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Battle Of San Francisco
The Battle of San Francisco, also known as the Battle of Dolores, was a major battle in the Tarapacá Campaign of the War of the Pacific, fought on November 19, 1879, in the Peruvian department of Tarapacá. A Chilean army under Colonel Emilio Sotomayor had moved via Dolores rail road deep into the desert and was encamped at San Francisco Saltpeter Office, about 30 kilometers south east of the port of Pisagua. Allied forces under General Juan Buendía launched an attack on Sotomayor's army. At the beginning, Bolivian General Carlos de Villegas pressed the attack over a poorly defended battery right in the Chilean centre and almost succeeded. Only the arrival of infantry support allowed Colonel José Domingo Amunátegui to hold the position. The Allies also struck with the intention of driving the Chilean defenders away from Dolores well. Buendía hoped to defeat Sotomayor's army before the anticipated arrival of Gen. Erasmo Escala with reinforcements from Hospicio. The all ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
War Of The Pacific
The War of the Pacific (), also known by War of the Pacific#Etymology, multiple other names, was a war between Chile and a Treaty of Defensive Alliance (Bolivia–Peru), Bolivian–Peruvian alliance from 1879 to 1884. Fought over Atacama Desert border dispute, Chilean claims on Litoral Department, coastal Bolivian territory in the Atacama Desert, the war ended with victory for Chile, which gained a significant amount of resource-rich territory from Peru and Bolivia. The direct cause of the war was a nitrate taxation dispute between Bolivia and Chile, with Peru being drawn in due to its secret alliance with Bolivia. Some historians have pointed to deeper origins of the war, such as the interest of Chile and Peru in the nitrate business, a long-standing rivalry between Chile and Peru for regional hegemony, as well as the political and economical disparities between the stability of Chile and the volatility of Peru and Bolivia. In February 1878, Bolivia increased taxes on the Chile ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Atacama Desert
The Atacama Desert () is a desert plateau located on the Pacific Ocean, Pacific coast of South America, in the north of Chile. Stretching over a strip of land west of the Andes Mountains, it covers an area of , which increases to if the barren lower slopes of the Andes are included. The Atacama Desert is the driest nonpolar desert in the world, and the second driest overall, behind some specific spots within the McMurdo Dry Valleys. It is the only Desert climate, true desert to receive less precipitation than polar deserts, and the largest fog desert in the world. The area has been used as an experimentation site for Mars expedition simulations due to its similarities to the Martian environment. The constant Inversion (meteorology), temperature inversion caused by the cool north-flowing Humboldt Current, Humboldt ocean current and the strong South Pacific High, Pacific anticyclone contribute to the extreme aridity of the desert. The most arid region of the Atacama Desert is s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1879 In Bolivia
Events from the year 1879 in Bolivia. Incumbents *President: Hilarión Daza Events *February 14 - The War of the Pacific begins when 500 Chilean soldiers arrive by ship and occupied the port city of Antofagasta without a fight, in response to the National Congress of Bolivia's attempt to seize and auction the assets of the Antofagasta Nitrate & Railway Company. Luis Ortega. Santiago de Chile. 1984. (Page 18. File AGA. Valparaiso to Londres. Private N 25. March 6, 1878) *March 23 - |
1879 In Chile
Events in the year 1879 in Chile. Incumbents *President: Aníbal Pinto Events *March 23 – Battle of Topáter *April 12 – Battle of Chipana *May 21 – Battle of Iquique and Battle of Punta Gruesa *October 8 – Battle of Angamos *November 2 – Battle of Pisagua *November 23 – Battle of San Francisco *November 27 – Battle of Tarapacá Births *6 February – Pedro Aguirre Cerda, thirtieth president of Chile (d. 1941) *12 February – Juan Esteban Montero, politician (d. 1948) *1 July – Ignacio Urrutia Manzano, politician (d. 1951) Deaths *May 21 – Arturo Prat, lawyer and navy officer (b. 1848) See also *War of the Pacific References {{South America topic, 1879 in Years of the 19th century in Chile Chile Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a country in western South America. It is the southernmost country in the world and the closest to Antarctica, stretching along a narrow strip of land between the Andes, Andes Mountains and the Paci .. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battles Of The War Of The Pacific
A battle is an occurrence of combat in warfare between opposing military units of any number or size. A war usually consists of multiple battles. In general, a battle is a military engagement that is well defined in duration, area, and force commitment. An engagement with only limited commitment between the forces and without decisive results is sometimes called a skirmish. The word "battle" can also be used infrequently to refer to an entire operational campaign, although this usage greatly diverges from its conventional or customary meaning. Generally, the word "battle" is used for such campaigns if referring to a protracted combat encounter in which either one or both of the combatants had the same methods, resources, and strategic objectives throughout the encounter. Some prominent examples of this would be the Battle of the Atlantic, Battle of Britain, and the Battle of France, all in World War II. Wars and military campaigns are guided by military strategy, whereas batt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battles Involving Chile
A battle is an occurrence of combat in warfare between opposing military units of any number or size. A war usually consists of multiple battles. In general, a battle is a military engagement that is well defined in duration, area, and force commitment. An engagement with only limited commitment between the forces and without decisive results is sometimes called a skirmish. The word "battle" can also be used infrequently to refer to an entire operational campaign, although this usage greatly diverges from its conventional or customary meaning. Generally, the word "battle" is used for such campaigns if referring to a protracted combat encounter in which either one or both of the combatants had the same methods, resources, and strategic objectives throughout the encounter. Some prominent examples of this would be the Battle of the Atlantic, Battle of Britain, and the Battle of France, all in World War II. Wars and military campaigns are guided by military strategy, whereas battl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battles In 1879
A battle is an occurrence of combat in warfare between opposing military units of any number or size. A war usually consists of multiple battles. In general, a battle is a military engagement that is well defined in duration, area, and force commitment. An engagement with only limited commitment between the forces and without decisive results is sometimes called a skirmish. The word "battle" can also be used infrequently to refer to an entire operational campaign, although this usage greatly diverges from its conventional or customary meaning. Generally, the word "battle" is used for such campaigns if referring to a protracted combat encounter in which either one or both of the combatants had the same methods, resources, and strategic objectives throughout the encounter. Some prominent examples of this would be the Battle of the Atlantic, Battle of Britain, and the Battle of France, all in World War II. Wars and military campaigns are guided by military strategy, whereas batt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tarapacá Department (Peru)
Tarapacá was a Department of Peru, which existed between 1878 and 1884, when it was unconditionally ceded to Chile after the War of the Pacific under the Treaty of Ancón. History The department was located in southern Peru, near the Pacific Ocean. It was limited to the north by the Arica Province within Moquegua Department, in the south and east by Bolivia, and on the west by the Pacific Ocean. The curaca (tribal chief) of the coastal region in Tarapacá of the Kingdom of Chucuito was Felipe Lucaya, until the Spanish conquest. In 1600, parcels Lluta, Arica, Azapa, Tarapacá were handed over to Pedro Mesia Cordova, who then handed over the valleys of Tácana and Sama. In 1612 Pope Paolo V authorizes the establishment of the Diocese of Arequipa in which were seven jurisdictions including the district of San Marcos Arica comprising the regions of Tacna, Tarata, Sama, Ilabaya, Locumba, Putina and Tarapacá. By 1777 the village of Arica was composed of Ilo, Tacna, Arica, Iq ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emilio Sotomayor Baeza (1826-1894)
Emilio Sotomayor Baeza (1826-1894) was a Chilean general and politician who was the Commander-in-Chief of the Chilean Army from January 4, 1884 to August 22, 1888 as well as a prominent military commander during the War of the Pacific. Biography Emilio was the son of farmer Justo Sotomayor y Elzo and Clara Baeza y Ojeda. He was the seventh of 12 sons, among whom Rafael Sotomayor Baeza was one of them. He married Rosa Leighton Frederick. After entering the Chilean Army in 1845 and in 1846 he was already an officer in the National Guard. On August 17, 1847, before his 22nd birthday, he held the position of Alférez de Artillería. Although he did not graduate as a student at the , his culture and illustration allowed him to get promotions in his career. Three years after joining the Army, he was already a lieutenant . With that degree he faced the pipiola revolution in 1851, when Manuel Francisco Montt Torres arrived at the government. Under the command of General Juan Vidaurre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Martiniano Urriola
Martiniano Urriola Guzmán (c. 1823 – 1888) was a Chilean colonel of the War of the Pacific. He participated across many campaigns of the war as well as being one of the primary commanders of the Chilean North Operations Army. Military career Martiniano was born in about 1823 as the son of Colonel Pedro Urriola Balbontín and ''Doña'' Rosario Guzmán Fontecilla at Santiago. He entered the in 1832 before graduating in 1837 as a 2nd Lieutenant. He was then made an assistant as his father had to go to Argentina to conduct operations against Marshal Andrés de Santa Cruz. Martiniano then joined the ranks of Alejandro Heredia as he participated in the War of the Confederation. He returned to Chile in 1838 and a year later, he joined the ranks of Manuel Bulnes and fought at the battles of Portada de Guías, Buin and Yungay. During the 1851 Chilean Revolution, his father was killed and Martiniano had to flee for Peru in exile. While staying at Lima, he met ''Doña'' Carolina El� ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
