|
Banksia Fraseri
''Banksia fraseri'' is a species of shrub that is endemic to Western Australia. It has hairy stems, broadly linear pinnatisect leaves with between four and eighteen sharply-pointed lobes on each side, between eighty and one hundred pink to cream-coloured flowers and wedge-shaped follicles. Description ''Banksia fraseri'' has a variable habit, ranging from a very low, almost prostrate lignotuberous shrub in ''B. fraseri'' var. ''crebra'' and ''B. fraseri'' var. ''effusa'', to an upright non-lignotuberous shrub up to six metres high in ''B. fraseri'' var. ''oxycedra''. Young stems are covered in a mat of coarse hairs, but these are lost as the stems age. The leaves are from five to ten centimetres long, and eight to 40 millimetres wide; pinnatisect, with 4 to 18 narrow lobes on each side; on a petiole up to three centimetres long. Flowers occur in the dome-shaped head characteristic of ''B.'' ser. ''Dryandra''. These occur at the end of branches or on sh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert Brown (botanist, Born 1773)
Robert Brown (21 December 1773 – 10 June 1858) was a Scottish botanist and paleobotanist who made important contributions to botany largely through his pioneering use of the microscope. His contributions include one of the earliest detailed descriptions of the cell nucleus and cytoplasmic streaming; the observation of Brownian motion; early work on plant pollination and fertilisation, including being the first to recognise the fundamental difference between gymnosperms and angiosperms; and some of the earliest studies in palynology. He also made numerous contributions to plant taxonomy, notably erecting a number of plant families that are still accepted today; and numerous Australian plant genera and species, the fruit of his exploration of that continent with Matthew Flinders. Early life Robert Brown was born in Montrose, Scotland on 21 December 1773, in a house that existed on the site where Montrose Library currently stands. He was the son of James Brown, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pistil
Gynoecium (; ; : gynoecia) is most commonly used as a collective term for the parts of a flower that produce ovules and ultimately develop into the fruit and seeds. The gynoecium is the innermost whorl (botany), whorl of a flower; it consists of (one or more) ''#Pistil, pistils'' and is typically surrounded by the pollen-producing plant reproductive morphology, reproductive organs, the stamens, collectively called the androecium. The gynoecium is often referred to as the "female" portion of the flower, although rather than directly producing female gametes (i.e. egg cells), the gynoecium produces megaspores, each of which develops into a female gametophyte which then produces egg cells. The term gynoecium is also used by botanists to refer to a cluster of archegonia and any associated modified leaves or stems present on a gametophyte shoot in mosses, Marchantiophyta, liverworts, and hornworts. The corresponding terms for the male parts of those plants are clusters of antheridiu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dryandra § Pectinatae
''Banksia'' ser. ''Dryandra'' is a series of 94 species of shrub to small tree in the plant genus ''Banksia''. It was considered a separate genus named ''Dryandra'' until early 2007, when it was merged into ''Banksia'' on the basis of extensive molecular and morphological evidence that ''Banksia'' was paraphyletic with respect to ''Dryandra''. Taxonomy The dryandras were named in honour of Swedish botanist Jonas C. Dryander. The first specimens of a ''Dryandra'' were collected by Archibald Menzies, surgeon and naturalist to the Vancouver Expedition. At the request of Joseph Banks, Menzies collected natural history specimens wherever possible during the voyage. During September and October 1791, while the expedition were anchored at King George Sound, he collected numerous plant specimens, including the first specimens of '' B. sessilis'' (Parrotbush) and '' B. pellaeifolia''. Upon Menzies' return to England, he turned his specimens over to Banks; as with most other s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Meissner's Taxonomic Arrangement Of Dryandra
Carl Meissner's taxonomic arrangement of ''Dryandra'', now ''Banksia'' ser. ''Dryandra'', was published in 1856 as part of his chapter on the Proteaceae in A. P. de Candolle's '' Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis''. It replaced the 1830 arrangement of Robert Brown, and remained current until superseded by the 1870 arrangement of George Bentham. Background The dryandras are a group of proteaceous shrubs endemic to southwest Western Australia. For nearly two hundred years they were considered a separate genus, having been published at that rank in 1810 by Robert Brown. In 2007 it was transferred into the genus ''Banksia'' as ''B.'' ser. ''Dryandra''. There are now just under 100 species, plus numerous subspecies and varieties. The first infrageneric arrangement of ''Dryandra'' was Brown's 1810 arrangement, which listed 13 species, but did not attempt an infrageneric classification. Twenty years later, Brown published a revised arrangement which divided 23 r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carl Meissner
Carl Daniel Friedrich Meissner (1 November 1800 – 2 May 1874) was a Swiss botanist. Biography Born in Bern, Switzerland on 1 November 1800, he was christened Meisner but later changed the spelling of his name to Meissner. For most of his 40-year career he was Professor of Botany at University of Basel. He made important contributions to the botanical literature, including the publication of the comprehensive work ''Plantarum Vascularum Genera'', and publications of monographs on the families Polygonaceae (especially the genus ''Polygonum''), Lauraceae, Proteaceae, Thymelaeaceae and Hernandiaceae. His contributions to the description of the Australian flora were prolific; he described hundreds of species of Australian Proteaceae, and many Australian species from other families, especially Fabaceae, Mimosaceae and Myrtaceae. His health deteriorated after 1866, and he was less active. He died in Basel Basel ( ; ), also known as Basle ( ), ; ; ; . is a city in northwes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seed Separator
A seed separator is a structure found in the follicle (fruit), follicles of some Proteaceae. These follicles typically contain two seeds, with a seed separator between them. The seed separator is nothing but a little chip of wood, but in some cases it serves an important function: in serotinous species, the follicles open only in response to fire, but the seed separator remains in position, thus preventing the seeds from falling out immediately, onto burnt or burning ground. Some separators loosen and fall out once they have cooled, thus ensuring that the seeds are released only after the fire has passed; others loosen and fall only after they have been moistened, thus ensuring that the seeds are released at the first rain after fire. Still others function as levers, recurving when moist and straightening when dry, and thus gradually levering the seeds out of the follicle in the course of a wet-dry cycle. This last case also occurs in non-serotinous species: follicles may open spont ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dryandra Verae
''Dryandra'' subg. ''Dryandra'' is an obsolete clade of plant. It was a series within the former genus ''Dryandra'' (now ''Banksia'' ser. ''Dryandra''). The name was first published at sectional rank as ''Dryandra verae'' in 1830, before being renamed ''Eudryandra'' in 1847, the replaced by the autonym at subgenus rank in 1996. It was ultimately discarded in 2007 when Austin Mast and Kevin Thiele sunk ''Dryandra'' into ''Banksia''. Brown's ''Dryandra verae'' ''Dryandra verae'' ("True Dryandra") was published by Brown in his 1830 '' Supplementum primum Prodromi florae Novae Hollandiae''. Brown's arrangement of ''Dryandra'' split a single species out into a separate genus, and divided the remaining ''Dryandra'' species into three groups according to what Brown perceived to be variations in the number of seed separators. He allowed for these groups to be treated at subgenus or section rank, but they are now treated as having been published as sections. ''Dryandra verae'' was defi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brown's Taxonomic Arrangement Of Dryandra
Robert Brown (botanist, born 1773), Robert Brown's taxonomic arrangement of ''Dryandra'' was the first arrangement of what is now Banksia ser. Dryandra, ''Banksia'' ser. ''Dryandra''. His initial arrangement was published in 1810, and a further arrangement, including an infrageneric classification, followed in 1830. Aspects of Brown's arrangements can be recognised in the later arrangements of George Bentham and Alex George (botanist), Alex George. Background The dryandras are a group of proteaceae, proteaceous shrubs endemic to southwest Western Australia. For nearly two hundred years they were considered a separate genus, having been published at that rank in 1810 by Robert Brown (botanist, born 1773), Robert Brown. In 2007 they were transferred into the genus ''Banksia'' as ''B.'' ser. ''Dryandra''. There are now nearly 100 species, plus numerous subspecies and varieties. Brown's 1810 arrangement The genus ''Dryandra'' was first published by Brown in "On the natural orde ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Swan River (Western Australia)
The Swan River () is a major river in the Southwest Australia, southwest of Western Australia. The river runs through the metropolitan area of Perth, Western Australia's capital and largest city. Course of river The Swan River estuary flows through the city of Perth. Its lower reaches are relatively wide and deep, with few constrictions, while the upper reaches are usually quite narrow and shallow. The Swan River drains the Avon and Swan Coastal Plain, coastal plain catchments, which have a total area of about . It has three major tributaries, the Avon River (Western Australia), Avon River, Canning River and Helena River. The latter two have dams (Canning Dam and Mundaring Weir) which provide a sizeable part of the potable water requirements for Perth and the surrounding regions. The Avon River contributes the majority of the freshwater flow. The climate of the catchment is Mediterranean, with mild wet winters, hot dry summers, and the associated highly seasonal rainfall and fl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
