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Battle Of Al-Bab
The Battle of al-Bab was a battle for the city of al-Bab in the Aleppo Governorate that included a military offensive launched by Syrian rebel groups (including groups affiliated with the Free Syrian Army) and the Turkish Armed Forces north of al-Bab, a separate Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) offensive east and west of the city, and another Syrian Army offensive from the south of the city. The northern Turkish-led forces intended to capture al-Bab from the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL), as part of the Turkish military intervention in Syria (August 2016 – March 2017), Turkish military intervention in Syria. By the end of the battle, the Turkish-led forces had captured al-Bab, Qabasin, and Bizaah, while the Syrian Army captured Tadef and other areas further south, with the SDF making gains further to the east and the west. The battle was concurrent with the other anti-ISIL operations, including the Raqqa campaign (2016–2017), Raqqa campaign launched by the SDF, the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Operation Euphrates Shield
Operation Euphrates Shield () was an offensive by the Turkish Armed Forces and the Turkish-backed Free Syrian Army, which led to the Turkish occupation of northern Syria. Operations were carried out in the region between the Euphrates river to the east and the rebel-held area around Azaz to the west. The Turkish military and Turkey-aligned Syrian rebel groups, some of which used the Free Syrian Army label, fought against the forces of the Islamic State (IS) as well as against the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) from 24 August 2016. On 29 March 2017, the Turkish military officially announced that Operation Euphrates Shield was "successfully completed". The Turkish president Recep Tayyip ErdoÄŸan said on the first day of the operation that it was aimed against both the IS and People's Protection Units, Syrian Kurdish "terror groups that threaten our country in northern Syria". The objective to capture Manbij, under the ''de facto'' control of the AANES administration, that had been p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Syrian Army
The Syrian Army is the land force branch of the Syrian Armed Forces. Up until the fall of the Assad regime, the Syrian Arab Army existed as a land force branch of the Syrian Arab Armed Forces, which dominanted the military service of the four uniformed services, controlling the most senior posts in the armed forces, and had the greatest manpower, approximately 80 percent of the combined services.. The Syrian Army originated in local military forces formed by the French after World War I, after France obtained a mandate over the region. It officially came into being in 1945, before Syria obtained full independence the following year and 2 years after official independance. After 1946, it played a major role in Syria's governance, mounting six military coups: two in 1949, including the March 1949 Syrian coup d'état and the August 1949 coup by Colonel Sami al-Hinnawi, and one each in 1951, 1954, 1963, 1966, and 1970. It fought four wars with Israel (1948, the Six-Day War in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Fahim Issa
Fahim Issa (, ) is a Syrian military officer serving as the Assistant Minister of Defense for the Northern Region since April 2025. He was a prominent figure in the Syrian National Army and previously held several leadership positions within Syrian opposition forces. Early life and background Issa was born in the village of Tal al-Hawa, near the town of Al-Rai in northeastern Aleppo Governorate, an area with a predominantly Syrian Turkmen population. He himself is a Turkmen. He started his career as a cobbler in Aleppo city, before later getting involved in armed conflict. Syrian civil war With the outbreak of the Syrian uprising in 2011, Issa joined the armed opposition and played a central role in the establishment of the Sultan Murad Division, a faction primarily composed of Syrian Turkmen fighters. He commanded the division in various battles, including engagements against the Syrian Democratic Forces, the Assad regime, and the Islamic State (ISIL). He also participa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Second Army (Turkey)
The Second Army () of the Turkish Army has headquarters in Malatya. It protects Anatolia and it patrols the border with Syria, Iraq and Iran. Modern Turkish corps are referred to in TGS literature in Ottoman Turkish (1st) numerals. It is not clear when the change occurred. An arbitrary date of 1945 has been chosen as the point at which to start referring to corps in Ottoman Turkish numerals. History The former headquarters of the 2nd Army, which was transferred from Konya to Malatya in 1983, was in Konya. Formations Order of battle, August 30, 1922 On August 30, 1922, the Second Army was organized as follows: Second Army HG (Commander: Yakup Şevki Subaşı, Chief of Staff: Hüseyin Hüsnü Emir Erkilet) *III Corps (Turkey), III Corps (Şükrü Naili Gökberk) **61st Infantry Division (Salih Omurtak) **41st Infantry Division (Alâaddin Koval) **1st Infantry Division (Abdurrahman Nafiz Gürman) *VI Corps (Turkey), VI Corps (Kâzım İnanç) **17th Infantry Division (Nur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Ä°smail Metin Temel
İsmail Metin Temel (12 March 1958, Adana) is a Turkish Second Army Command former commander. He was the commander of Turkish forces in Syria from 2016 to 2018. Biography İsmail Metin Temel was born in 1958 in Adana. His family settled in Adana in the 1970s. He joined the Turkish Army in 1981. In 2012, Temel was appointed Commander of the 3rd Tactical Infantry Division/Yuksekova Hakkari. In 2016, General Temel, by now Commander of the Van Gendarmerie Public Security Corps, was appointed Commander of the Second Army. Military career Temel has commanded two campaigns. The first was Operation Euphrates Shield, in which he and Lt. Gen. Zekai Aksakallı began the Turkish occupation of northern Syria. His second campaign, the Turkish military operation in Afrin, came amid growing tensions between the Turkish and American governments over the latter's support of the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF). The SDF includes the People's Protection Units (YPG), which the Turkish governmen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Hürriyet Daily News
The ''Hürriyet Daily News'', formerly ''Hürriyet Daily News and Economic Review'' and ''Turkish Daily News'', is the oldest current English-language daily in Turkey, founded in 1961. The paper was bought by the Doğan Media Group in 2001 and has been under the media group's flagship ''Hürriyet'' from 2006; both papers were sold to Demirören Holding in 2018. Ideology ''Hürriyet Daily News'' has generally taken a secular and liberal or centre-left position on most political issues, in contrast to Turkey's other main English-language daily, the '' Daily Sabah'', which is closely aligned with the Justice and Development Party of Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Recep Tayyip Erdoğan (born 26 February 1954) is a Turkish politician who is the 12th and current president of Turkey since 2014. He previously served as the 25th prime minister of Turkey, prime minister from 2003 to 2014 as part of the Jus .... Another conservative competitor, the Gülen movement-run '' Today's Zam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Zekai Aksakallı
Lieutenant-General Zekai Aksakallı (born 25 December 1961) is a Turkish Special Forces Command (Turkey), Special Forces Command commander. He graduated from the Turkish Military Academy. He was commander of the Turkish forces inside Syria in 2016 following the coup d'état attempt. Biography Born in Erzurum, Zekai Aksakallı is the father of two children. At the age of 17 he attended Erzurum High School and he represented Turkey in the high school IAAF World Cross Country Championships, cross-country championship organized in Austria for a number of years and became 27th among 397 athletes. Gen. Aksakallı has been serving as commander of the Special Forces Command (Turkey), Special Forces Command since 2013. Aksakallı played a major role with his staff sergeant Sergeant Major, Sgt. Maj. Ömer Halisdemir in the prevention of the 2016 Turkish coup d'état attempt. As a result of his success, he was promoted to lieutenant general at the Supreme Military Council (Turkey), YAŞ mee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Syrian Resistance
The Syrian Resistance (), formerly known as the Popular Front for the Liberation of the Sanjak of Iskandarun (), is a Marxist-Leninist pro- Assad militia that operated in northwest Syria in support of the Ba'athist regime during the civil war. Background The movement is led by Mihrac Ural, a Turkish Alawite who has Syrian citizenship and is also known as "Ali Kayyali" (علي كيالي). According to ''Today's Zaman'', Ural was the leader of a clandestine insurgent cell in Hatay Province called the People's Liberation Party-Front of Turkey or ''Acilciler'' (The Urgentists). ''Zaman'' further alleged that Ural's group has sought to agitate Hatay's sizable Alawite population into confrontation with the Turkish authorities and has also recruited local Alawites to fight in Syria on behalf of the Syrian government. The group claims to also have supporters among Syria's Sunni Muslims and Christians. Though the group openly espouses a broadly-inclusive platform of Syrian natio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Syrian National Resistance
The Syrian National Resistance () was an officially independent political coalition active in Aleppo Governorate and allied with both the Syrian Ba'athist government as well as the Syrian Democratic Forces. It was primarily fighting against the Turkish military intervention in Syria, although it was also opposed to various Islamist groups such as the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant. The launch was announced on 6 September 2016 by Rezan Hedo, the head of the group’s political bureau. At that time Hedo was also an independent member of the Syrian Democratic Council. History The Syrian National Resistance was officially founded on 6 September 2016 in the SDF-controlled town of Tell Rifaat, and by 12 September, the SNR already claimed to have set up offices in Aleppo, Idlib, Homs, Latakia, and other Syrian cities. On the other side, the Kafr Saghir Martyrs Brigade (''Liwa Shuhada Kafr Saghir''), which would eventually become the basis for the SNR's armed wing, emerged ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Hezbollah
Hezbollah ( ; , , ) is a Lebanese Shia Islamist political party and paramilitary group. Hezbollah's paramilitary wing is the Jihad Council, and its political wing is the Loyalty to the Resistance Bloc party in the Lebanese Parliament. Its armed strength was assessed to be equivalent to that of a medium-sized army in 2016. Hezbollah was founded in 1982 by Lebanese clerics in response to the Israeli invasion of Lebanon. Inspired by the Iranian Revolution of 1979 and Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini's model of Islamic governance, Hezbollah established strong ties with Iran. The group was initially supported by 1,500 Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) instructors, who helped unify various Lebanese Shia factions under Hezbollah's leadership. Hezbollah's 1985 manifesto outlined its key objectives, which include expelling Western influence from the region, destroying Israel, pledging allegiance to Iran's supreme leader, and establishing an Islamic government influenced by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Syrian Armed Forces
The Syrian Armed Forces () are the military forces of Syria. Up until the fall of Bashar al-Assad's Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria Region, Ba'ath Party Ba'athist Syria, regime in December 2024, the Syrian Arab Armed Forces were the state armed forces. They consisted of the Syrian Army, Syrian Arab Army, Syrian Arab Air Force, Syrian Arab Navy, Syrian Air Defence Force, Syrian Arab Air Defence Force, and paramilitary forces, such as the National Defence Forces. According to the 2012 Constitution of Ba'athist Syria, the President of Syria was the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces. The Ministry of Defense (Syria), Minister of Defense held the position of Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Army and Armed Forces. After 1943, the Syrian Army played a major role in Syria's governance, mounting six military coups: two in 1949, including the March 1949 Syrian coup d'état and the August 1949 Syrian coup d'état, August 1949 coup by Colonel Sami al-Hinnawi, and one each in 195 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Ba'athist Syria
Ba'athist Syria, officially the Syrian Arab Republic (SAR), was the Syrian state between 1963 and 2024 under the One-party state, one-party rule of the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria Region, Syrian regional branch of the Ba'ath Party (Syrian-dominated faction), Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party. From 1971 until its collapse in 2024, it was ruled by the Assad family, and was therefore commonly referred to as the Assad regime. The regime emerged in 1963 as a result of 1963 Syrian coup d'état, a coup d'état led by Alawites, Alawite Ba'athism, Ba'athist military officers. Another 1966 Syrian coup d'état, coup in 1966 led to Salah Jadid becoming the country's de facto leader while Nureddin al-Atassi assumed the presidency. In 1970, Jadid and al-Atassi were overthrown by Hafez al-Assad in the Corrective Movement (Syria), Corrective Movement. The next year, Assad became president after winning 1971 Syrian presidential election, sham elections. After assuming power, Assad reorganised ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
