that limited the rights of married women. She turned to activism and journalism, becoming involved in the international women's movement that year. A highly prominent feminist, she was one of the founders of the Bulgarian Women's Union in 1901. During 1905 in Burgas, she founded "Self-Awareness", a feminist group, and served as its chair for 25 years. As editor of the ''Women's Voice'' she published articles on developments in the women's movement in Bulgaria and abroad, as well as about issues affecting women. Throughout her career, she published over 500 articles and books. A believer in women's suffrage, Pateva participat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Julia Malinova
Julia Malinova, née ''Jakovlevna Scheider'' () (1869-1953), was a Bulgarian suffragist and women's rights activist. She was co-founder of the Bulgarian Women's Union, and served as its chairperson twice: in 1908-1910, and from 1912 to 1926. Life Malinova was born in 1869, a Russian Jew, educated in France and Switzerland before moving to Bulgaria upon her conversion and marriage to lawyer Alexander Malinov, later prime minister of Bulgaria. From 1899, she edited the paper ''Zhenski glas'' ("Female voice") with the teacher, socialist and writer Anna Karima, spouse of the socialist Yanko Sakazov, and in 1901, they co-founded the Bulgarian Women's Union with Karima as its first chairperson. The organization was an umbrella organization of the 27 local women's organisations that had been established in Bulgaria since 1878. It was founded as a reply to the limitations of women's education and access to university studies in the 1890s, with the goal to further women's intellectua ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
