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Belarusian Literature
Belarusian literature () is the writing produced, both prose and poetry, by speakers (not necessarily native speakers) of the Belarusian language. History Pre-17th century Belarusian literature was formed from the common basis of Kievan Rus' literary tradition, which also gave rise to Ukrainian literature and Russian literature. A separate literary tradition of Belarus became apparent only in the 14th–15th centuries, when together with Ukraine it developed the Ruthenian language, which would gradually diverge into northern (Belarusian) and southern (Ukrainian) varieties. The old Belarusian literature experienced its golden age in the 16th–17th centuries, when the Old Belarusian language was the official language of the Great Duchy of Lithuania. The Statutes of the Great Duchy of 1529, 1566 and 1588, as well as polemic religious literature were all published in Old Belarusian language. Since the early 16th century Belarusian literary works have been printed. The first print ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polish Literature
Polish literature is the literary tradition of Poland. Most Polish literature has been written in the Polish language, though other languages used in Poland over the centuries have also contributed to Polish literary traditions, including Latin, Yiddish, Lithuanian language, Lithuanian, Russian language, Russian, History of the Germans in Poland, German and Esperanto. According to Czesław Miłosz, for centuries Polish literature focused more on drama and poetic self-expression than on fiction (dominant in the English speaking world). The reasons were manifold but mostly rested on the historical circumstances of the nation. Polish writers typically have had a more profound range of choices to motivate them to write, including past cataclysms of extraordinary violence that swept Poland (as the crossroads of Europe), but also, Poland's collective incongruities demanding an adequate reaction from the writing communities of any given period.Czesław Miłosz ''The History of Polish Lit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Francišak Bahuševič
Francišak Bahuševič (; ; – ) was a Belarusian poet, writer and lawyer, considered to be one of the initiators of modern Belarusian literature. Origins Francišak Bahuševič was born in the folwark of Świrany, near Vilnius (now , Lithuania), into a family of minor nobility — Kazimir and Konstantsiya (née Hałaŭnia) Bahuševič. For a long time, it was believed that the folwark was rented by the poet’s father. However, Świrany belonged to the Hałaŭnia family, from which his mother, Konstantsiya, came. She had gone to her parents and grandparents before the birth of her son (the first son was Uładzisłaŭ-Anton, four years older than Francišak). Between 1841 and 1846, the family moved to the hereditary estate of Kušliany in the Ašmiany Uyezd, which had belonged to the Bahuševič family since the mid-18th century. According to a deed recorded in the Ašmiany town court books on March 13, 1749, the poet's ancestor, Anton Bahuševič, for 450 Polish z ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Realism (arts)
Realism in the arts is generally the attempt to Representation (arts), represent subject-matter truthfully, without artificiality, exaggeration, or speculative fiction, speculative or supernatural elements. The term is often used interchangeably with naturalism, although these terms are not necessarily synonymous. Naturalism, as an idea relating to visual representation in Western art, seeks to depict objects with the least possible amount of distortion and is tied to the development of linear perspective and illusionism in Renaissance Europe. Realism, while predicated upon naturalistic representation and a departure from the idealization of earlier academic art, often refers to a Realism (art movement), specific art historical movement that originated in France in the aftermath of the French Revolution of 1848. With artists like Gustave Courbet capitalizing on the mundane, ugly or sordid, realism was motivated by the renewed interest in the commoner and the rise of leftist polit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alaksandar Rypinski
Alexander () is a male name of Greek origin. The most prominent bearer of the name is Alexander the Great, the king of the Ancient Greek kingdom of Macedonia who created one of the largest empires in ancient history. Variants listed here are Aleksandar, Aleksander, Oleksandr, Oleksander, Aleksandr, and Alekzandr. Related names and diminutives include Iskandar, Alec, Alek, Alex, Alexsander, Alexandre, Aleks, Aleksa, Aleksandre, Alejandro, Alessandro, Alasdair, Sasha, Sandy, Sandro, Sikandar, Skander, Sander and Xander; feminine forms include Alexandra, Alexandria, and Sasha. Etymology The name ''Alexander'' originates from the (; 'defending men' or 'protector of men'). It is a compound of the verb (; 'to ward off, avert, defend') and the noun (, genitive: , ; meaning 'man'). The earliest attested form of the name, is the Mycenaean Greek feminine anthroponym , , (/Alexandra/), written in the Linear B syllabic script. Alaksandu, alternatively called ''Alakasandu'' or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vincent Dunin-Marcinkievič
Vintsent Dunin-Marcinkievič (; ; February 8, 1808 – December 21, 1884) was a Polish- Belarusian writer, poet, dramatist and social activist and is considered one of the founders of the modern Belarusian literary tradition and national school theatre.Дунін-Марцінкевіч Вінцэнт / Мысліцелі і асветнікі Беларусі: Энцыклапедычны даведнік. Менск: Беларуская Энцыклапедыя, 1995. Biography Vintsent Dunin-Marcinkievič was born in a Be ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jan Czeczot
Jan Czeczot of Ostoja (, ''Jan Čačot,'' , 1796–1847) was a Polish romantic poet and Belarusian folklorist and ethnographer. Fascinated by the folklore and the traditional folk songs of the former Grand Duchy of Lithuania, a confederal part of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, he recollected hundreds of them in his works. Inspired by them, he also wrote several poems in what could be considered a pre-modern Belarusian language. As such, he is often cited as one of the first Polish ethnographers and one of the predecessors of the Belarusian national revival. Biography Jan Czeczot was born on 24 June 1796 in a noble family that was part of the Clan of Ostoja family of Tadeusz Czeczot in Małuszyce ( Małušyčy, now in Hrodna Voblast) near Navahrudak. He graduated from a Dominican school in Navahrudak and then joined the Vilna Academy in 1816. There, he made friends with many of the predecessors of Polish romanticism, among them Adam Mickiewicz, who is said to supp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jan Barszczewski
Jan Barszczewski ( Belarusian: Ян Баршчэўскі, Jan Barščeŭski; 1797 – 12 March 1851) was a Polish and Belarusian writer, poet, ethnographer and editor. He wrote both in Belarusian and Polish languages. He is considered "one of the founders of modern Belarusian literature". Early years Barszczewski was born into the family of a Greek Catholic priest who was a minor nobleman. The place of his birth is usually stated as the village of Murahi (now in Rasony district of Vitsebsk region of Belarus), however some historians assert that Barszczewski was in fact born in the village of Niaviedra (now - Pustoshkinsky District of Pskovski Oblast in Russia).Арлоў, Уладзімер (2020). ІМЁНЫ СВАБОДЫ (Бібліятэка Свабоды. ХХІ стагодзьдзе.'' Uładzimir_Arłou.html" ;"title="'Uładzimir Arłou">'Uładzimir Arłou. The Names of Freedom (The Library of Freedom. ХХІ century.)''(PDF) (in Belarusian) (4-е выд., ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Michal Ciecierski
Michal (; ; ) was, according to the first Book of Samuel, a princess of the United Kingdom of Israel; the younger daughter of King Saul, she was the first wife of David (), who later became king, first of Judah, then of all Israel, making her queen consort of Israel. In the Bible identifies Saul's elder daughter as Merab and younger daughter as Michal. Michal's story is recorded in the first Book of Samuel, where it is said in and that Michal loved David. The narrative does not indicate whether this is reciprocated. After David's success in battle against the Philistine giant Goliath, Merab was given in marriage to Adriel. Later, after Merab had married Adriel the Meholathite, Saul invited David to marry Michal. David replied, "I am a poor and lightly esteemed man", meaning that he was unable to provide a bride price. Saul then advised him that no bride price was required except for the foreskins of 100 Philistines. David took part in a further battle, killed 200 Phi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kajetan Moraszewski
Cajetan and Kajetan is the Anglicized, Germanized and Slavicized form of the Italian given name Gaetano. People with this name include: * Thomas Cajetan (1469–1534), Italian Dominican theologian, cardinal, and opponent of Martin Luther * Saint Cajetan (Gaetano dei Conti di Thiene; 1480–1547), canonized saint * Constantino Cajetan (1560–1650), Italian Benedictine scholar * Cajetan Tschink (1763–1813), Austrian writer and philosopher * Cajetan von Textor (1782–1860), German surgeon * Baron Cajetan von Felder (1814–1894), Austrian lawyer, entomologist and liberal politician * Karl Kajetan von Gaisruck (1769–1846), Austrian archbishop * Kajetan Garbiński (1796–1847), Polish mathematician * Josef Kajetán Tyl (1808–1856), Czech dramatist and author of lyrics of the Czech anthem * Cajetan, pseudonym of the Austrian physician and illustrator Anton Elfinger (1821–1864) * Kajetan von Mérey (1861–1931), Austro-Hungarian diplomat * Kajetan Stefanowicz (1886–1920), Po ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russian Empire
The Russian Empire was an empire that spanned most of northern Eurasia from its establishment in November 1721 until the proclamation of the Russian Republic in September 1917. At its height in the late 19th century, it covered about , roughly one-sixth of the world's landmass, making it the list of largest empires, third-largest empire in history, behind only the British Empire, British and Mongol Empire, Mongol empires. It also Russian colonization of North America, colonized Alaska between 1799 and 1867. The empire's 1897 census, the only one it conducted, found a population of 125.6 million with considerable ethnic, linguistic, religious, and socioeconomic diversity. From the 10th to 17th centuries, the Russians had been ruled by a noble class known as the boyars, above whom was the tsar, an absolute monarch. The groundwork of the Russian Empire was laid by Ivan III (), who greatly expanded his domain, established a centralized Russian national state, and secured inde ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russian Language
Russian is an East Slavic languages, East Slavic language belonging to the Balto-Slavic languages, Balto-Slavic branch of the Indo-European languages, Indo-European language family. It is one of the four extant East Slavic languages, and is the native language of the Russians. It was the ''de facto'' and ''de jure'' De facto#National languages, official language of the former Soviet Union.1977 Soviet Constitution, Constitution and Fundamental Law of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, 1977: Section II, Chapter 6, Article 36 Russian has remained an official language of the Russia, Russian Federation, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan, and is still commonly used as a lingua franca in Ukraine, Moldova, the Caucasus, Central Asia, and to a lesser extent in the Baltic states and Russian language in Israel, Israel. Russian has over 253 million total speakers worldwide. It is the List of languages by number of speakers in Europe, most spoken native language in Eur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
