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Battle Of Dogger Bank (1781)
The Battle of Dogger Bank was a naval battle that took place on 5 August 1781 during the Fourth Anglo-Dutch War, contemporaneously related to the American Revolutionary War, in the North Sea. It was a bloody encounter between a British squadron under Vice Admiral Sir Hyde Parker and a Dutch squadron under Vice Admiral Johan Zoutman, both of which were escorting convoys. Background In December 1780, Great Britain declared war on the Dutch Republic, drawing it militarily into the American War of Independence. The Dutch had for several years been supplying the Americans and shipping French supplies to the Americans in support of the American war effort, the reason behind the British declaration of war. The opening of hostilities with the Dutch meant that Britain's trade with countries on the Baltic Sea—where key supplies of lumber for naval construction were purchased—was potentially at risk, and that the British had to increase protection of their shipping in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fourth Anglo-Dutch War
The Fourth Anglo-Dutch War (; 1780–1784) was a conflict between the Kingdom of Great Britain and the Dutch Republic. The war, contemporary with the American Revolutionary War (1775–1783), broke out over British and Dutch disagreements on the legality and conduct of Dutch trade with Britain's enemies in that war. Although the Dutch Republic did not enter into a formal alliance with the rebelling American colonies and their allies, American ambassador (and future president) John Adams managed to establish diplomatic relations with the Dutch Republic, making it the second European country to diplomatically recognise the Continental Congress in April 1782. In October 1782, a treaty of amity and commerce was concluded as well. Most of the war consisted of a series of British operations against Dutch colonial economic interests, although British and Dutch naval forces also met once off the Dutch coast. The war ended disastrously for the Dutch and exposed the weakness of the po ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Weather Gage
The weather gage (sometimes spelled weather gauge or known as nautical gauge) is the advantageous position of a fighting sailing vessel relative to another. The concept is from the Age of Sail and is now antique. A ship at sea is said to possess the weather gage if it is in any position upwind of the other vessel -- having the wind at their back, speeding progress, when sailing towards the other ship. Proximity with the land, tidal and stream effects and wind variability due to geography (hills, cliffs, etc.) may also come into play. * An upwind vessel is able to manoeuvre at will toward any downwind point, since the relative wind then moves aft. * The fastest point of sail for a frigate typically have the wind blowing in the direction of travel, allowing that ship greater choice in the distance of separation. They could more easily disengage if damaged, and could more easily optimize for the range of their gunnery. * However, in sailing warfare, the leeward ship gained a point ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander Graeme
Admiral Alexander Graeme (9 December 1741 – 5 August 1818) was a Royal Navy officer who became Commander-in-Chief, The Nore. Naval career Born at ''Graemeshall'' in Orkney, Graeme became commanding officer of the sloop HMS ''Kingfisher'' in February 1776 and saw action at the Battle of Turtle Gut Inlet in June 1776 during the American Revolutionary War. He went on to be commanding officer of the sixth-rate HMS ''Tartar'' in July 1779, in which he took part in the action of 11 November 1779, seizing the Spanish 38-gun frigate ''Santa Margarita'' off Cape Finisterre. After that he became commanding officer of the fourth-rate HMS ''Preston'', in which he lost his arm during an action off Dogger Bank, in November 1781 and then became commanding officer of the second-rate HMS ''Glory'' in January 1795. He was appointed Commander-in-Chief, The Nore in June 1799 and retired as Admiral of the White. Graeme lived his later life at 87 Princes Street in Edinburgh's New Town. G ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Blair (Royal Navy Officer)
William Blair (1741–1782) was a Scottish officer in the Royal Navy. He became lieutenant in 1760, commander in 1777, and post-captain in 1778. He fought the Dutch at Dogger Bank in 1781, and was killed in battle with the French off Dominica in 1782. Life William Blair was the son of Daniel Blair of Edinburgh, collaterally related to the Blairs of Balthayock.Laughton 1886, p. 167. He first went to sea in merchant ships, and later served in the Royal Navy, as surgeon's servant, able seaman, and midshipman, in the '' Windsor'', '' Firebrand'', ''Amazon'', '' Aleide'', ''Hussar'', and '' Eolus.''Laughton; Cock 2008. He passed his lieutenant's examination on 30 May 1760, and was made a lieutenant on 9 October 1760. He served as lieutenant in the ''Grenado'', '' Superb'', ''Centurion'', ''Salisbury'', and ''Grafton'', but did not attain his commander's rank till 6 December 1777, when he commanded the sloop ''Wasp''. Promoted post-captain on 18 April 1778, Blair captained Vice ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jingoism
Jingoism is nationalism in the form of aggressive and proactive foreign policy, such as a country's advocacy for the use of threats or actual force, as opposed to peaceful relations, in efforts to safeguard what it perceives as its national interests. Colloquially, jingoism is excessive bias in judging one's own country as superior to others – an extreme type of nationalism (''cf''. chauvinism and ultranationalism). Etymology The chorus of a song by the songwriter G. W. Hunt, popularized by the singer G. H. MacDermott – which was commonly sung in British pubs and music halls around the time of the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–78 – gave birth to the term. The lyrics included this chorus: The capture of Constantinople was a long-standing Russian strategic aim, since it would have given the Russian Navy, based in the Black Sea, unfettered access to the Mediterranean Sea through the Bosphorus and the Dardanelles (known as the " Turkish Straits"); conver ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Málaga (1704)
The battle of Málaga, also known as the battle of Vélez-Málaga, was a major fleet action which took place during the War of the Spanish Succession between an Anglo- Dutch fleet and a Franco- Spanish naval force on 24 August 1704. Both sides fought an intense engagement before the Anglo-Dutch fleet withdrew the next day. The French subsequently returned to Toulon, transforming the battle from a tactical stalemate into a strategic defeat, as they would not put out to sea again for the duration of the conflict. Occurring soon after the Anglo-Dutch capture of Gibraltar a few weeks prior, the battle served as one of the numerous engagements which took place for control over the settlement during the war. In 1701, the War of the Spanish Succession broke out, pitting the Bourbon kingdoms of France and Spain against Grand Alliance, which included the English and Dutch. An Anglo-Dutch fleet under Sir George Rooke was sent into the Mediterranean in 1704, capturing Gibraltar on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fleet Action
A fleet action is a naval engagement involving combat between forces that are larger than a squadron on either of the opposing sides. Fleet action is defined by combat and not just manoeuvring of the naval forces strategically, operationally or tactically without engaging. Most famous large naval battles in history were fleet actions. A fleet action is unrelated to participation of any formation that is a named naval fleet, and usually includes only major parts of such formations. A ''general fleet action'' has been defined as one aimed to destroy, incapacitate or capture the enemy's main body and thereby accomplish the principal strategic objective of the war at sea. The Battle of Jutland, although consisting of several smaller battles and engagements, came closest to what was considered a general fleet action in the late "long" 19th century. As an example of fleet action orders, the following were issued by Admiral Spruance commanding United States Fifth Fleet at 1415 o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George III
George III (George William Frederick; 4 June 173829 January 1820) was King of Great Britain and King of Ireland, Ireland from 25 October 1760 until his death in 1820. The Acts of Union 1800 unified Kingdom of Great Britain, Great Britain and Kingdom of Ireland, Ireland into the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, with George as its king. He was concurrently Duke and Prince-elector of Electorate of Hanover, Hanover in the Holy Roman Empire before becoming King of Hanover on 12 October 1814. He was the first monarch of the House of Hanover who was born in Great Britain, spoke English as his first language, and never visited Hanover. George was born during the reign of his paternal grandfather, George II of Great Britain, King George II, as the first son of Frederick, Prince of Wales, and Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha. Following his father's death in 1751, Prince George became heir apparent and Prince of Wales. He succeeded to the throne on George II's death in 1760. Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nore
The Nore is a long sandbank, bank of sand and silt running along the south-centre of the final narrowing of the Thames Estuary, England. Its south-west is the very narrow Nore Sand. Just short of the Nore's easternmost point where it fades into the channels it has a notable point once marked by a Lightvessel, lightship on the line where the estuary of the River Thames, Thames nominally becomes the North Sea. A lit buoy today stands on this often map-marked divisor: between River Roach#The tidal river, Havengore Creek in east Essex and Warden Point on the Isle of Sheppey in Kent. Until 1964 it marked the seaward limit of the Port of London Authority. As the sandbank was a major hazard for shipping coming in and out of London, in 1732 it received the world's first lightvessel, lightship. This became a major landmark, and was used as an assembly point for shipping. Today it is marked by the Sea Reach No. 1 Buoys. The Nore is an Anchorage (shipping), anchorage, or open roadstead, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Swedish Navy
The Swedish Navy () is the maritime service branch of the Swedish Armed Forces. It is composed of surface and submarine naval units – the Fleet (), formally sometimes referred to as the Royal Navy () – as well as marine units, the Amphibious Corps (). Founded under King Gustav Vasa in 1522, the Swedish navy is one of the oldest continuously serving navies in the world, celebrating its 500th anniversary in 2022. History Early Swedish kings ( 9th–14th centuries) organised a Swedish Navy along the coastline through . This involved combined rowing and sailing ships (without artillery). This system became obsolete with the development of society and changes in military technology. No later than in the 14th century, the duty to serve in was replaced by a tax. In 1427, when Sweden was part of the Kalmar Union (with Denmark and Norway), Swedish warships did however participate in the naval battle of Öresund against the Hanseatic League. It is unclear how this force was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Het Zinkende Schip Holland, 1781, RP-T-00-1464
Het or HET may refer to: Science and technology * Hall-effect thruster, a type of ion thruster used for spacecraft propulsion * Heavy Equipment Transporter, a vehicle in the US Army's Heavy Equipment Transport System * Hobby–Eberly Telescope, an instrument at the University of Texas McDonald Observatory * Human enhancement Technologies, devices for enhancing the abilities of human beings * Heterozygote, a diploid organism with differing alleles at a genetic locus; see zygosity * Hexaethyl tetraphosphate, in chemistry * HET acid, alternate term for Chlorendic acid Other uses * Hét, a village in Hungary * Het peoples, or their language * Heterosexuality, sexual attraction to the opposite sex * ''HighEnd Teen'' (2008–2017), a former Indonesian magazine * Historical Enquiries Team (2005–2014), a former unit of the Police Service of Northern Ireland * Holocaust Educational Trust, a British charity * HET, IATA code for Hohhot Baita International Airport, in Inner Mongolia, Chin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jack (flag)
A jack is a flag flown from a short jackstaff at the Bow (ship), bow (front) of a vessel, while the Ensign (flag), ensign is flown on the stern (rear). Jacks on bowsprits or foremasts appeared in the 17th century. A country may have different jacks for different purposes, especially when (as in the United Kingdom and the Netherlands) the naval jack is forbidden to other vessels. The United Kingdom has an official civil jack; the Netherlands has several unofficial ones. In some countries, ships of other government institutions may fly the naval jack, e.g. the ships of the United States Coast Guard and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration in the case of the Jack of the United States, US jack. Certain organs of the UK's government have their own departmental jacks. Commercial or pleasure craft may fly the flag of an administrative division (state, province, land) or municipality at the bow. Merchant ships may fly a house flag. Yachts may fly a club burgee or of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
