Berlin Rocket Launching Site
Rocket Launch Site Berlin (''Raketenflugplatz Berlin'') was the launch site of the Space Club ('' Verein für Raumschiffahrt'') in Berlin-Reinickendorf at 52°33' N and 13°18' E directly adjacent to the current site of the Airport Berlin-Tegel in an area that is now Cité Pasteur. It was inaugurated in September 1930, using the site and the buildings of a disused French ammunitions depot which Rudolf Nebel managed to rent from the Prussian war ministry. The Space Club used the four-square-kilometer area to develop and test two models of liquid fuel rockets, '' Mirak'' and '' Repulsor''. Many of the rockets failed, but some reached altitudes of approximately 100 metres, and later, 4000 metres. On 30 September 1933, Rocket Launch Site Berlin closed under the pretext of an unpaid water bill. Subsequently, the Nazi-era military took over and classified the nascent research into rocket technology. According to Nebel, the tests of the rocket engines were audible as from as far away ...
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Verein Für Raumschiffahrt
''Verein'' is a German word, sometimes translated as ''union'', ''club'' or ''association'', and may refer to: * ''Eingetragener Verein'' (e. V.), a registered voluntary association under German law * Swiss Verein, a voluntary association under Swiss law, not necessarily registered See also * Association (other) * Verein für Socialpolitik, a society of economists in the German-speaking area * Voluntary association A voluntary group or union (also sometimes called a voluntary organization, common-interest association, association, or society) is a group of individuals who enter into an agreement, usually as volunteers, to form a body (or organization) to a ...

Berlin-Reinickendorf
Reinickendorf () is a locality () of Berlin in the borough () of Reinickendorf. It had a population of 83,972 in 2020. Geography The locality is situated in the south-western side of its district. It borders the localities of Tegel in the west, Wittenau and Borsigwalde in the north. To the east are Wilhelmsruh, Niederschönhausen and Pankow, all three in the Pankow borough, to the south Gesundbrunnen and Wedding, both in the borough of Mitte. History The name of the former Reinickendorf village can be traced back to a peasant ''Reinhardt'' (''Reineke'' in Low German), who settled here around 1230. The locality was first mentioned in a 1345 deed and acquired by the City of Berlin in 1397. The late 19th century saw a significant increase in population, when Reinickendorf received direct access to Berlin with the opening of the ''Nordbahn'' railway line to Neustrelitz in 1877. Reinickendorf was incorporated into the City of Berlin by the 1920 Greater Berlin Act. In 1928, architec ...
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Berlin Tegel Airport
Berlin Tegel "Otto Lilienthal" Airport (german: link=no, Flughafen Berlin-Tegel „Otto Lilienthal“) was the primary international airport of Berlin, the federal capital of Germany. The airport was named after aviation pioneer Otto Lilienthal and was the fourth busiest airport in Germany, with over 24 million passengers in 2019. In 2016, Tegel handled over 60% of all airline passenger traffic in Berlin. The airport served as a base for Eurowings, Ryanair as well as easyJet. It featured flights to several European metropolitan and leisure destinations as well as some intercontinental routes. It was situated in Tegel, a section of the northern borough of Reinickendorf, northwest of the city centre of Berlin. Tegel Airport was notable for its hexagonal main terminal building around an open square, which made walking distances as short as from the aircraft to the terminal exit. TXL saw its last flight on 8 November 2020 after all traffic had been transferred gradually to the ...
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Rudolf Nebel
Rudolf Nebel (21 March 1894 – 18 September 1978) was a spaceflight advocate active in Germany's amateur rocket group, the ''Verein für Raumschiffahrt'' (VfR – "Spaceflight Society") in the 1930s and in rebuilding German rocketry following World War II. Early life and involvement in World War I Nebel was born in Weißenburg. During the First World War he served in the ''Luftstreitkräfte'' as a fighter pilot with Jagdstaffel 5, pioneering the use of unguided air-launched signal rockets as offensive armament from a German fighter aircraft in the Luftstreitkräfte while flying the Halberstadt D.II in early 1916, even forcing down two British aircraft with the improvised rocket armament. Following the war, the former ''Leutnant'' Nebel earned a degree in engineering.Neufeld, M.J. ''Von Braun: Dreamer of Space, Engineer of War''. New York: Knopf, 2007. p 38. Activities in civilian rocketry and politics before the Second World War He was an early member of the German Society ...
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Mirak (rocket)
Mirak may refer to: *Mirak Bahadur Jalair, Mughal sardar of Sylhet *Mirak (Star Fleet Universe), a race of beings in ''Star Fleet Universe'' *Mirak, Armenia, a town in Armenia *Mirək, a village in Azerbaijan *Mirak, Iran, a village in Kurdistan Province, Iran *Mirak, Kermanshah, a village in Kermanshah Province, Iran *Epsilon Boötis, a star also called Mirak * Mirak (rocket), a rocket developed by the German Verein für Raumschiffahrt in the early 1930s See also * Miraka (other) Miraka may refer to: * Miraka Szászy, prominent Māori leader * Festim Miraka Festim Miraka (born 31 December 1987) is an Albanian professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for KF Burreli. Club career Luftëtari Gjirokastër On 12 Octob ...

Repulsor (rocket)
Iron Man's armor is a fictional, powered exoskeleton appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. It is built and worn by billionaire Iron Man#Fictional character biography, Tony Stark when he assumes the identity of the superhero Iron Man. The first armor, which was created in the story by Stark and Ho Yinsen, was designed by artists Don Heck and Jack Kirby, and first appeared in ''Tales of Suspense'' #39 (March 1963). In the fictional multiverse, the appearance of Stark's armor has radically changed over the years, either as a result of modifications made by Stark or specialized armors created for specific situations. In real life, it changed as different artists took over the series and decided to change it to what they wanted. Overview Stark's suits are each unique in design and purpose. They are made of incredibly strong, fictional materials bolstered by a Force field (science fiction), force field. Every suit has a self-contained environment, assorted onb ...
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Wehrmacht
The ''Wehrmacht'' (, ) were the unified armed forces of Nazi Germany from 1935 to 1945. It consisted of the ''Heer'' (army), the ''Kriegsmarine'' (navy) and the ''Luftwaffe'' (air force). The designation "''Wehrmacht''" replaced the previously used term and was the manifestation of the Nazi regime's efforts to rearm Germany to a greater extent than the Treaty of Versailles permitted. After the Nazi rise to power in 1933, one of Adolf Hitler's most overt and audacious moves was to establish the ''Wehrmacht'', a modern offensively-capable armed force, fulfilling the Nazi régime's long-term goals of regaining lost territory as well as gaining new territory and dominating its neighbours. This required the reinstatement of conscription and massive investment and defense spending on the arms industry. The ''Wehrmacht'' formed the heart of Germany's politico-military power. In the early part of the Second World War, the ''Wehrmacht'' employed combined arms tactics (close- ...
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Potsdamer Platz
Potsdamer Platz (, ''Potsdam Square'') is a public square and traffic intersection in the center of Berlin, Germany, lying about south of the Brandenburg Gate and the Reichstag ( German Parliament Building), and close to the southeast corner of the Tiergarten park. It is named after the city of Potsdam, some to the south west, and marks the point where the old road from Potsdam passed through the city wall of Berlin at the Potsdam Gate. After developing within the space of little over a century from an intersection of rural thoroughfares into the most bustling traffic intersection in Europe,Weitz, Eric D. ''Weimar Germany'', 2007, Princeton University Press, , page 43 it was totally destroyed during World War II and then left desolate during the Cold War era when the Berlin Wall bisected its former location. Since German reunification, Potsdamer Platz has been the site of major redevelopment projects. Historical background The history of Potsdamer Platz can be traced ...
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Buildings And Structures In Reinickendorf
A building, or edifice, is an enclosed structure with a roof and walls standing more or less permanently in one place, such as a house or factory (although there's also portable buildings). Buildings come in a variety of sizes, shapes, and functions, and have been adapted throughout history for a wide number of factors, from building materials available, to weather conditions, land prices, ground conditions, specific uses, prestige, and aesthetic reasons. To better understand the term ''building'' compare the list of nonbuilding structures. Buildings serve several societal needs – primarily as shelter from weather, security, living space, privacy, to store belongings, and to comfortably live and work. A building as a shelter represents a physical division of the human habitat (a place of comfort and safety) and the ''outside'' (a place that at times may be harsh and harmful). Ever since the first cave paintings, buildings have also become objects or canvasses of much artisti ...
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Research And Development In Nazi Germany
Research is "creative and systematic work undertaken to increase the stock of knowledge". It involves the collection, organization and analysis of evidence to increase understanding of a topic, characterized by a particular attentiveness to controlling sources of bias and error. These activities are characterized by accounting and controlling for biases. A research project may be an expansion on past work in the field. To test the validity of instruments, procedures, or experiments, research may replicate elements of prior projects or the project as a whole. The primary purposes of basic research (as opposed to applied research) are documentation, discovery, interpretation, and the research and development (R&D) of methods and systems for the advancement of human knowledge. Approaches to research depend on epistemologies, which vary considerably both within and between humanities and sciences. There are several forms of research: scientific, humanities, artistic, economic ...
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