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Bolesław Of Cieszyn (died 1356)
Bolesław of Cieszyn (; – Prague, 23 July 1356), was a Polish prince, member of the Piast dynasty in the Cieszyn branch. He was the second son of Casimir I, Duke of Cieszyn, by his wife Euphemia, daughter of Duke Trojden I of Czersk-Warsaw. Life Like most of Casimir I's children, Bolesław was destined to the cleric since his early years, together with two of his sisters (Jolanta Helena and Elisabeth), and two of his brothers ( Jan and Siemowit). The main reason for why Casimir I put three of his five sons to follow a church career was to prevent further division of the already small Duchy of Cieszyn between them after his death. In addition, the Duke of Cieszyn, as a loyal vassal of the Bohemian Kings, hoped to obtain the help of them in obtaining high ecclesiastical dignities for his sons. In 1345 Bolesław was still a normal priest. Then King John of Bohemia began his efforts to obtain for him the canonry and prebendary of the Cathedrals of both Kraków and Wrocław. As ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Silesian Piasts
The Silesian Piasts were the elder of four lines of the Polish Piast dynasty beginning with Władysław II the Exile (1105–1159), eldest son of Duke Bolesław III Wrymouth, Bolesław III of Poland. By Bolesław's Testament of Bolesław III Krzywousty, testament, Władysław was granted Duchy of Silesia, Silesia as his hereditary province and also the Lesser Polish Seniorate Province at Kraków according to the principle of agnatic seniority. Early history The history of the Silesian Piasts began with the feudal fragmentation of Poland in 1138 following the death of the List of Polish monarchs, Polish duke Bolesław III Wrymouth. While the Silesian province and the Kraków seniorate were assigned to Władysław II the Exile, his three younger half-brothers Bolesław IV the Curly, Mieszko III the Old, and Henry of Sandomierz received Duchy of Masovia, Masovia, Duchy of Greater Poland, Greater Poland and Duchy of Sandomierz, Sandomierz, respectively, according to the Testament of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor
Charles IV (; ; ; 14 May 1316 – 29 November 1378''Karl IV''. In: (1960): ''Geschichte in Gestalten'' (''History in figures''), vol. 2: ''F–K''. 38, Frankfurt 1963, p. 294), also known as Charles of Luxembourg, born Wenceslaus (, ), was Holy Roman Emperor from 1355 until his death in 1378. He was elected King of Germany (King of the Romans) in 1346 and became King of Bohemia (as Charles I) that same year. He was a member of the House of Luxembourg from his father's side and the Bohemian House of Přemyslid from his mother's side; he emphasized the latter due to his lifelong affinity for the Bohemian side of his inheritance, and also because his direct ancestors in the Přemyslid line included two saints. He was the eldest son and heir of John of Bohemia, King of Bohemia and Count of Luxembourg, who died at the Battle of Crécy on 26 August 1346. His mother, Elizabeth of Bohemia (1292–1330), Elizabeth, Queen of Bohemia, was the sister of Wenceslaus III of Bohemia, W ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Viola, Duchess Of Opole
Viola, Duchess of Opole, also known as Veleslava (), ; (died 7 September 1251) was a Duchess consort of Opole-Racibórz through her marriage to Casimir I. Life Origins Viola's father's origins are disputed by historians. Chronicler Jan Długosz noted that she was originally from Bulgaria. A more popular hypothesis about Viola's parentage was given by Władysław Dziewulski, who stated that she could be the daughter of either Kaloyan of Bulgaria or his successor Boril, but this theory has been challenged by Wincenty Swoboda.W. Swoboda: ''Księżna kaliska Bułgarką? Przyczynek do rozbioru krytycznego Annalium Długosza''. n:''Studia i Materiały do Dziejów Wielkopolski i Pomorza.'' vol. 3. 1980, pp. 61–78. Jerzy Horwat put forward another hypothesis, under which Viola could have been a daughter of either King Béla III from his second marriage to Margaret of France or his son and successor, Emeric.J. Horwat: ''Książęta górnośląscy z dynastii Piastów: uwagi i uzu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Casimir I Of Opole
Casimir I of Opole (; – 13 May 1230), a member of the Silesian Piasts, Piast dynasty, was a Dukes of Silesia, Silesian duke of Duchy of Opole and Racibórz, Opole and Racibórz from 1211 until his death. Early life Casimir was the eldest child and only son of Duke Mieszko I Tanglefoot and his wife Ludmilla, probably a Duchy of Bohemia, Bohemian princess of the Přemyslid dynasty. In 1172/73 his father had divided the Duchy of Silesia, Silesian lands with his elder brother Bolesław I the Tall and his nephew Duke Jarosław, Duke of Opole, Jarosław of Opole, and went on to rule as Duchy of Racibórz, Duke of Racibórz in Upper Silesia. Little is known about the early years of Casimir's life, except for his own birth, which was the pretext for an agreement between his father and Casimir II the Just, who since 1177 ruled as List of Polish monarchs, High Duke of Poland having deposed his elder brother Mieszko III the Old. Casimir II aimed to break the long-time alliance of Mieszk ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Euphemia Of Kuyavia
Euphemia of Kuyavia (c. 1265 – 18 March 1308) was a Kuyavian princess and Queen consort of Galicia-Volhynia. She was the daughter of Casimir I of Kuyavia by his third wife Euphrosyne, daughter of Casimir I of Opole. Euphemia was sister of Władysław I the Elbow-high, the wife of Yuri I of Galicia, and the mother of Andrew of Galicia and Lev II of Galicia. The only preserved evidence of Euphemia's existence is from Jan Długosz's Yearbooks, which reported that Euphemia died on 18 March 1308. She was the daughter of Prince Casimir and the wife of Yuri I, who died in the same year on 21 April, which was also his birthday. Biography Birth Her parents' marriage was concluded in mid 1257, and her father died on 14 December 1267. Thus, Euphemia soon after the wedding. Literature puts her birth at around 1265. In the absence of sources of an accurate date of birth, it is not possible to determine when Euphemia was born. It is most likely that Euphemia was named after her aunt, E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yuri I Of Galicia
Yuri I of Galicia (, 24 April 1252 (1257/1262) – 18 March 1308/1315) was King of Ruthenia and Prince of Volhynia. Reign In 1264–1301, Yuri ruled as Prince of Belz. Initially a ruler of Kholm and Podlachia, after his father's death he united all lands of Galicia-Volhynia into one principality with its capital in Volodymyr. During his tenure Poland regained the Lublin region and Hungary seized a part of Transcarpathia. However, in general Yuri's reign was largely peaceful and his realm flourished economically. He maintained especially close relations with the princes of Kuyavia in Poland, marrying Euphemia, the sister of Władysław Łokietek. After the Metropolitan of Kyiv had moved his seat to Vladimir in the north, Yuri succeeded in securing the establishment of the Metropolis of Halych by Patriarch Athanasius I of Constantinople in 1303, which included the eparchies of Halych, Volodymyr, Peremyshl, Lutsk, Kholm and Turov. In 1308, Yuri promoted the nomination of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gaudemunda Of Lithuania
Gaudemunda Sophia of Lithuania (also Gaudimantė; – 1288 or 1313) was the daughter of Traidenis, Grand Duke of Lithuania (c. 1270–1282). In 1279, she married Duke of Masovia Bolesław II (c. 1254–1313) of the Piast dynasty. He was the son of Ziemowit I, Prince of Masovia, and Pereyaslava, daughter of Daniel of Galicia of the Rurik dynasty. Her husband united the Duchy of Masovia and then divided it between their sons, who were: * Siemowit II **Received the Duchy of Rawa * Trojden I (named after Gaudemunda's father, Traidenis, c. 1285 – 13 March 1341) **Received the Duchy of Czersk and Warsaw **Married his cousin Maria, daughter of George I of Halych **Great-grandfather of Cymburgis of Masovia Cymburgis of Masovia (; ; 1394 or 1397 – 28 September 1429), also spelled Zimburgis or Cimburga, was a Duchy of Masovia, Princess of Masovia of the Polish Piast dynasty and a List of Austrian consorts, Duchess of Austria from 1412 until 1424, by ... * Wenceslaus (from his ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bolesław II Of Masovia
Bolesław II of Masovia or Bolesław II of Płock (pl: ''Bolesław II mazowiecki (płocki)''; ca. 1253/58 – 20 April 1313), was a Polish prince, member of the House of Piast, Duke of Masovia during 1262-1275 jointly with his brother, after 1275 sole ruler over Płock, after 1294 ruler over all Masovia and Duke of Kraków and Sandomierz during 1288-1289.M. Spórna, P. Wierzbicki: ''Słownik władców Polski i pretendentów do tronu polskiego'', Kraków 2003, p. 85, 165, 282, 283 and 451. In 1310 he gave to his sons the districts of Warsaw and Czersk. Also High duke of Poland twice (1288, 1289). Life Early years He was younger son of Siemowit I of Masovia and Pereyaslava, a Rus' princess, who was according to some historians a daughter of Prince Daniel of Halych or according to others his distant relative. He was born around 1253-1258. Nothing is known from Bolesław II's first years, except that in 1262 he wasn't with his father and older brother Konrad II during the sieg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Euphemia Of Greater Poland
Euphemia of Greater Poland () (c. 1230 – 15 February after 1281), was a Polish princess member of the House of Piast from the Greater Poland branch and by marriage was Duchess of Kalisz, Wieluń and Opole-Racibórz. Euphemia was the youngest child of Władysław Odonic and his wife Jadwiga, disputed daughter of Mestwin I, Duke of Pomerania and Swinisław, daughter of Mieszko III the Old. Euphemia's date of birth is unknown. In literature it claims Euphemia was born around 1230. It is most likely she was born between (1226–1230), fitting in with the dates of birth of her siblings and dates of death of her parents. Marriage Euphemia and her siblings married well. Her brother Przemysł I of Greater Poland married Elisabeth, daughter of Henry II the Pious. Another brother Bolesław the Pious married Helen, daughter of Béla IV of Hungary. Euphemia's only sister, Salome of Greater Poland married Konrad I, Duke of Silesia-Glogau. Euphemia married in 1251 Władysław Opolski ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Władysław Opolski
Vladislaus I of Opole () ( – 27 August/13 September 1281/2) was a Duke of Kalisz during 1234–1244, Duke of Wieluń from 1234 to 1249 and Duke of Opole–Racibórz from 1246 until his death. He was the second son of Casimir I of Opole by his wife, Viola, a Bulgarian princess. Life At the time of his father's death in 1230, both Władysław and his older brother Mieszko II the Fat were still minors; because of this, they were placed under the care of their mother Viola and Henry I the Bearded, Duke of Wrocław. In 1234 Henry I the Bearded, wishing to take full control over Opole, moved the young dukes to Kalisz, but without denying their hereditary rights. Four years later, Mieszko II the Fat attained his majority, and Henry II the Pious (son and successor of Henry I the Bearded), was forced to give him government over Opole-Racibórz. Despite this, Władysław and his mother Viola remained in Kalisz, where she acted as regent on his behalf until 1241, when Władysław w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maria Of Galicia
Maria of Galicia (also Mary) (before 1293- 11 January 1341) was a princess of Galicia-Volhynia and a member of the Rurik Dynasty. She was sister to Leo II of Halych and Andrew of Halych, daughter of Yuri I of Galicia and his second wife, Euphemia of Kuyavia (d. 1308). She assisted her son king Boleslaus George II of Halych in ruling Galicia. In 1323 her brothers Andrew of Galicia and Volynia and Lev II of Lutsk were killed, and she and her niece, Eufemia, Heiress of Volynia-Lutsk, inherited the lands. Her grandfather, Leo of Halych, had been king of Galicia 1269-1301 and he moved his capital from Galich (Halicz) to the newly founded city of Lviv (Lwow, Lemberg). She lived (before -1293-1341) Her mother, Euphemia of Kuyavia, was the daughter of Casimir I of Kuyavia. Before 1310, she married Duke Trojden I of Masovia with whom she had four children: # Euphemia (1310-after 1373) married Casimir I, Duke of Cieszyn and had issue # Boleslaw-Yuri II of Galicia Yuri II Bolesl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trojden I, Duke Of Masovia
Trojden I (1284/86 – 13 March 1341) was a Polish prince, Duke of Czersk from 1310, ruler over Warsaw and Liw from 1313, and regent of Płock in the years 1336–1340. He was a member of the House of Piast. Trojden was the second son of Bolesław II of Płock and his first wife Gaudemantė (Sophia), the daughter of Grand Duke Traidenis of Lithuania. He was named after his maternal grandfather. Life In 1310, Trojden I received the district region of Czersk when his father was still alive. Following his father's death in 1313, he further received the districts of Warsaw and Liw in addition to his duchy, which made him ruler over all of eastern Masovia. This division didn't satisfy all members of his family and led to a brief war between the three brothers (Trojden, Siemowit II and Wenceslaus) in 1316. The exact details of this conflict are unknown except for a brief mention in an annually published manuscript called the ''Rocznik miechowski''. Initially, Trojden I main ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
