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Battle Of Ettangi
Ettangi is a town near Derna (in Cyrenaica Cyrenaica ( ) or Kyrenaika ( ar, برقة, Barqah, grc-koi, Κυρηναϊκή ��παρχίαKurēnaïkḗ parkhíā}, after the city of Cyrene), is the eastern region of Libya. Cyrenaica includes all of the eastern part of Libya between ...) known for the battle fought between Italian soldiers and Libyan guerrillas on from 18 — 19 June 1913. The battle ended in a disastrous Libyan defeat. Background A first attempt to expel the Libyan guerrillas from Ettangi, in order to begin the occupation of the Libyan hinterland, took place on 16 May 1913, which however failed, causing unfavorable political repercussions. Preparations and Battle On 18 June 1913, General decided to try the action again by advancing from Cyrene, together with the general Tassoni's division. Three Italian columns, commanded by General Salsa, moved towards the rebel camp of Ettangi with the precise aim of destroying it. The columns were made up of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
First Italo-Senussi War
The First Italo-Senussi War (1911–17) was a conflict between the Kingdom of Italy and the Senussi for control of Libya, primarily in Cyrenaica. It had two main active phases: *The Italo-Turkish War (1911–12), when Italy invaded Libya, then the Ottoman ''vilayet'' of Trâblus Gârb *The Senussi Campaign (1915–17), part of the First World War, in which Italian and British forces fought the Ottoman- and German-supported Senussi After a period of relative peace, the Second Italo-Senussi War The Second Italo-Senussi War, also referred to as the Pacification of Libya, was a conflict that occurred during the Italian colonization of Libya between Italian military forces (composed mainly of colonial troops from Libya, Eritrea, and Soma ... broke out in 1923 and lasted until 1932. Notes {{Authority control Italian colonisation in Africa Italian Libya ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Derna, Libya
Derna (; ar, درنة ') is a port city in eastern Libya. It has a population of 85,000–90,000. It was the seat of one of the wealthiest provinces in the Barbary States, and remains the capital of the Derna District, with a much smaller area. Derna has a unique environment among Libyan cities, as it lies between green mountains, the Mediterranean Sea, and the desert. The city is also home to people of mixed origins. The city was also the location of the famous Battle of Derna (1805), the first victory achieved by the United States Military on foreign soil. Occurring during the First Barbary War, the battle was fought between a force of roughly 500 US Marines and Mediterranean mercenaries and 4,000 or 5,000 Barbary troops. Parts of the city were taken over by Islamic State (IS) militants in October 2014. In June 2015 Shura Council of Mujahideen in Derna defeated IS and took control over the town, before being expelled themselves by the Libyan National Army in the Battle of De ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Libya
Libya (; ar, ليبيا, Lībiyā), officially the State of Libya ( ar, دولة ليبيا, Dawlat Lībiyā), is a country in the Maghreb region in North Africa. It is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Egypt to the east, Sudan to the southeast, Chad to the south, Niger to the southwest, Algeria to the west, and Tunisia to the northwest. Libya is made of three historical regions: Tripolitania, Fezzan, and Cyrenaica. With an area of almost 700,000 square miles (1.8 million km2), it is the fourth-largest country in Africa and the Arab world, and the 16th-largest in the world. Libya has the 10th-largest proven oil reserves in the world. The largest city and capital, Tripoli, is located in western Libya and contains over three million of Libya's seven million people. Libya has been inhabited by Berbers since the late Bronze Age as descendants from Iberomaurusian and Capsian cultures. In ancient times, the Phoenicians established city-states and tr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flag Of The Senussi Dynasty
A flag is a piece of fabric (most often rectangular or quadrilateral) with a distinctive design and colours. It is used as a symbol, a signalling device, or for decoration. The term ''flag'' is also used to refer to the graphic design employed, and flags have evolved into a general tool for rudimentary signalling and identification, especially in environments where communication is challenging (such as the maritime environment, where semaphore is used). Many flags fall into groups of similar designs called flag families. The study of flags is known as "vexillology" from the Latin , meaning "flag" or "banner". National flags are patriotic symbols with widely varied interpretations that often include strong military associations because of their original and ongoing use for that purpose. Flags are also used in messaging, advertising, or for decorative purposes. Some military units are called "flags" after their use of flags. A ''flag'' (Arabic: ) is equivalent to a brigade ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Senusiyya
The Senusiyya, Senussi or Sanusi ( ar, السنوسية ''as-Sanūssiyya'') are a Muslim political-religious tariqa ( Sufi order) and clan in colonial Libya and the Sudan region founded in Mecca in 1837 by the Grand Senussi ( ar, السنوسي الكبير ''as-Sanūssiyy al-Kabīr''), the Algerian Muhammad ibn Ali as-Senussi. Senussi was concerned with what he saw as both the decline of Islamic thought and spirituality and the weakening of Muslim political integrity. The movement promoted strict adherence to Qur'an and Sunna, without partisanship to the traditional legal schools of thought. It also sought a reformation of Sufism, condemning various practices such as seeking help from the dead, sacrificing for them and other rituals which they considered to be superstitions and innovations. From 1902 to 1913, the Senussi fought French colonial expansion in the Sahara and the Kingdom of Italy's colonisation of Libya beginning in 1911. In World War I, they fought the Sen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cyrenaica
Cyrenaica ( ) or Kyrenaika ( ar, برقة, Barqah, grc-koi, Κυρηναϊκή ��παρχίαKurēnaïkḗ parkhíā}, after the city of Cyrene), is the eastern region of Libya. Cyrenaica includes all of the eastern part of Libya between longitudes E16 and E25, including the Kufra District. The coastal region, also known as ''Pentapolis'' ("Five Cities") in antiquity, was part of the Roman province of Crete and Cyrenaica, later divided into ''Libya Pentapolis'' and ''Libya Sicca''. During the Islamic period, the area came to be known as ''Barqa'', after the city of Barca. Cyrenaica became an Italian colony in 1911. After the 1934 formation of Libya, the Cyrenaica province was designated as one of the three primary provinces of the country. During World War II, it fell under British military and civil administration from 1943 until 1951, and finally in the Kingdom of Libya from 1951 until 1963. The region that used to be Cyrenaica officially until 1963 has formed s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cyrene, Libya
Cyrene ( ) or Kyrene ( ; grc, Κυρήνη, Kyrḗnē, arb, شحات, Shaḥāt), was an ancient Greek and later Roman city near present-day Shahhat, Libya. It was the oldest and most important of the five Greek cities, known as the pentapoleis, in the region. It gave eastern Libya the classical name ''Cyrenaica'' that it has retained to modern times. Located nearby is the ancient Necropolis of Cyrene. The traditional founder of the city was Battus the Lacedemonian, though the exact relationship between the fledgling city and other cities has led historians to question that narrative. Particularly, the idea that Thera was the sole "mother city" is disputed; and the relationship with other cities, such as Sparta and Samnium merchants, is unclear. Cyrene lies in a lush valley in the Jebel Akhdar uplands. The city was named after a spring, Kyre, which the Greeks consecrated to Apollo. It became the seat of the Cyrenaics, a famous school of philosophy in the fourth century ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giulio Cesare Tassoni
Giulio Cesare Tassoni (27 February 1859 – 10 October 1942) was an Italian general and politician. He was the governor of Tripolitania for a few months in 1915, and was a member of the 30th Senate of the Kingdom of Italy. During World War I, Tassoni had led IV corps at the Sixth Battle of the Isonzo in 1916, and later the 7th army at battle of Vittorio Veneto in 1918. Biography Giulio Cesare Tassoni was born into a noble family, his father was Francesco Tassoni and mother Diomira Palmieri. The family was from Montecchio Emilia, a town in the province of Reggio Emilia, which at the time of his birth was still subject to the government of the Duchy of Modena and Reggio. Dedicated to a military career from an early age, Tassoni became a teacher for military history shortly after graduation in 1875. In 1902, he was promoted to colonel, and obtained command of the 4th Bersaglieri Regiment. In 1909 he was promoted to the rank of major general, took command of the "Umbria" Brigade a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alberto Cavaciocchi
Alberto Cavaciocchi (31 January 1862 - 3 May 1925) was an Italian general and military historian. Life and career Born in Turin, after attending the Military College of Florence Cavaciocchi graduated from the Military Academy of Turin as a second lieutenant of artillery. He later enrolled at the Turin War School, being promoted to the rank of captain in 1888. Promoted to colonel, he led the 60th Infantry Regiment during the Italo-Turkish War, and was decorated with the Cross of Officer of the Military Order of Savoy and the Silver Medal of Military Valor. During World War I, after some brilliant operations, he was involved in the disastrous Italian defeat in the Battle of Caporetto, when the IV Army Corps he commanded rapidly collapsed. In 1919 the Ministerial Commission of Enquiry established by Francesco Saverio Nitti considered him as one of the most responsible of the defeat and forced him to retire. Beyond his military activity, Cavaciocchi is known as a researcher and an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ettore Mambretti
Ettore Mambretti (1859–1948) was an Italian general. He commanded the 6th Army during the Battle of Mount Ortigara. Biography He attended the Military Academy of Modena, from which he came second lieutenant of the Bersaglieri in 1877. He remained in the Bersaglieri until his appointment as general. He took part in the Battle of Adua, which ended in an Italian defeat. Despite this, he earned the silver medal for Military Valor. Later, in 1912, he was in Libya where, as soon as he arrived, he directed the Battle of Sidi Garabaa, also in an Italian defeat. Mambretti was a commander general during the First World War, his name is remembered for the Battle of Mount Ortigara, which led to the death of thousands of soldiers and his removal from command, since among other things he had also achieved many defeats in previous clashes. A particular fact, also testified by letters from Angelo Gatti and Luigi Cadorna, was the prejudice that Mambretti was a bringer of bad luck. In a l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Italian Libya
Libya ( it, Libia; ar, ليبيا, Lībyā al-Īṭālīya) was a colony of the Fascist Italy located in North Africa, in what is now modern Libya, between 1934 and 1943. It was formed from the unification of the colonies of Italian Cyrenaica and Italian Tripolitania, which had been Italian possessions since 1911. From 1911 until the establishment of a unified colony in 1934, the territory of the two colonies was sometimes referred to as "Italian Libya" or Italian North Africa (''Africa Settentrionale Italiana'', or ASI). Both names were also used after the unification, with Italian Libya becoming the official name of the newly combined colony. It had a population of around 150,000 Italians. The Italian colonies of Tripolitania and Cyrenaica were taken by Italy from the Ottoman Empire during the Italo-Turkish War of 1911-1912, and run by Italian governors. In 1923, indigenous rebels associated with the Senussi Order organized the Libyan resistance movement against Italian set ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
