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Battle Of Näfels (1799)
The Battle of Glarus (also uncollectively the Combat of Näfels/Netstal), was a battle fought on October 1, 1799. The battle ended the Austro-Russian invasion of the Helvetic Republic and was the last campaign which involved the Russian undefeated general Alexander Suvorov. Initially, Suvorov's rearguard, led by Andrei Rosenberg, was able to fend off a French attack led by Adolphe Édouard Casimir Joseph Mortier, Adolphe Mortier in the Battle of Muottental, Battle of the Muota Valley. Suvorov's vanguard under Pyotr Bagration managed to overwhelm French forces at Glarus, also capturing Netstal, but came to a stalemate near Näfels and Mollis. Russians completed the main tasks and took Glarus, which deprived the French of hope for decisive success. Suvorov began a retreat via the Panixer Pass. In his report to Russian Empire, Emperor Paul I of Russia, Paul I Suvorov did not mention the battle. Instead, the report portrayed his Suvorov's Swiss campaign, Alpine campaign as a series of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Glarus
Glarus (; ; ; ; ) is the capital of the canton of Glarus in Switzerland. Since 1 January 2011, the municipality of Glarus incorporates the former municipalities of Ennenda, Netstal and Riedern.Amtliches Gemeindeverzeichnis der Schweiz published by the Swiss Federal Statistical Office accessed 18 February 2011 Glarus lies on the river Linth between the foot of the Glärnisch (part of the Schwyzer Alps) to the west and the Schilt (Glarus Alps) to the east. Very few buildings built before the fire of 1861 remain. Wood, textile, and plastics, as well as printing, are the dominant industries. The symbol of the city is the neo-romanesque city church. History [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Helvetic Republic
The Helvetic Republic (; ; ) was a sister republic of France that existed between 1798 and 1803, during the French Revolutionary Wars. It was created following the French invasion and the consequent dissolution of the Old Swiss Confederacy, marking the end of the ''ancien régime'' in Switzerland. Throughout its existence, the republic incorporated most of the territory of modern Switzerland, excluding the cantons of Geneva and Neuchâtel and the old Prince-Bishopric of Basel. The Swiss Confederacy, which until then had consisted of self-governing cantons united by a loose military alliance (and ruling over subject territories such as Vaud), was invaded by the French Revolutionary Army and turned into an ally known as the "Helvetic Republic". The interference with localism and traditional liberties was deeply resented, although some modernizing reforms took place. Resistance was strongest in the more traditional Catholic cantons, with armed uprisings breaking out in spring ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ludwig Ferdinand Huber
Ludwig Ferdinand Huber or Louis Ferdinand Huber (1764 – 24 December 1804) was a German translator, diplomat, playwright, literary critic, and journalist. Born in Paris, Huber was the son of the Bavarian-born writer and translator Michael Huber (writer), Michael Huber and his French wife Anna Louise, . He grew up bilingual in French and German after his parents moved to Leipzig when he was two years old. He lacked a classical education but read voraciously and was well versed in modern languages, and started publishing translations from French and English at an early age. He also translated plays that were performed in theatres all over Germany. In the early 1780s, Huber became friends with the jurist Christian Gottfried Körner, his fiancée Minna Stock, and her older sister Dora Stock, whom he later promised to marry. Together, the friends wrote in admiration to the poet Friedrich Schiller and successfully invited him to come to Leipzig. Körner and Minna were married in 1785 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paul I Of Russia
Paul I (; – ) was Emperor of Russia from 1796 until his assassination in 1801. Paul remained overshadowed by his mother, Catherine the Great, for most of his life. He adopted the Pauline Laws, laws of succession to the Russian throne—rules that lasted until the end of the Romanov dynasty and of the Russian Empire. He also imposed the first limitations on serfdom in Russia, serfdom with the Manifesto of three-day corvee, sought to curtail the privileges of the Russian nobility, nobility, pursued various military reforms which were highly unpopular among officers and was known for his unpredictable behavior, all of which contributed to the conspiracy that would take his life. In 1799 he brought Russia into the War of the Second Coalition, Second Coalition against First French Republic, Revolutionary France alongside Kingdom of Great Britain, Britain and Habsburg monarchy, Austria; the Russian forces achieved several victories at first but withdrew after facing setbacks. Paul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russian Empire
The Russian Empire was an empire that spanned most of northern Eurasia from its establishment in November 1721 until the proclamation of the Russian Republic in September 1917. At its height in the late 19th century, it covered about , roughly one-sixth of the world's landmass, making it the list of largest empires, third-largest empire in history, behind only the British Empire, British and Mongol Empire, Mongol empires. It also Russian colonization of North America, colonized Alaska between 1799 and 1867. The empire's 1897 census, the only one it conducted, found a population of 125.6 million with considerable ethnic, linguistic, religious, and socioeconomic diversity. From the 10th to 17th centuries, the Russians had been ruled by a noble class known as the boyars, above whom was the tsar, an absolute monarch. The groundwork of the Russian Empire was laid by Ivan III (), who greatly expanded his domain, established a centralized Russian national state, and secured inde ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Panixer Pass
Panix Pass or Panixer Pass (Romansh language, Romansh: ''Pass dil Veptga'', German: ''Panixerpass'') (2404 m) is a Switzerland, Swiss Swiss Alps, Alpine pass between the cantons of Canton of Glarus, Glarus and Graubünden. The pass was once an important trade route between the canton of Glarus (canton), Glarus and Italy. It connects Elm, Switzerland, Elm in the Sernftal in Glarus with Pigniu (Panix) in the Vorderrhein valley of Graubünden. It is not passable by car. In October 1799, Russian General Alexander Suvorov Suvorov's Italian and Swiss expedition, made a strategic retreat from the French Revolutionary forces south over the pass and regrouped his forces in Austria. Gallery File:Vasily Surikov - Suvorov Crossing the Alps in 1799 - Google Art Project.jpg, ''Suvorov crossing the Alps'', by Vasily Surikov File:ETH-BIB-Elm, Vorab, Panixerpass v. N. aus 3600 m-Inlandflüge-LBS MH01-001357.tif, The pass in 1919 File:Panixerpass03.JPG, The pass in 2009 File:Panixerpass04.JPG, Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mollis
Mollis is a former municipality in the canton of Glarus in Switzerland. Effective from 1 January 2011, Mollis is part of the municipality of Glarus Nord. History Mollis is first mentioned in 1288. Geography Mollis has an area, , of . Of this area, 41% is used for agricultural purposes, while 44.9% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 8.2% is settled (buildings or roads) and the remainder (5.9%) is non-productive (rivers, glaciers or mountains). The municipality is located on the right side of the Linth valley. It includes the area from the Linth Canal and Walensee to the ''Schlattbach'' in the ''Netstal''. It consists of the village of Mollis and the hamlets of Beglingen on the Kerenzerberg and the alpine settlement of Mullern. Demographics Mollis had a population (as of 2010) of 3,337. , 12.1% of the population was made up of foreign nationals. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Näfels
Näfels is a former Municipalities of Switzerland, municipality in the canton of Glarus in Switzerland. Effective from 1 January 2011, Näfels is part of the municipality of Glarus Nord. History Näfels is first mentioned in 1240 as ''Nevels''. In 1388, the Old Swiss Confederacy, Swiss Confederates beat the House of Habsburg, Habsburgs at the Battle of Näfels, a victory that proved to be decisive in the series of Swiss-Austrian conflicts that stretched through most of the 14th Century as, in 1389, a peace treaty was signed at Vienna. The losses were much higher on the Austrian side, with 2,500 Austrians killed and 54 Swiss. The town's ''Slachtkapelle'' was created as a memorial to the men who fell in battle, and the ''Näfelser Fahrt'', a pilgrimage to the site of the battle, has been held in April every year since the battle. Geography Näfels has an area, , of . Of this area, 35.9% is used for agricultural purposes, while 37.6% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 4.4% i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Netstal
Netstal is a former Municipalities of Switzerland, municipality in the canton of Glarus in Switzerland. Effective from 1 January 2011, Netstal is part of the municipality of Glarus. History Netstal is first mentioned in 1289 as ''Netstal''. Geography Netstal has an area, , of . Of this area, 30.8% is used for agricultural purposes, while 32.8% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 9.6% is settled (buildings or roads) and the remainder (26.9%) is non-productive (rivers, glaciers or mountains). Netstal is located in the ''Glarner Mittelland'' on the eastern foot of the Wiggis mountain and at the confluence of the Löntsch river (from the Klöntalersee, Klöntal) into the Linth river. It consists of the hamlet (place), hamlets of Netstal, Leuzingen and Löntschen. Demographics Netstal had a population (as of 2010) of 2,875. , 25.4% of the population was made up of foreign nationals. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vanguard
The vanguard (sometimes abbreviated to van and also called the advance guard) is the leading part of an advancing military formation. It has a number of functions, including seeking out the enemy and securing ground in advance of the main force. In naval warfare the van is the advance ship, or fleet, that will make the initial engagement with an enemy Naval fleet, fleet. History The vanguard derives from the traditional division of a medieval army into three Battle (formation), battles or ''wards''; the Van, the Main (or Middle), and the Rearguard, Rear. The term originated from the medieval French ''avant-garde'', i.e. "the advance guard". The vanguard would lead the line of march and would deploy first on the field of battle, either in front of the other wards or to the right if they deployed in Line (formation), line. The makeup of the vanguard of a 15th century Duchy of Burgundy, Burgundian army is a typical example. This consisted of: *A contingent of Light cavalry, forer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Muottental
The Battle of (the) Muottental, also known as the battle of the Muttental, Muotatal or Muotta, was fought in 1799, on 30 September and 1 October, during the Second Coalition war as part of Suvorov's Swiss campaign. The Russian troops of Rosenberg's rearguard, ordered by Suvorov, stood in the Muottental (also referred to as the Muttental), now Muotatal, covering the march of the main force, and were attacked by outnumbered French troops under the overall command of Masséna. French troops were more than double that of the Russian forces. It ended in a decisive Russian victory. Prelude to the battle Suvorov's disposition of troops instructed Rosenberg's corps to remain in the rearguard and hold the enemy from Schwyz until all the packs had passed over Mount Bragell (now Pragel). Rosenberg was ordered to hold firm, to repel the French with all his strength, but not to pursue them beyond Schwyz. While half of the Russian troops were thus making their way out of the Muott ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adolphe Édouard Casimir Joseph Mortier
''Adolphe'' is a classic French novel by Benjamin Constant, first published in 1816. It tells the story of an alienated young man, Adolphe, who falls in love with an older woman, Ellénore, the Polish mistress of the Comte de P***. Their illicit relationship serves to isolate them from their friends and from society at large. The book eschews all conventional descriptions of exteriors for the sake of detailed accounts of feelings and states of mind. Constant began the novel on 30 October 1806, and completed it some time before 1810. While still working on it he read drafts to individual acquaintances and to small audiences, and after its first publication in London and Paris in June 1816 it went through three further editions: in July 1816 (new preface), July 1824 in Paris (restorations to Ch. 8, third preface), and in 1828. Many variants appear, mostly alterations to Constant's somewhat archaic spelling and punctuation. Plot summary Adolphe, the narrator, is the son of a go ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
