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Berawan–Lower Baram Languages
The Berawan – Lower Baram languages are a group of half a dozen languages spoken in Borneo. Languages *Berawan Berawan is an Austronesian language of Sarawak Sarawak (; ) is a States and federal territories of Malaysia, state of Malaysia. The largest among the 13 states, with an area almost equal to that of Peninsular Malaysia, Sarawak is located i ... *Lower Baram: Belait, Kiput, Lelak, Narom, Tutong References {{austronesian-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Borneo
Borneo (; id, Kalimantan) is the List of islands by area, third-largest island in the world and the largest in Asia. At the geographic centre of Maritime Southeast Asia, in relation to major Indonesian islands, it is located north of Java Island, Java, west of Sulawesi, and east of Sumatra. The list of divided islands, island is politically divided among three countries: Malaysia and Brunei in the north, and Indonesia to the south. Approximately 73% of the island is Indonesian territory. In the north, the East Malaysian states of Sabah and Sarawak make up about 26% of the island. The population in Borneo is 23,053,723 (2020 national censuses). Additionally, the Malaysian federal territory of Labuan is situated on a small island just off the coast of Borneo. The sovereign state of Brunei, located on the north coast, comprises about 1% of Borneo's land area. A little more than half of the island is in the Northern Hemisphere, including Brunei and the Malaysian portion, while the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Malayo-Polynesian Languages
The Malayo-Polynesian languages are a subgroup of the Austronesian languages, with approximately 385.5 million speakers. The Malayo-Polynesian languages are spoken by the Austronesian peoples outside of Taiwan, in the island nations of Southeast Asia (Indonesian and Philippine Archipelago) and the Pacific Ocean, with a smaller number in continental Asia in the areas near the Malay Peninsula. Cambodia, Vietnam and the Chinese island Hainan serve as the northwest geographic outlier. Malagasy, spoken in the island of Madagascar off the eastern coast of Africa in the Indian Ocean, is the furthest western outlier. The languages spoken south-westward from central Micronesia until Easter Island are sometimes referred to as the Polynesian languages. Many languages of the Malayo-Polynesian family show the strong influence of Sanskrit and Arabic, as the western part of the region has been a stronghold of Hinduism, Buddhism, and, later, Islam. Two morphological characteristics of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
North Bornean Languages
The Greater North Borneo languages are a proposed subgroup of the Austronesian language family. The subgroup covers languages that are spoken throughout much of Borneo (excluding the southeastern area where the Greater Barito languages are spoken), as well as parts of Sumatra and Java, and Mainland Southeast Asia. The Greater North Borneo hypothesis was first proposed by Robert Blust (2010) and further elaborated by Alexander Smith (2017a, 2017b). The evidence presented for this proposal are solely lexical. The proposed subgroup covers some of the major languages in Southeast Asia, including Malay/Indonesian and related Malayic languages such as Minangkabau, Banjar and Iban; as well as Sundanese and Acehnese. In Borneo itself, the largest non-Malayic GNB language in terms of the number of speakers is Central Dusun, mainly spoken in Sabah. Since Greater North Borneo also includes the Malayic, Chamic, and Sundanese languages, it is incompatible with Alexander Adelaar's Ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
North Sarawakan Languages
The North Sarawakan languages are a group of Austronesian languages spoken in the northeastern part of the province of Sarawak, Borneo Borneo (; id, Kalimantan) is the List of islands by area, third-largest island in the world and the largest in Asia. At the geographic centre of Maritime Southeast Asia, in relation to major Indonesian islands, it is located north of Java Isl ..., and proposed in Blust (1991, 2010). ;North Sarawakan languages * Kenyah * Dayic languages (Apo Duat) * Berawan–Lower Baram *'' Bintulu'' ''Ethnologue'' 16 adds Punan Tubu as an additional branch, and notes that Bintulu might be closest to Baram. The Melanau–Kajang languages were removed in Blust 2010. The Northern Sarawak languages are well known for strange phonological histories. Classification Smith (2017)Smith, Alexander. 2017. ''The Languages of Borneo: A Comprehensive Classification''. PhD Dissertation: University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa. classifies the North Sarawakan languages as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Berawan Language
Berawan is an Austronesian language of Sarawak Sarawak (; ) is a state of Malaysia. The largest among the 13 states, with an area almost equal to that of Peninsular Malaysia, Sarawak is located in northwest Borneo Island, and is bordered by the Malaysian state of Sabah to the northeast, .... Dialects # Lakiput # Narom # Lelak # Dali # Miri long teran # Belait # Tutong Distribution Baram (Tutoh-Tinjar) # Batu Bela (Sungai Merah )(Lower Tutoh) # Long Terawan (Middle Tutoh) # Long Teru (Lower Tinjar) # Long Jegan (Middle Tinjar) # Long Teran # Long Tabing # Long Takong # Loagan Bunut National Park # Long Patan # Long Palo (Tutoh) # Long Kuk References External links * Kaipuleohone has an open access collection of materialsRB2-003 that includes notes on Berawan. {{authority control Languages of Brunei Berawan–Lower Baram languages Languages of Malaysia Endangered Austronesian languages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Belait Language
Belait, or Lemeting, is a Malayo-Polynesian language of Brunei and neighbouring Malaysia. It is spoken by the Belait people who mainly reside in the Bruneian Belait District. There were estimated to be 700 speakers in 1995. Classification Belait is related to the Miri, Kiput and Narum languages of Sarawak. It is considered part of the Lower Baram subgroup of North Sarawak languages. Dialects There are four mutually-intelligible dialects of Belait.Clynes, Adrian. 2005. 'Belait'. In Nikolaus P. Himmelmann & Alexander Adelaar (eds.) The Austronesian Languages of Asia and Madagascar. Abingdon: Routledge. These are spoken in two main regions: * In the villages of Kuala Balai and Labi * In the Kiudang subdistrict of Tutong Two distinct dialects of Belait – Metting and Bong – are spoken within the Mungkom village, Kiudang. There are very few speakers of any of the dialects. Phonology General references on Belait phonology include Martin (1990) on Metting Belait and Noor Al ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kiput Language
Kiput is a Malayo-Polynesian language spoken in northern Sarawak, Borneo, Malaysia. Phonology While the Northern Sarawakan languages in general are known for unusual phonological developments, Kiput stands out from the rest. Vowels Kiput has eight monophthongs , at least twelve diphthongs and two triphthongs . Consonants References Further reading * * * * External links * Kaipuleohone Kaipuleohone is a digital ethnographic archive that houses audio and visual files, photographs, as well as hundreds of textual material such as notes, dictionaries, and transcriptions relating to small and endangered languages. The archive is stored ... archive includes written materials on Kiput {{austronesian-lang-stub Languages of Malaysia Berawan–Lower Baram languages Endangered Austronesian languages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lelak Language
Lelak is an extinct language of Malaysian Borneo. The Lelak people now speak Berawan Berawan is an Austronesian language of Sarawak Sarawak (; ) is a States and federal territories of Malaysia, state of Malaysia. The largest among the 13 states, with an area almost equal to that of Peninsular Malaysia, Sarawak is located i .... References {{au-lang-stub Berawan–Lower Baram languages Languages of Malaysia Extinct languages of Asia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Narom Language
Narom language (sometimes spelled Narum) is a Malayo-Polynesian language of the Lower Baram branch. It is spoken by some 2,420Wurm, Stephen A. and Shiro Hattori (eds.) (1981). ''Language Atlas of the Pacific Area''. Australian Academy of the Humanities in collaboration with the Japan Academy, Canberra, Narom people in Sarawak, Malaysia, and particularly in the Miri Division and the area south of Baram River mouth, and maybe in Indonesia border areas with Malaysia. The language has three dialects, Bakong, Daliʼ and Miriʼ. References External links * Kaipuleohone has archived materials that includMiri kin termsanother written materials* Kaipuleohone Kaipuleohone is a digital ethnographic archive that houses audio and visual files, photographs, as well as hundreds of textual material such as notes, dictionaries, and transcriptions relating to small and endangered languages. The archive is stored ... has also archiveNarom audio recordingsand fieldnotes of basic linguistic f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tutong 2 Language
The Tutong language, also known as ''Basa Tutong'', is a language spoken by approximately 17,000 people in Brunei. It is the main language of the Tutong people, the majority ethnic group in the Tutong District of Brunei. Classification Tutong is an Austronesian language and belongs to the Rejang–Baram group of languages spoken in Brunei as well as Kalimantan, Indonesia, and Sarawak, Malaysia. Tutong is related to the Belait language and roughly 54% of the words come from a common root. Language use Today, many speakers of Tutong are shifting away from the traditional language and code-mix or code-shift with Brunei Malay, Standard Malay and English. The language has been given a vitality rating of 2.5 based on a scale of 0–6 that uses the measures of the rate of transmission to future generations, the level of official support, and the geographical concentration of speakers. This means it is considered endangered. Nonetheless, there is interest in revitalising the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
