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Battle Of Porkuni
Battle of Porkuni () was the largest engagement between Estonians serving in the Red Army and Estonian pro-independence and Waffen-SS units. It took place on 21 September 1944 between Lake Porkuni and the Sauvälja village about seven kilometres northeast of the town of Tamsalu
location of the lake during the Leningrad Front's Tallinn Offensive Operation (17 September 1944 – 26 September 1944). The 249th Rifle Regiment of the 8th Estonian Rifle Corps had heavy machine guns and mortars and were supported by artillery and tanks. Soldiers of the 20th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS (1st Estonian), Estonian Waffen Grenadier Division had only light arms and antitank weapons in the form of German panzerfausts. The 8th Rifle Corps surrounded about 1,500 Estonians retreating from the Battle of Tannenberg Line, Tannenberg line in the Sinimäed Hi ...
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World War II
World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the world's countries participated, with many nations mobilising all resources in pursuit of total war. Tanks in World War II, Tanks and Air warfare of World War II, aircraft played major roles, enabling the strategic bombing of cities and delivery of the Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, first and only nuclear weapons ever used in war. World War II is the List of wars by death toll, deadliest conflict in history, causing World War II casualties, the death of 70 to 85 million people, more than half of whom were civilians. Millions died in genocides, including the Holocaust, and by massacres, starvation, and disease. After the Allied victory, Allied-occupied Germany, Germany, Allied-occupied Austria, Austria, Occupation of Japan, Japan, a ...
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Artillery
Artillery consists of ranged weapons that launch Ammunition, munitions far beyond the range and power of infantry firearms. Early artillery development focused on the ability to breach defensive walls and fortifications during sieges, and led to heavy, fairly immobile siege engines. As technology improved, lighter, more mobile field artillery cannons were developed for battlefield use. This development continues today; modern self-propelled artillery vehicles are highly mobile weapons of great versatility generally providing the largest share of an army's total firepower. Originally, the word "artillery" referred to any group of soldiers primarily armed with some form of manufactured weapon or armour. Since the introduction of gunpowder and cannon, "artillery" has largely meant cannon, and in contemporary usage, usually refers to Shell (projectile), shell-firing Field gun, guns, howitzers, and Mortar (weapon), mortars (collectively called ''barrel artillery'', ''cannon artil ...
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Tapa Parish
Tapa Parish () is a rural municipality in Lääne-Viru County in northern Estonia. The administrative centre of the municipality is the town of Tapa. It is located 70 km east of Estonia's capital, Tallinn. History Tapa Parish was established by merging in October 2005 the town of Tapa with Lehtse and Saksi rural municipalities and in October 2017 the Tapa and Tamsalu rural municipalities. Religion Local government Chairman of the Council (): * 2017-2018 - Toomas Uudeberg * from 2018 - Maksim Butšenkov Mayor (): * 2017-2018 - Alari Kirt * from 2018 - Riho Tell Geography Populated places There are two towns Tapa and Tamsalu, one small borough Lehtse and 55 villages: Aavere, Alupere, Araski, Assamalla, Imastu, Jootme, Jäneda, Järsi, Järvajõe, Kadapiku, Kaeva, Karkuse, Kerguta, Koiduküla, Koplitaguse, Kuie, Kullenga, Kursi, Kuru, Kõrveküla, Lemmküla, Linnape, Loksa, Loksu, Lokuta, Läpi, Läste, Metskaevu, Moe, Naist ...
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Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic
The Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic, (abbreviated Estonian SSR, Soviet Estonia, or simply Estonia ) was an administrative subunit (Republics of the Soviet Union, union republic) of the former Soviet Union (USSR), covering the Occupation of the Baltic states, occupied and annexed territory of Estonia in 1940–1941 and 1944–1991. The Estonian SSR was nominally established to replace the until then independent Republic of Estonia on 21 July 1940, a month after the 16–17 June 1940 Timeline of the occupation of the Baltic states, Soviet military invasion and occupation of the country during World War II. After the installation of a Stalinism, Stalinist communist government, government which, backed by the occupying Soviet Red Army, declared Estonia a Soviet constituency, the Estonian SSR was subsequently incorporated into the Soviet Union as a union republic on 6 August 1940. Estonia was Occupation of Estonia by Nazi Germany, occupied by Nazi Germany in 1941, and administer ...
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Generalbezirk Estland
''Generalbezirk Estland'' ( German for "General District Estonia"; ) was an administrative subdivision of the ''Reichskommissariat Ostland'' of Nazi Germany that covered Estonia from 1941 to 1944. It served as the Nazi civilian administration for the German occupation of Estonia during World War II, and supervised the collaborationist Estonian Self-Administration of Hjalmar Mäe. Karl-Siegmund Litzmann was the only '' Generalkommissar'' of Generalbezirk Estland during its existence. Organization and structure ''Generalbezirk Estland'' was established in Estonia on 5 December 1941, the last of the four administrative districts of ''Reichskommissariat Ostland'' to be formally created. It was organized on the territory of German-occupied Estonia, which had until then been under the military administration of the ''Wehrmacht''s Army Group North Rear Area and its commander Franz von Roques during the German invasion of the Soviet Union. In the autumn of 1941, Roques had b ...
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Battles And Operations Of The Soviet–German War
A battle is an occurrence of combat in warfare between opposing military units of any number or size. A war usually consists of multiple battles. In general, a battle is a military engagement that is well defined in duration, area, and force commitment. An engagement with only limited commitment between the forces and without decisive results is sometimes called a skirmish. The word "battle" can also be used infrequently to refer to an entire operational campaign, although this usage greatly diverges from its conventional or customary meaning. Generally, the word "battle" is used for such campaigns if referring to a protracted combat encounter in which either one or both of the combatants had the same methods, resources, and strategic objectives throughout the encounter. Some prominent examples of this would be the Battle of the Atlantic, Battle of Britain, and the Battle of France, all in World War II. Wars and military campaigns are guided by military strategy, whereas batt ...
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Ambla
Ambla () is a small borough () in Järva County, in Järva Parish, in central Estonia. It was the administrative centre of Ambla Parish. As of the 2011 census, the settlement's population was 299. Gallery Ambla vallamaja 2008. aastal.jpg, Ambla town hall Ambla pastoraadi peahoone.jpg, Ambla pastorate Vabadussõja mälestussammas Ambla kirikuaias.jpg, Estonian War of Independence The Estonian War of Independence, also known as the War of Freedom in Estonia, was a defensive campaign of the Estonian Army and its allies, most notably the United Kingdom, against the Soviet Russian westward offensive of 1918–1919 and the ... memorial in Ambla churchyard Ambla kirikuaia piirdemüür.jpg, Churchyard wall with gate See also * Ambla River References External linksAmbla Parish Boroughs and small boroughs in Estonia Kreis Jerwen {{Järva-geo-stub ...
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Sinimäed Hills
The Sinimäed Hills (or Blue Hills; ) are three linked hills in northeastern Estonia. The heights which are aligned west–east, consist of Tornimägi, Põrguaugu mägi (also known as Grenadierimägi) and Pargimägi (also known as Lastekodumägi). They lie in Narva-Jõesuu municipality near the coastal town of Sillamäe in Ida-Viru County. The hills are best known as the location of the Battle of Tannenberg Line, fought in World War II on July 26–August 12, 1944. There, the German Waffen-SS defeated a Soviet offensive. Geography The Sinimäed hills are gently sloping mounds rather than mountains. Nevertheless, the hills are a dominant landform in the area - the height of the surrounding limestone plateau is on average 30 m above sea level, while the hills are up to 50 m higher. Pargimägi and Põrguaugu mägi are the two higher hills - 85 and 83 m, respectively, while Tornimägi is somewhat lower, 70 m. The ridge is about 3 km long. The location of the hills on a 5  ...
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Battle Of Tannenberg Line
The Battle of Tannenberg Line (; ) or the Battle of the Blue Hills () was a military engagement between the German Army Detachment Narwa and the Soviet Leningrad Front. They fought for the strategically important Narva Isthmus from 25 July–10 August 1944. The battle was fought on the Eastern Front during World War II. The strategic aim of the Soviet Estonian Operation was to reoccupy Estonia as a favorable base for the invasions of Finland and East Prussia. Waffen-SS forces included 24 volunteer infantry battalions from the SS Division Nordland, the SS Division Langemarck, the SS Division Nederland, and the Walloon Legion. Roughly half of the infantry consisted of the personnel of the 20th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS (1st Estonian). The German force of 22,250 men held off 136,830 Soviet troops. As the Soviet forces were constantly reinforced, their overall casualties are estimated by Estonian historian Mart Laar to be 170,000 dead and wounded. Background ...
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Panzerfaust
The (, or , plural: ) was a development family of single-shot man-portable anti-tank systems developed by Nazi Germany during World War II. The weapons were the first single-use light anti-tank weapons based on a pre-loaded disposable launch tube, a weapon configuration which is still used today (a contemporary example being the 84mm AT4). The -design consisted of a light recoilless launcher tube outfitted with a single pre-loaded high-explosive anti-tank warhead protruding from the muzzle. It was an inexpensive, easy-to-use anti-tank weapon for the common infantry man, being issued as a single unit of ammunition meant to be operated by a single soldier. Firing was done from under the arm at an upward angle as the effective firing range was barely beyond that of hand grenades ( max). After use the launcher was discarded. Development of the started in 1942. The initial design was dubbed ( "fist-cartridge") and was smaller than the later designs. Later dubbed ("tank-f ...
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Tank
A tank is an armoured fighting vehicle intended as a primary offensive weapon in front-line ground combat. Tank designs are a balance of heavy firepower, strong armour, and battlefield mobility provided by tracks and a powerful engine; their main armament is often mounted within a turret. They are a mainstay of modern 20th and 21st century ground forces and a key part of combined arms combat. Modern tanks are versatile mobile land weapons platforms whose main armament is a large- calibre tank gun mounted in a rotating gun turret, supplemented by machine guns or other ranged weapons such as anti-tank guided missiles or rocket launchers. They have heavy vehicle armour which provides protection for the crew, the vehicle's munition storage, fuel tank and propulsion systems. The use of tracks rather than wheels provides improved operational mobility which allows the tank to overcome rugged terrain and adverse conditions such as mud and ice/snow better than wheele ...
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