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Banking In Turkey
Banking in Turkey is an important aspect of the financial system Turkey's dynamic economy. Banks handle the majority of money and capital market transactions and activity. Commercial banks make up the majority of Turkey's financial sector, accounting for 91 percent of overall financial sector assets as of 2020. The beginnings of the banking industry can be traced to the 19th century with Galata bankers creating the first Ottoman bank. As of January 2021, there are a total of 48 banks operating with 9,880 branches in Turkey and 71 branches abroad. The total value of assets of the banking sector in Turkey amounted to more than $800 billion. History Ottoman period The so-called money-changers and Galata bankers were the first to engage in banking activities in the early 1800s. All quasi-banking activities were carried out by money-changers during this era, and the Galata bankers were largely ethnic minorities in Istanbul. Following the Crimean War, the Ottoman Empire's fin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ankara Asv2021-10 Img23 Ziraat Bank Museum
Ankara is the capital city of Turkey and List of national capitals by area, the largest capital by area in the world. Located in the Central Anatolia Region, central part of Anatolia, the city has a population of 5,290,822 in its urban center (Etimesgut, Yenimahalle, Çankaya District, Çankaya, Keçiören, Altındağ, Pursaklar, Mamak, Ankara, Mamak, Gölbaşı, Ankara, Gölbaşı, Sincan, Ankara, Sincan) and 5,864,049 in Ankara Province (total of 25 districts). Ankara is Turkey's List of cities in Turkey, second-largest city by population after Istanbul, first by urban land area, and third by metro land area after Konya and Sivas. Ankara was historically known as Ancyra and Angora. Serving as the capital of the ancient Celts, Celtic state of Galatia (280–64 BC), and later of the Roman Empire, Roman province with the Galatia (Roman province), same name (25 BC–7th century), Ankara has various Hattians, Hattian, Hittites, Hittite, Lydian, Phrygian, Galatians (people ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ziraat Bank
Ziraat Bankası () is a Turkish state-owned bank founded in 1863. The bank provides commercial loan support to companies and tradesmen, as well as personal loans such as consumer loans, vehicle loans and housing loans. History During the first half of the 19th century, with the adoption of western models of trade and finance, foreign banks began their activities in the Ottoman Empire. At that period, there was not enough capital to found a national banking system and no one could mention the existence of national banks as a source of capital. This situation was more harmful to farmers because they made up the majority of the population, and since they did not have any institutional financial structure to which to apply, they had to borrow money from the usurers at high-interest rates. Under these conditions, the governor of Niš province of the Ottoman Empire, Midhat Pasha (1822–1884) began to take the first steps to overcome these difficulties in 1863 and achieved the re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Financial Crimes Investigation Board (Turkey)
Financial Crimes Investigation Board (abbreviation: MASAK, in Turkish: Mali Suçlar Araştırma Kurulu), is a Turkish financial intelligence unit attached to the Ministry of Finance and Treasury. MASAK's main duties are to prevent money laundering Money laundering is the process of illegally concealing the origin of money obtained from illicit activities (often known as dirty money) such as drug trafficking, sex work, terrorism, corruption, and embezzlement, and converting the funds i ... crime, to conduct research on it, to develop measures, and to process the collected information and submit it to the necessary authorities. History MASAK was established with the Law No. 4208 on the Prevention of Money Laundering, which entered into force on 19.11.1996, and started its activities on 17 February 1997. Its duties and powers were later rearranged by the Law No. 5549 on Prevention of Laundering Proceeds of Crime, which entered into force on 18.10.2006. References An ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ministry Of Treasury And Finance (Turkey)
The Ministry of Treasury and Finance () is a government ministry office of the Republic of Turkey, responsible for finance and tax affairs in Turkey. The current minister is Mehmet Şimşek, serving since 3 June 2023. Departments The following departments are subordinate to the Ministry of Finance: * Debt Office * Tax Inspection Board * Strategy Development Unit * Directorate General of Budget and Fiscal Control * Directorate General of Revenue Policies * Department of the European Union and Foreign Affairs * Ministry of Finance Centre for Higher Training * Financial Crimes Investigation Board * Chief Legal Advisory and Directorate General of Proceedings * Directorate General of Public Accounts * Directorate General of National Property * Directorate General of Personnel * Department of Administrative and Financial Affairs See also *List of finance ministers of Turkey * Ministry of Finance (Ottoman Empire) References External links Ministry of Finance and Treasury* Tr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Savings Deposit Insurance Fund Of Turkey
The Savings Deposit Insurance Fund of Turkey (), a.k.a. TMSF in abbreviated form, is the governing body concerned with matters of fund management and insurance in the Turkish banking system. The body was founded in 1933 with the name Deposit Protection Act (). In 1960, the name was changed to Bankalar Tasfiye Fonu (). The current name was adopted in 1983. TMSF is also involved in the media industry, and owns at least one asset each for every newspaper, pay television, television and radio station. In 2013, TMSF acquired some assets from Çukurova Media Group Çukurova Media Group (''Çukurova Medya Grubu'') is a Turkish media conglomerate established, part of the Çukurova Holding conglomerate. On 18 May 2013 it transferred a substantial number of its properties to the state TMSF, in partial settle ... after the company was forced to sell due to tax debts. The institution was initially overseen by the Central Bank of Turkey, however, it later became attached to the Prime ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Capital Markets Board Of Turkey
The Capital Markets Board of Turkey (CMB) () is the financial regulatory and supervisory agency of Turkey. Its board is appointed by the Turkish finance ministry. History The CMB was created in 1982 with the passing of the Capital Markets Law (CML) in 1981. This was followed by a number of further laws and decrees that expanded its functions and responsibilities. The most significant of these changes was Law No. 4487 which was passed in December 1999, which brought in a set of amendments to the Capital Market Law expanding the duties and the scope of authority. This included increased consumer protection and changes to allow dematerlisation of stocks and other changes to make the markets more flexible and able to use information technology. Responsibilities and functions The CMB is responsible for safeguarding the stability of the financial market, consumer protections and supervising participants in the stock market. Structure The Chairman who is also the CEO is responsibl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Banking Regulation And Supervision Agency
The Banking Regulation and Supervision Agency (BRSA; ) is an independent agency in Turkey whose task is to regulate and supervise the banking system in the country. It aims to "provid reliability and stability in financial markets", "ensur the efficient running of the credit system", and protect consumer rights. Since June 2023, Şahap Kavcıoğlu serves as its chairman. See also * Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey The Central Bank of the Republic of Türkiye (CBRT) () is the central bank of Turkey. Its responsibilities include conducting monetary and exchange rate policy, managing international reserves of Turkey, as well as printing and issuing banknotes ... References External links Official Website: Banking Regulation and Supervision Agency 1999 establishments in Turkey Bank regulation Regulatory and supervisory agencies of Turkey {{Gov-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Capital Adequacy Ratio
Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) also known as Capital to Risk (Weighted) Assets Ratio (CRAR), is the ratio of a bank's capital to its risk. National regulators track a bank's CAR to ensure that it can absorb a reasonable amount of loss and complies with statutory Capital requirements. It is a measure of a bank's capital. It is expressed as a percentage of a bank's risk-weighted credit exposures. The enforcement of regulated levels of this ratio is intended to protect depositors and promote stability and efficiency of financial systems around the world. Two types of capital are measured: * tier one capital, which can absorb losses without a bank being required to cease trading; and * tier two capital, which can absorb losses in the event of a winding-up and so provides a lesser degree of protection to depositors. Formula Capital adequacy ratios (CARs) are a measure of the amount of a bank's core capital expressed as a percentage of its risk-weighted asset. Capital adequacy rat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
State-owned Bank
State ownership, also called public ownership or government ownership, is the ownership of an industry, asset, property, or enterprise by the national government of a country or state, or a public body representing a community, as opposed to an individual or private party. Public ownership specifically refers to industries selling goods and services to consumers and differs from public goods and government services financed out of a government's general budget. Public ownership can take place at the national, regional, local, or municipal levels of government; or can refer to non-governmental public ownership vested in autonomous public enterprises. Public ownership is one of the three major forms of property ownership, differentiated from private, collective/cooperative, and common ownership. In market-based economies, state-owned assets are often managed and operated as joint-stock corporations with a government owning all or a controlling stake of the company's shares. Thi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Black Sea Trade And Development Bank
The Black Sea Trade and Development Bank (BSTDB) is an international development finance institution serving the eleven member founding countries of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation, a regional economic organization. It supports economic development and regional cooperation by providing loans, guarantees, and equity for development projects and trade transactions. BSTDB supports both public and private enterprises in member countries and does not attach political conditionality to its financing. Objectives of the bank include promoting regional trade links, cross country projects, foreign direct investment, supporting activities that contribute to sustainable development, with an emphasis on the generation of employment in the member countries, ensuring that each operation is economically and financially sound. The bank has an authorized capital of EUR 3.45 billion. BSTDB is governed by the Agreement Establishing the Black Sea Trade and Development Bank, a United Nations regi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Economy Of Turkey
The economy of Turkey is an Emerging market, emerging free-market economy. It ranked as the List of countries by GDP (nominal), 16th-largest in the world and List of sovereign states in Europe by GDP (nominal), 7th-largest in Europe by nominal GDP in 2025. It also ranked as the List of countries by GDP (PPP), 12th-largest in the world and 5th-largest in Europe by purchasing power parity, PPP in 2025. Turkey's 2000s Turkish economic boom, rapid economic growth since the 2000s was stranded by the Turkish economic crisis (2018–current), economic crisis in 2018, but it began to recover in 2021. Turkey's United States dollar, USD-based nominal GDP per capita and GDP-PPP per capita have eventually reached their all-time peak values in 2024. Turkey is a founding member of the OECD and G20. Ratified in 1995, the European Union–Turkey Customs Union has established a European Union Customs Union, free trade area between Turkey and the European Union, which has increased bilateral foreig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turgut Özal
Halil Turgut Özal (13 October 192717 April 1993) was a Turkish politician, bureaucrat, engineer and statesman who served as the eighth president of Turkey from 1989 to 1993. He previously served as the 26th prime minister of Turkey from 1983 to 1989 as the leader of the Motherland Party. He was the deputy prime minister of Turkey in the military government of Bülend Ulusu between 1980 and 1982. After working briefly at the World Bank in the United States and as a university lecturer, Özal became the general secretary and later the leader of the main miners' trade union of Turkey in 1979, serving as a chief negotiator during large-scale industrial action in 1977. He unsuccessfully stood for Parliament in the 1977 general election as a National Salvation Party (MSP) candidate from İzmir. In 1979, he became an undersecretary to Prime Minister Süleyman Demirel's minority government until the 1980 military coup. As an undersecretary, he played a major role in developing e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
