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Battle Of Valmaceda
The Battle of Valmaseda (or Balmaseda) took place on 5 November 1808, during Lieutenant-General Blake's retreat from superior French armies in northern Spain. Reinforced by veteran regular infantry from General La Romana's Division of the North (), Blake's force suddenly turned on its pursuers and ambushed Marshal Victor's errant vanguard under ''Général de division'' Villatte. Background Napoleon's invasion of Spain had started with the Battle of Zornoza, where Marshal François Lefebvre's failed to destroy the Spanish army, as Blake had shaken off the premature French assault and escaped with his army intact. Further mistakes were made in the French pursuit, namely when Victor carelessly allowed his Army Corps to spread out in its search for an enemy he regarded as beaten. Forces French Major-General Eugene-Casimir Villatte commanded the 3rd Division of Lefebvre's IV Corps. This oversized unit included three battalions each of the 27th Light, 63rd, 94th and 95th Lin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peninsular War
The Peninsular War (1808–1814) was fought in the Iberian Peninsula by Kingdom of Portugal, Portugal, Spain and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, United Kingdom against the invading and occupying forces of the First French Empire during the Napoleonic Wars. In Spain, it is considered to overlap with the Spanish War of Independence. The war can be said to have started when the First French Empire, French and History of Spain (1808–1874), Spanish armies Invasion of Portugal (1807), invaded and occupied Portugal in 1807 by transiting through Kingdom of Spain (1810-1873), Spain, but it escalated in 1808 after First French Empire, Napoleonic France occupied History of Spain (1808–1874), Spain, which had been its ally. Napoleon Bonaparte Abdications of Bayonne, forced the abdications of Ferdinand VII of Spain, Ferdinand VII and his father Charles IV of Spain, Charles IV and then installed his brother Joseph Bonaparte on the Spanish throne and promulgated the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Mansilla
In the Battle of Mansilla or Battle of Mansilla de las Mulas on 30 December 1808 an Imperial French corps led by Nicolas Soult caught up with a Spanish corps commanded by Pedro Caro, 3rd Marquis of la Romana. Soult's cavalry under Jean Baptiste Marie Franceschi-Delonne overran la Romana's rear guard led by General Martinengo. Mansilla de las Mulas is a town located southeast of León, Spain. The combat occurred during the Peninsular War, part of the Napoleonic Wars. La Romana's Spanish corps cooperated with Sir John Moore's British army in its advance into northern Spain and in its subsequent retreat to the northwest. At Mansilla de las Mulas on the Esla River, the Spanish commander posted Martinengo's division to hold off Soult's pursuing French corps. The rear guard commander unwisely drew up his soldiers with the bridge at their backs. Franceschi's cavalry charged and cut the Spanish formation to pieces. Half of the rear guard were trapped against the river and f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Francisco Javier Losada
Francisco Javier Losada y Pardo de Figueroa (1777–1847), 8th Count of Maceda, 6th Count of San Román, was a Spanish military commander. Early career Losada joined the Provincial Regiment of Santiago as a captain in 1797. Shortly after the start of the war against England in 1805, he was promoted to colonel of the Provincial Regiment of Compostela and was garrisoned at La Coruña until the outbreak of the Peninsular War.. Martín-Lanuza, Alberto"Francisco Javier Losada y Pardo de Figueroa".''Diccionario Biográfico electrónico'' (''DB~e'').] Real Academia de la Historia. Retrieved 20 July 2023. Peninsular War (1807–1814) In June 1808 the Junta de Galicia promoted him to brigadier and he was given command of the La Coruña Volunteers Regiment, which saw action Zornoza, Balmaseda y Espinosa de los Monteros, before withdrawing to León and Galicia. In 1809 he fought at Villafranca (18 March) and was given command of the 1st Division of the Army of the Left the following m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Army Of Galicia
The Army of Galicia (Spanish: ''Ejército de Galicia'') was a Spanish field army that took part in the Peninsular War against Napoleon’s French Grande Armée. Created by the Supreme Junta towards the end of June 1808 to hold the Spanish left wing along the Cantabrian mountains against Napoleon's forces, it had a paper force of 43,000 regulars. Command was first given to General Blake, and then, in November 1808, to General La Romana. Battle of Medina del Rio Seco Following the defeat of General Cuesta's small and inexperienced Army of Castile at the Battle of Cabezón, which had forced Cuesta to abandon his seat of command at Valladolid to General Lasalle and escape to Benavente, Blake was ordered to combine the troops of his newly formed army with what was left of Cuesta's forces. Blake had initially turned down a request to do so as the troops were still undergoing training and far short of their full numbers. Setting off with 27,000 foot soldiers and 150 cavalrymen, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Army Corps
Corps (; plural ''corps'' ; from French , from the Latin "body") is a term used for several different kinds of organization. A military innovation by Napoleon I, the formation was formally introduced March 1, 1800, when Napoleon ordered General Jean Victor Marie Moreau to divide his command into four corps. The size of a corps varies greatly, but two to five divisions and anywhere from 40,000 to 80,000 are the numbers stated by the US Department of Defense. Within military terminology a corps may be: *an operational formation, sometimes known as a field corps, which consists of two or more divisions, such as the , later known as ("First Corps") of Napoleon I's ); *an administrative corps (or mustering) – that is a specialized branch of a military service (such as an artillery corps, an armoured corps, a signal corps, a medical corps, a marine corps, or a corps of military police) or; *in some cases, a distinct service within a national military (such as the United S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
François Joseph Lefebvre
François Joseph Lefebvre, Duke of Danzig ( , ; 25 October 1755 – 14 September 1820) was a French military commander of the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars, and one of the original eighteen Marshals of the Empire created by Napoleon. Early life Lefebvre was born on 28 May 1755 in Rouffach, Alsace, the son of a miller and retired hussar. Orphaned at a young age, he was raised by an uncle who, himself a priest, unsuccessfully tried to lead him to a career in the church. After working as a clerk to the prosecutor of Colmar, Lefebvre enlisted in the French Guards in 1773. As a commoner, Lefebvre had little prospect for advancement; he was promoted to corporal in 1777 and to sergeant in 1788. In 1783 he married Cathérine Hübscher, with whom he had 14 children, although all predeceased him. According to Louise Fusil his last son, a general, died in Vilna on 19 December 1812. Lefebvre was in Paris at the time of the Storming of the Bastille in 1789 and, like h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Divisional General
Divisional general is a general officer rank who commands an army division. The rank originates from the French Revolutionary System, and is used by a number of countries. The rank is above a brigade general, and normally below an army corps general. The rank is mostly used in countries where it is used as a modern alternative to a previous older rank of major-general or lieutenant-general. Specific countries Brazil The Brazilian rank ''general-de-divisão'' translates literally as "general of division", and is used by the army. This rank is equivalent to lieutenant-general. The air force equivalent is ''major-brigadeiro''(literally "major-brigadier"). The navy equivalent is ''vice-almirante'' (literally, vice-admiral) Chile The Chilean rank ''general de división'' translates literally as "general of division", and is used by the army. This rank is equivalent to lieutenant-general. The air force equivalent is ''general de aviación'' (literally "aviation general"). These ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vanguard
The vanguard (sometimes abbreviated to van and also called the advance guard) is the leading part of an advancing military formation. It has a number of functions, including seeking out the enemy and securing ground in advance of the main force. In naval warfare the van is the advance ship, or fleet, that will make the initial engagement with an enemy Naval fleet, fleet. History The vanguard derives from the traditional division of a medieval army into three Battle (formation), battles or ''wards''; the Van, the Main (or Middle), and the Rearguard, Rear. The term originated from the medieval French ''avant-garde'', i.e. "the advance guard". The vanguard would lead the line of march and would deploy first on the field of battle, either in front of the other wards or to the right if they deployed in Line (formation), line. The makeup of the vanguard of a 15th century Duchy of Burgundy, Burgundian army is a typical example. This consisted of: *A contingent of Light cavalry, forer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Claude Victor-Perrin, Duc De Belluno
Claude-Victor Perrin, Duke of Belluno (; 7 December 1764 – 1 March 1841) was a French military commander who served during the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars. He was made a Marshal of the Empire in 1807 by Emperor Napoleon I. Early life Victor was born in Lamarche on 7 December 1764 to Charles Perrin and Marie Anne Floriot. In 1781, he enlisted in an artillery regiment in Grenoble as a drummer, and after ten years' service he applied for and received his discharge. In Valence, on 16 May 1791 he married Jeanne Josephine Muguet, by whom he had issue which was extinct in the male line by 1917. French Revolutionary Wars War of the First Coalition In February 1792, Victor joined his hometown's National Guard as a grenadier. He then enlisted in the 1st Drôme Battalion, and later passed to the 5th Bouches-du-Rhône Battalion. In September 1792 he was made chief of battalion and deployed with the Army of Italy, distinguishing himself at the Battle of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Division Of The North
The Division of the North () was a Spanish division, made up of fourteen battalions of infantry and five regiments of cavalry, "all completed to war strength", Oman, Charles (1902)''A History of the Peninsular War'', Vol. I, pp. 367, 374–375.''Project Gutenberg''. Accessed 1 April 2025. that existed between 1807 and 1808. Spain was, at that time, an ally of France and the division, composed of 15,000 men under the command of Pedro Caro, 3rd Marquis of la Romana, Gates (1986), p. 479. was initially deployed, between 1807 and 1808, to perform garrison duties in Hamburg under Marshal Bernadotte. In March 1808, along with a Franco-Belgian unit of approximately the same size, the unit was deployed to Denmark, with the two-fold objective of protecting that country, also an ally of Napoleon, and preparing for an invasion of Sweden. After Caro y Sureda learned about the outbreak of the Peninsular War, he decided to have the British transport the division back to Spain. The majori ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pedro Caro Y Sureda, 3rd Marqués De La Romana
Pedro Caro Sureda, 3rd Marquis of La Romana (2 October 1761 – 23 January 1811) was a Spanish Army officer and nobleman who served in the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars. His two younger brothers, José Caro Sureda,. Martín-Lanuza, Alberto"José Caro Sureda".Real Academia de la Historia. Retrieved 4 August 2023. and Juan Caro Sureda. Isabel Sánchez, José Luis"Juan Caro Sureda". ''Diccionario Biográfico electrónico'' (''DB~e'').Real Academia de la Historia. Retrieved 4 August 2023. also served in the Spanish army during the Peninsular War. Biography Early career Born at Palma de Mallorca to a family of Balearic nobility, La Romana was educated in Lyon, France. His education was classical; he read Greek and Latin, as well as speaking French and English. He entered the Seminario de Nobles in Madrid and later studied at the University of Salamanca.. Casinello Pérez, Andrés"Pedro Caro Sureda". ''Diccionario Biográfico electrónico'' (''DB~e'').Real Academia de l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joaquín Blake Y Joyes
Joaquín or Joaquin is a male given name, the Spanish version of Joachim. Given name * Joaquín (footballer, born 1956) (Joaquín Alonso González), Spanish football midfielder * Joaquín (footballer, born 1981) (Joaquín Sánchez Rodríguez), Spanish football winger * Joaquín (footballer, born 1982) (Joaquín Rodríguez Espinar), Spanish football forward * Joaquín Almunia, Spanish politician * Joaquín Andújar, professional baseball player in the Houston Astros organization * Joaquín Arias, professional baseball player in the San Francisco Giants organization * Joaquín Balaguer, President of the Dominican Republic * Joaquín Barañao (born 1982), Chilean writer and podcaster * Joaquín Belgrano, Argentine patriot * Joaquín Benoit, professional baseball player for the San Diego Padres * Joaquin Castro, American politician from San Antonio, Texas * Joaquín Correa, Argentine football forward * Joaquín Cortés, Spanish flamenco dancer * Joaquín De Luz, Spanish N ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
