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Battle Of Roncesvalles (1813)
The Battle of Roncesvalles () (25 July 1813) took place between French and Anglo-Portuguese forces during the Peninsular War (1808–1814). Background After the decisive victory of Allied forces under Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington over French forces under King Joseph Bonaparte at the Battle of Vitoria, Wellington advanced to capture San Sebastián and Pamplona, the last French outposts on Spanish soil. While Wellington concentrated his efforts on capturing the strategically important port of San Sebastián, he sent 11,000 men under the Irish-Spanish General O'Donnell to blockade Pamplona. To prevent a French counter-attack over the Pyrenees Wellington positioned General Hill's Corps over a front, to cover the coastal road and the main passes over the mountains. Battle Having rapidly rebuilt and reorganised his forces after their defeat, the French under Marshal Nicolas Jean de Dieu Soult launched an attack towards Pamplona through the passes of Maya and Ron ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peninsular War
The Peninsular War (1808–1814) was fought in the Iberian Peninsula by Kingdom of Portugal, Portugal, Spain and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, United Kingdom against the invading and occupying forces of the First French Empire during the Napoleonic Wars. In Spain, it is considered to overlap with the Spanish War of Independence. The war can be said to have started when the First French Empire, French and History of Spain (1808–1874), Spanish armies Invasion of Portugal (1807), invaded and occupied Portugal in 1807 by transiting through Kingdom of Spain (1810-1873), Spain, but it escalated in 1808 after First French Empire, Napoleonic France occupied History of Spain (1808–1874), Spain, which had been its ally. Napoleon Bonaparte Abdications of Bayonne, forced the abdications of Ferdinand VII of Spain, Ferdinand VII and his father Charles IV of Spain, Charles IV and then installed his brother Joseph Bonaparte on the Spanish throne and promulgated the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joseph Bonaparte
Joseph Bonaparte (born Giuseppe di Buonaparte, ; ; ; 7 January 176828 July 1844) was a French statesman, lawyer, diplomat and older brother of Napoleon Bonaparte. During the Napoleonic Wars, the latter made him King of Naples (1806–1808), and then King of Spain and the Indies (1808–1813). After the fall of Napoleon, Joseph styled himself ''Comte de Survilliers'' and emigrated to the United States, where he settled near Bordentown, New Jersey, on Pointe Breeze estate overlooking the Delaware River not far from Philadelphia. Early life and career Joseph was born in 1768 as Giuseppe Buonaparte to Carlo Buonaparte and Maria Letizia Ramolino at Corte, the capital of the Corsican Republic. In the year of his birth, Corsica was invaded by France and conquered the following year. His father was originally a follower of the Corsican patriot leader Pasquale Paoli, but later became a supporter of French rule. Bonaparte trained as a lawyer. In that role and as a politician and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roncesvalles Avenue
Roncesvalles Avenue is a north–south minor arterial street in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It begins at the intersection of Queen Street West, King Street (Toronto), King Street West and the Queensway running north to Dundas Street, Dundas Street West. At its southern starting point, King Street West traffic continues northward onto Roncesvalles Avenue unless the traffic turns east or west onto Queen Street West or the Queensway. At its northern end point, traffic continues onto Dundas Street, which is essentially a straight-line northern extension of Roncesvalles. Roncesvalles Avenue takes its name from the Battle of Roncesvalles (1813), Battle of Roncesvalles, which took place in the Roncevaux Pass, Roncesvalles Pass in Spain in 1813. (The name 'Roncesvalles' means 'valley of thorns' in Spanish language, Spanish.) At this gorge, Walter O'Hara, Colonel Walter O'Hara—an early 19th-century Ireland, Irish settler who played a significant role in the establishment of the neig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Walter O'Hara
Colonel Walter O'Hara ( – 13 January 1874) was a member of the British army in the 19th century, participating in battles fighting Napoleon, before immigrating to Toronto, Ontario, Canada, where he participated in the Rebellions of 1837 on the side of the government, defeating the rebels of William Lyon Mackenzie. In 1850, O'Hara was granted a property on the western border of Toronto, forming the basis of the Brockton and Parkdale villages. Today, several streets in Toronto are named after his family, estate or prominence in his life: *Roncesvalles Avenue – the site of a battle against Napoleon in Spain, *Sorauren Avenue – another battle site in Spain *Fermanagh Avenue – the county of his birth in Ireland *Marion Street – the name of his wife *Constance Street – the name of his daughter *West Lodge Avenue – the name of his estate *Alhambra The Alhambra (, ; ) is a palace and fortress complex located in Granada, Spain. It is on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Sorauren
The Battle of Sorauren was part of a series of engagements in late July 1813 called the Battle of the Pyrenees in which a combined British and Portuguese force under Sir Arthur Wellesley held off Marshal Soult's French forces attempting to relieve Pamplona. Prelude With sizable Anglo-Portuguese forces tied up in assaulting San Sebastián and besieging Pamplona, the new French commander Marshal Soult launched a counterattack with the ''Armée d'Espagne'' through Maya and Roncesvalles. Although the French initially enjoyed local superiority, the tough terrain combined with stubborn British and Portuguese resistance slowed the French advance to a crawl. Battle The main French column of about 40,000 men under Clausel and Reille marched to attack Sorauren. On the 27July the heavily outnumbered British forces there were drawn up on the Oricain Ridge. Wellesley made a dramatic ride along the ridge in front of the cheering British and Portuguese troops and Soult postponed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sorauren
Sorauren is a small village close to Pamplona in Navarre, Spain. It is surrounded by the mountains " Ezkaba", " Lanzador" and " Txaraka". There can be found the famous romanic stone bridge. There are several young associations that work to improve the cultural scene like ''ezkabartepuntotaparte''. Every September and during the summer months, there are plenty of concerts and a film festival. Battle The Battle of Sorauren took place here between the Duc de Dalmatie and the Duke of Wellington. Legend has that both armies slept with less than between them. A residential street in Toronto, Ontario, Canada is named Sorauren Avenue, after the 1813 battle, because the owner of the land concession in the area, Colonel Walter O'Hara Colonel Walter O'Hara ( – 13 January 1874) was a member of the British army in the 19th century, participating in battles fighting Napoleon, before immigrating to Toronto, Ontario, Canada, where he participated in the Rebellions of 1837 on t ..., wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bertrand Clausel
Bertrand, Comte Clauzel (; 12 December 1772 – 21 April 1842), was a French soldier who served in the French Revolutionary Wars, Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, Napoleonic wars. He saw service in the Low Countries, Italy, Haiti, and Spain, where he achieved short periods of independent command. Clauzel spent 1815–1820 in exile in the United States before returning to France and becoming politically active in the Republicanism, republican and Liberalism, liberal opposition to the absolutist governments of Charles X of France, Charles X. Clauzel would later become a Marshal of France under the Orléans monarchy following the July Revolution and served during the French conquest of Algeria, first during the initial French expedition and later as governor. Napoleon listed Clauzel amongst his most skilful generals. Early life Bertrand Clauzel was born on 12 December 1772 in Mirepoix, Ariège, Mirepoix, in the County of Foix. Bertrand's father, Gabriel Clauzel, was a bankr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Byng, 1st Earl Of Strafford
Field Marshal John Byng, 1st Earl of Strafford (1772 – 3 June 1860) was a British Army officer and politician. After serving as a junior officer during the French Revolutionary Wars and Irish Rebellion of 1798, he became Commanding Officer of the Grenadier Battalion of the 3rd Regiment of Foot Guards during the disastrous Walcheren Campaign. He served as a brigade commander at the Battle of Vitoria and then at the Battle of Roncesvalles on 25 July 1813 when his brigade took the brunt of the French assault and held its position for three hours in the early morning before finally being forced back. During the Hundred Days, he commanded the 2nd Guards Brigade at the Battle of Quatre Bras in June 1815 and again at the Battle of Waterloo later that month when light companies from his brigade played an important role in the defence of Château d'Hougoumont. He went on to be Commander-in-Chief, Ireland and, after leaving Ireland in 1831, he was elected as Whig Member of Parli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port
Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port (literally "Saint John [at the] Foot of [the] Pass"; ; ; ) is a Communes of France, commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques Departments of France, department in south-western France. It is close to Ostabat in the Pyrenean foothills. The town is the old capital of the traditional French Basque Country, Basque province of Lower Navarre. Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port is the second most popular starting point of the French Way (Camino Francés). It is a member of Les Plus Beaux Villages de France (The Most Beautiful Villages of France) Association. Geography The town lies on the river Nive, from the Spanish border, and is the head town of the region of Basse-Navarre (Lower Navarre in English) and was classified among the Most Beautiful Villages of France in 2016. The Pays de Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port, also called Pays de Cize (Garazi in Basque language, Basque), is the region surrounding Saint-Jean-Pied-Port. The town's layout is essentially one main street with sand ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
4th Infantry Division (United Kingdom)
The 4th Infantry Division was a Regular army, regular infantry Division (military), division of the British Army with a very long history, seeing active service in the Peninsular War and Battle of Waterloo, Waterloo Campaign, the Crimean War, Crimean and Second Boer War, Boer Wars and both World Wars. It was disbanded after the Second World War and reformed in the 1950s as an Armoured warfare, armoured formation before being disbanded and reformed again and finally disbanded on 1 January 2012. Napoleonic Wars The 4th Division was originally formed in 1809 by Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, as part of the Anglo-Portuguese Army, for service in the Peninsular War. It fought in the Battle of Talavera, Battles of Talavera, Battle of Salamanca, Salamanca, Battle of Roncesvalles (1813), Roncesvalles, Battle of Vitoria, Vitoria, Battle of the Pyrenees, the Pyrenees, Battle of Orthez, Orthez, and Battle of Toulouse (1814), Toulouse, and the Siege of Badajoz (1812), siege of Bada ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nicolas Jean De Dieu Soult
Marshal General Jean-de-Dieu Soult, 1st Duke of Dalmatia (; 29 March 1769 – 26 November 1851) was a French general and statesman. He was a Marshal of the Empire during the Napoleonic Wars, and served three times as President of the Council of Ministers (prime minister) of France. Son of a country notary from southern France, Soult enlisted in the French Royal Army in 1785 and quickly rose through the ranks during the French Revolution. He was promoted to brigadier general after distinguishing himself at the Battle of Fleurus in 1794, and by 1799 he was a division general. In 1804, Napoleon made Soult one of his first eighteen Marshals of the Empire. Soult played a key role in many of Napoleon's campaigns, most notably at the Battle of Austerlitz, where his corps delivered the decisive attack that secured French victory. He was subsequently created Duke of Dalmatia and from 1808, he commanded French forces during the Peninsular War. Despite several initial victories, for inst ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rowland Hill, 1st Viscount Hill
General Rowland Hill, 1st Viscount Hill, (11 August 1772 – 10 December 1842) was a British Army officer and politician who served in the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars. Hill became Commander-in-Chief of the Forces in 1828. Well-liked by the soldiers under his command, he was nicknamed "Daddy Hill". Background and early career Hill was born on 11August 1772 at Prees Hall in Prees, Shropshire. He was the second son and fourth child of Sir John Hill, 3rd Baronet, a landowner, and Mary, co-heir and daughter of John Chambré of Petton, Shropshire. Educated at The King's School in Chester, Hill was commissioned into the 38th Foot in 1790. He was promoted to lieutenant on 27 January 1791. On 16 March 1791, after a period of leave, he was appointed to the 53rd Regiment of Foot. He was asked to raise an independent company and given the rank of captain on 30 March 1793. He served at the Siege of Toulon in Autumn 1793 as '' aide-de-camp'' to General O'Hara from w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
