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Buchwaldoboletus Lignicola
''Buchwaldoboletus lignicola'' is a species of bolete fungus in the family Boletaceae native to Europe and North America. Found on wood, it is actually parasitic on the fungus '' Phaeolus schweinitzii''. It has a convex yellow- to rusty brown cap, yellow to yellow-brown pores and stipe, and a brown spore print. Its edibility is unknown. Taxonomy and naming Originally described by Franz Joseph Kallenbach in 1929 as ''Boletus lignicola'', it was given its current name by mycologist Albert Pilát in 1969. He first placed it in the genus ''Pulveroboletus'' before erecting the new genus ''Buchwaldoboletus'' on account of its occurrence on wood (rather than in the ground), decurrent and arcuate pores, the yellow mycelium at the base of the stipe, the blueing flesh and lack of hyphal clamps. Other genera in which the species has been placed include ''Xerocomus'' by Rolf Singer in 1942, '' Gyrodon'' by Paul Heinemann in 1951, and '' Phlebopus'' by Meinhard Moser in 1955. The spec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fungus
A fungus (plural, : fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of Eukaryote, eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and Mold (fungus), molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as a Kingdom (biology), kingdom, separately from the other eukaryotic kingdoms, which by one traditional classification include Plantae, Animalia, Protozoa, and Chromista. A characteristic that places fungi in a different kingdom from plants, bacteria, and some protists is chitin in their cell walls. Fungi, like animals, are heterotrophs; they acquire their food by absorbing dissolved molecules, typically by secreting digestive enzymes into their environment. Fungi do not photosynthesize. Growth is their means of motility, mobility, except for spores (a few of which are flagellated), which may travel through the air or water. Fungi are the principal decomposers in ecological systems. These and other differences place fungi in a single gro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mycelium
Mycelium (plural mycelia) is a root-like structure of a fungus consisting of a mass of branching, thread-like hyphae. Fungal colonies composed of mycelium are found in and on soil and many other substrates. A typical single spore germinates into a monokaryotic mycelium, which cannot reproduce sexually; when two compatible monokaryotic mycelia join and form a dikaryotic mycelium, that mycelium may form fruiting bodies such as mushrooms. A mycelium may be minute, forming a colony that is too small to see, or may grow to span thousands of acres as in '' Armillaria''. Through the mycelium, a fungus absorbs nutrients from its environment. It does this in a two-stage process. First, the hyphae secrete enzymes onto or into the food source, which break down biological polymers into smaller units such as monomers. These monomers are then absorbed into the mycelium by facilitated diffusion and active transport. Mycelia are vital in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems for their role ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spore
In biology, a spore is a unit of sexual or asexual reproduction that may be adapted for dispersal and for survival, often for extended periods of time, in unfavourable conditions. Spores form part of the life cycles of many plants, algae, fungi and protozoa. Bacterial spores are not part of a sexual cycle, but are resistant structures used for survival under unfavourable conditions. Myxozoan spores release amoeboid infectious germs ("amoebulae") into their hosts for parasitic infection, but also reproduce within the hosts through the pairing of two nuclei within the plasmodium, which develops from the amoebula. In plants, spores are usually haploid and unicellular and are produced by meiosis in the sporangium of a diploid sporophyte. Under favourable conditions the spore can develop into a new organism using mitotic division, producing a multicellular gametophyte, which eventually goes on to produce gametes. Two gametes fuse to form a zygote which develops into ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edible Mushroom
Edible mushrooms are the fleshy and edible fruit bodies of several species of macrofungi (fungi which bear fruiting structures that are large enough to be seen with the naked eye). They can appear either below ground (hypogeous) or above ground (epigeous) where they may be picked by hand. Edibility may be defined by criteria that include absence of Mushroom poisoning, poisonous effects on humans and desirable taste and aroma. Edible mushrooms are consumed for their nutritional and culinary value. Mushrooms, especially dried shiitake, are sources of umami flavor. Edible mushrooms include many fungal species that are either mushroom hunting, harvested wild or fungiculture, cultivated. Easily cultivated and common wild mushrooms are often available in Market (place), markets, and those that are more difficult to obtain (such as the prized Tuber (genus), truffle, matsutake, and Morchella, morel) may be collected on a smaller scale by private gatherers. Some preparations may render ce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parasitism
Parasitism is a Symbiosis, close relationship between species, where one organism, the parasite, lives on or inside another organism, the Host (biology), host, causing it some harm, and is Adaptation, adapted structurally to this way of life. The entomologist E. O. Wilson has characterised parasites as "predators that eat prey in units of less than one". Parasites include single-celled protozoans such as the agents of malaria, sleeping sickness, and amoebic dysentery; animals such as hookworms, lice, mosquitoes, and vampire bats; fungi such as Armillaria mellea, honey fungus and the agents of ringworm; and plants such as mistletoe, dodder, and the Orobanchaceae, broomrapes. There are six major parasitic Behavioral ecology#Evolutionarily stable strategy, strategies of exploitation of animal hosts, namely parasitic castration, directly transmitted parasitism (by contact), wikt:trophic, trophicallytransmitted parasitism (by being eaten), Disease vector, vector-transmitted paras ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chalciporus
''Chalciporus'' is a genus of fungi in the family Boletaceae (suborder Boletineae). There are approximately 25 species in the genus. French mycologist Frédéric Bataille erected the genus in 1908, though it did not gain general acceptance for several decades and was often classified as a section (''Piperati'') of the genus '' Suillus'' or related to the genus ''Pulveroboletus''. The type species is '' Chalciporus piperatus''. Rolf Singer resurrected the genus in 1973, separating the species from the genus ''Suillus'' on the basis of distinct pigments. The name is derived from the Ancient Greek ''khalkos'' "copper", and translates as "copper pores". The genus ''Chalciporus'', together with the genus '' Buchwaldoboletus'' form a group of fungi that is an early offshoot in the Boletaceae. Many members of the group appear to be parasitic. Wu and Yang proposed that this clade be called the subfamily Chalciporoideae. The genus ''Rubinoboletus'' was merged into this genus based on th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Latin
Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium) around present-day Rome, but through the power of the Roman Republic it became the dominant language in the Italian region and subsequently throughout the Roman Empire. Even after the fall of Western Rome, Latin remained the common language of international communication, science, scholarship and academia in Europe until well into the 18th century, when other regional vernaculars (including its own descendants, the Romance languages) supplanted it in common academic and political usage, and it eventually became a dead language in the modern linguistic definition. Latin is a highly inflected language, with three distinct genders (masculine, feminine, and neuter), six or seven noun cases (nominative, accusative, genitive, dative, ablative, and vocative), five declensions, four ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Meinhard Moser
Meinhard Michael Moser (13 March 192430 September 2002) was an Austrian mycologist. His work principally concerned the taxonomy, chemistry, and toxicity of the gilled mushrooms (Agaricales), especially those of the genus '' Cortinarius'', and the ecology of ectomycorrhizal relationships. His contributions to the Kleine Kryptogamenflora von Mitteleuropa series of mycological guidebooks were well regarded and widely used. In particular, his 1953 ''Blätter- und Bauchpilze (Agaricales und Gastromycetes)'' 'The Gilled and Gasteroid Fungi (Agaricales and Gastromycetes)'' which became known as simply "Moser", saw several editions in both the original German and in translation. Other important works included a 1960 monograph on the genus ''Phlegmacium'' (now considered part of ''Cortinarius'') and a 1975 study of members of ''Cortinarius'', ''Dermocybe'', and ''Stephanopus'' in South America, co-authored with the mycologist Egon Horak. After showing interest in natural sciences in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phlebopus
''Phlebopus'' is a genus of fungi in the family Boletinellaceae (suborder Sclerodermatineae of the Boletales order). The genus has a widespread distribution in subtropical and pantropical regions, and contains 12 species. The species are saprobic, with some possibly able to form mycorrhizae with exotic trees in certain conditions. It contains the gigantic ''Phlebopus marginatus'', the cap of which can reach in diameter. Taxonomy The genus was originally described as a subgenus of ''Boletus'' by Roger Heim in 1936, and raised to generic status by Rolf Singer that year. It was later redescribed with another type species (''Phaeogyroporus braunii'') under the name ''Phaeogyroporus'' by Rolf Singer in 1944. This name was used until 1981, when a specimen of ''Phlebopus colossus'' was collected and mycologist Paul Heinemann designated it as the lectotype. The genus name is derived from the Greek Φλεβο- "vein" and πους "foot". Description ''Phlebopus'' is similar in appear ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paul Heinemann
Paul Heinemann (February 16, 1916 – June 18, 1996) was a Belgian botanist and mycologist. Heinemann specialized in African mycology. In his long career, he published 435 names, including 2 families, 6 genera, 346 species, and 40 varieties. His collections of dried specimens, numbering about 7000, are preserved in the herbaria of the University Faculty of Agricultural Sciences in Gembloux and of the National Botanic Garden of Belgium, in Meise. The fungal genus ''Heinemannomyces'' was named in his honor, as were the species '' Agaricus heinemannianus'', ''Marasmius heinemannianus'', and ''Peyritschiella heinemanniana ''Peyritschiella'' is a genus of fungi in the family Laboulbeniaceae. The genus contain 47 species. The genus name of ''Peyritschiella'' is in honour of Johann Joseph Peyritsch (1835–1889), who was an Austrian physician and botanist born in V� ...''. References External links ProfileNational Botanic Garden of Belgium {{DEFAULTSORT:Heinemann, Paul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gyrodon
''Gyrodon'' is a genus of pored mushroom bearing close affinity to the genus ''Paxillus''. Recent molecular research has confirmed this relationship of the two genera as sister taxa, together diverging as one of the most basal lineages in the Boletineae, and sister to the Boletaceae. ''Gyrodon'' was circumscribed by German botanist Wilhelm Opatowski in 1836. Species , Index Fungorum lists 13 species of ''Gyrodon''. See also *''Boletinellus merulioides ''Boletinellus merulioides'', commonly known as the ash-tree bolete, is a species of bolete fungus in the family Boletinellaceae . Described as new to science in 1832, it is found in Asia and eastern North America, where it grows on the ground n ...'' References Paxillaceae Boletales genera {{Boletales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xerocomus
''Xerocomus'' is a genus of poroid fungi related to '' Boletus''. Many mycologists did not originally recognize the distinction between the two genera and placed ''Xerocomus'' taxa in genus ''Boletus''. However, several molecular phylogenetic studies have demonstrated that ''Xerocomus'' is a heterogeneous genus of polyphyletic origin, which has resulted in further division of ''Xerocomus'' into ''Xerocomellus'' and ''Hemileccinum''. The members of the genus ''Xerocomellus'' are more closely related to ''Boletus'' than true ''Xerocomus'' is, which is relatively distantly related to ''Boletus'' and more closely related to '' Phylloporus''. Other former ''Xerocomus'' species have since been moved to '' Aureoboletus'', ''Imleria'', ''Hortiboletus'' and ''Rheubarbariboletus''. Ladurner and Simonini published a monograph on ''Xerocomus'' in 2003, but this predated the taxonomical revisions based on phylogenetic inferences. In 2008, Hills included 18 species found in Britain, not in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
