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Bibha Chowdhuri
Bibha Chowdhuri (3 July 1913 – 2 June 1991) was an Indian particle physicist known for her investigations into cosmic rays. Working with D M Bose, she utilized photographic nuclear emulsion to become the first to detect and identify mesons. The IAU named the star HD 86081 Bibha, after her. Early life Chowdhuri was born in Kolkata to a family of Zamindars. Her father, Banku Behari Chowdhuri, was a doctor. Her mother, Urmila Devi, practiced Brahmo Samaj, which held the belief that young women should be allowed to go to school. By marrying Urmila, Banku was converted to Brahmo and outcast from Hindu circles. Many of the Chowdhuri children (apart from the second daughter who died early on) went on to become highly educated. Chowdhuri was the middle child of her five siblings, with one brother. Her aunt, Nirmala Devi, was married to Sir Nilratan Sircar. Her sister, Roma Chowdhuri, went on to become a teacher at Brahmo Balika Shikshalaya. Education Bibha studied physics at ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Calcutta
Kolkata, also known as Calcutta (List of renamed places in India#West Bengal, its official name until 2001), is the capital and largest city of the Indian States and union territories of India, state of West Bengal. It lies on the eastern bank of the Hooghly River, west of the border with Bangladesh. It is the primary Financial centre, financial and Commercial area, commercial centre of Eastern India, eastern and Northeast India, northeastern India. Kolkata is the list of cities in India by population, seventh most populous city in India with an estimated city proper population of 4.5 million (0.45 crore) while its metropolitan region Kolkata Metropolitan Area is the List of million-plus agglomerations in India, third most populous metropolitan region of India with a metro population of over 15 million (1.5 crore). Kolkata is regarded by many sources as the cultural capital of India and a historically and culturally significant city in the historic Bengal, region of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Debendra Mohan Bose
Debendra Mohan Bose (D. M. Bose) (26 November 1885 – 2 June 1975) was an Indian physicist who made contributions in the field of cosmic rays, artificial radioactivity and neutron physics. He was the longest serving Director (1938–1967) of Bose Institute. Bose was the nephew of the famous physicist Jagadish Chandra Bose, who laid the foundations of modern science in India. Early life Debendra Mohan Bose was born in Calcutta (present day Kolkata) in a famous Brahmo family. He was the youngest son of Mohini Mohan Bose, one of the first Indians to proceed to USA to qualify himself in field of homeopathy. Ananda Mohan Bose was his paternal uncle, while Jagadish Chandra Bose was his maternal uncle. After his father's untimely death, Debendra's education was supervised by his uncle J. C. Bose. Debendra's plan of getting a degree in engineering from the Bengal Engineering College, Shibpur was cut short when he suffered a severe malaria attack. Nobel laureate Rabindranath Ta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brahmo Balika Shikshalaya
The Brahmo Balika Shikshalaya is a girls' school in Kolkata, West Bengal, India. It is guided by the principles of the Brahmo Samaj movement. It was established on 16 May 1890 by the Sadharan Brahmo Samaj on the 12th anniversary of its foundation. History The 1st Managing Committee appointed by the Sadharan Brahmo Samaj consisted of the following members:- Babu Madhusudhan Sen, Dwarakanath Gongopadhaya, Babu Upendrakishore Ray Chowdhury, Babu Adinath Chatterjee, Babu Umesh Chandra Dutta-Secretary, Miss LabanyaPrabha Bose –Assistant Secretary, Pandit Sivanath Sastri, Dr. M.M.Bose and Babu Umapada Rai. A boarding establishment was added from 1 October of the same year. It was the first Montessori School in West Bengal. It was the second school for girls in Calcutta. The first school for girls was founded by John Elliot Drinkwater Bethune. The first graduate Indian woman Kadambini Bose was a student of the school. See also * List of schools in Kolkata The following ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nilratan Sircar
Sir Nilratan Sircar (1 October 1861 – 18 May 1943) was an Indian medical doctor, educationist, philanthropist and swadeshi entrepreneur. He was awarded honorary DCL by University of Oxford and LL.D. by University of Edinburgh. He was a renowned figure in promoting Science and Technology education in contemporary India. Early life Son of Nandalal Sircar, a native of Jaynagar Majilpur, he was born in the house of his maternal uncle in Netra village of South 24 Parganas district, on 1 October 1861. His father came from an impoverished family in Jessore and later settled in Jaynagar. His mother Rebati Bani hailed from Pantihal village. However, as his mother often suffered from ill health, Sircar and his siblings spent much of their growing years with their maternal family in Netra village and subsequently moved there. His mother died in Pantihal while he was still a child from what was later believed to be cancer. Sircar was reported to have shared with grandchildren that it ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hinduism
Hinduism () is an Hypernymy and hyponymy, umbrella term for a range of Indian religions, Indian List of religions and spiritual traditions#Indian religions, religious and spiritual traditions (Sampradaya, ''sampradaya''s) that are unified by adherence to the concept of ''dharma'', a Ṛta, cosmic order maintained by its followers through rituals and righteous living, as expounded in the Vedas. The word ''Hindu'' is an exonym, and while Hinduism has been called the oldest religion in the world, it has also been described by the modern term ''Sanātana Dharma'' () emphasizing its eternal nature. ''Vaidika Dharma'' () and ''Arya dharma'' are historical endonyms for Hinduism. Hinduism entails diverse systems of thought, marked by a range of shared Glossary of Hinduism terms, concepts that discuss God in Hinduism, theology, Hindu mythology, mythology, among other topics in Hindu texts, textual sources. Hindu texts have been classified into Śruti () and Smṛti (). The major Hin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brahmo Samaj
Brahmo Samaj ( ) is the societal component of Brahmoism, which began as a monotheistic reformist movement during the Bengal Renaissance. It was one of the most influential religious movements in India and made a significant contribution to the making of modern India. It was started at Calcutta on 20 August 1828 by Raja Ram Mohan Roy and Dwarkanath Tagore as reformation of the prevailing customs of the time (specifically Kulin practices) and began the Bengal Renaissance of the 19th century pioneering all religious, social and educational advance of the Bengali community in the 19th century. Its Trust Deed was made in 1830 formalising its inception and it was duly and publicly inaugurated in January 1830 by the consecration of the first house of prayer, now known as the Adi Brahmo Samaj. From the ''Brahmo Samaj'' springs Brahmoism, the most recent of legally recognised religions in India and Bangladesh, reflecting its foundation on reformed spiritual Hinduism with vital ele ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zamindars Of Bengal
The Zamindars of Bengal were zamindars (hereditary landlords) of the Bengal region of the Indian subcontinent (now divided between Bangladesh and the Indian state of West Bengal). They governed an ancient system of land ownership. The Bengali zamindars managed a plantation economy in the Bengal Presidency which produced cotton, jute, indigo, rice, wheat, tea, spices and other commodities. Like the British landed gentry, they were bestowed with titles; their plantation economy has been studied by many scholars and can be compared with historic plantation complexes in the Southern United States. The land was cultivated by tenant farmers who paid rent to the zamindars. A big portion of the rent was in turn paid to the imperial government as taxes. The zamindars were the principal revenue collectors for the imperial administration under Mughal and British rule. The system was abolished by 1951. The British entrenched the precolonial zamindari system through the Permanent Settlement ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
NameExoWorlds
NameExoWorlds (also known as IAU NameExoWorlds) were various projects managed by the International Astronomical Union (I.A.U.) to encourage names to be submitted for astronomical objects, notably exoplanets. The accepted names would later be considered for official adoption by the organization. Projects The first such project (NameExoWorlds I), in 2015, regarded the naming of stars and exoplanets. 573,242 votes were submitted by members by the time the contest closed on October 31, 2015, and the names of 31 exoplanets and 14 stars were selected from these. Many of the names chosen were based on world history, mythology and literature. In June 2019, another such project (NameExoWorlds II), in celebration of the organization's hundredth anniversary, in a project officially called IAU100 NameExoWorlds, welcomed countries of the world to submit names for exoplanets and their host stars. A star with an exoplanet was assigned to each country, and members of the public submitted nam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HD 86081
HD 86081 is a yellow-hued star in the equatorial constellation of Sextans. It has the proper name Bibhā, the Bengali form of a Sanskrit word meaning a bright beam of light. The star is named after the physicist Bibha Chowdhuri (1913-1991), who studied cosmic rays. This name was suggested in the 2019 NameExoWorlds campaign. With an apparent visual magnitude of 8.73, this star is too dim to be viewed with the naked eye but can be seen with a small telescope. It is located at a distance of approximately 340 light years from the Sun based on parallax, and is drifting further away with a radial velocity of +31 km/s. Characteristics The stellar classification of this star is G1V, which indicates this is a G-type main-sequence star that, like the Sun, is generating energy through hydrogen fusion at its core. It is bigger and more massive than the Sun at 1.46 and 1.21 solar units respectively. The star is an estimated 3.6 billion years old and is spinning with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Astronomical Union
The International Astronomical Union (IAU; , UAI) is an international non-governmental organization (INGO) with the objective of advancing astronomy in all aspects, including promoting astronomical research, outreach, education, and development through global cooperation. It was founded on 28 July 1919 in Brussels, Belgium and is based in Paris, France. The IAU is composed of individual members, who include both professional astronomers and junior scientists, and national members, such as professional associations, national societies, or academic institutions. Individual members are organised into divisions, committees, and working groups centered on particular subdisciplines, subjects, or initiatives. the Union had 85 national members and 12,734 individual members, spanning 90 countries and territories. Among the key activities of the IAU is serving as a forum for scientific conferences. It sponsors nine annual symposia and holds a triannual General Assembly that sets policy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Meson
In particle physics, a meson () is a type of hadronic subatomic particle composed of an equal number of quarks and antiquarks, usually one of each, bound together by the strong interaction. Because mesons are composed of quark subparticles, they have a meaningful physical size, a diameter of roughly one femtometre (10 m), which is about 0.6 times the size of a proton or neutron. All mesons are unstable, with the longest-lived lasting for only a few tenths of a nanosecond. Heavier mesons decay to lighter mesons and ultimately to stable electrons, neutrinos and photons. Outside the nucleus, mesons appear in nature only as short-lived products of very high-energy collisions between particles made of quarks, such as cosmic rays (high-energy protons and neutrons) and baryonic matter. Mesons are routinely produced artificially in cyclotrons or other particle accelerators in the collisions of protons, antiprotons, or other particles. Higher-energy (more massive) mesons were ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kolar Gold Fields
Kolar Gold Fields (K.G.F.) is a mining region in K.G.F. taluk (township), Kolar district, Karnataka, India. It is headquartered in Robertsonpet, where employees of Bharat Gold Mines Limited (BGML) and BEML Limited (formerly Bharat Earth Movers Limited) and their families live. K.G.F. is about from Kolar, from Bengaluru, capital of Karnataka, India. Over a century, the town has been known for gold mining. The mine closed on 28 February 2001 due to a fall in gold prices, despite gold still being present there. One of India's first power-generation units was built in 1889 to support mining operations. The mine complex hosted some particle physics experiments between the 1960s and 1992. History The history of the Kolar Gold Fields was compiled by Fred Goodwill, superintendent of the Police, Maldives and Kolar Gold Fields. Goodwill's studies were published in the ''Quarterly Journal of the Mythic Society'' and elsewhere. Patrons of Jainism, the Western Ganga Dynasty founded ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
