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Bacteroides Melaninogenicus
''Prevotella melaninogenica'' is a species of bacterium in the normal microbiota of the upper respiratory tract. It is an important human pathogen in various anaerobic infections, often mixed with other aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. ''P. melaninogenica'' is an anaerobic, Gram-negative rod, named for its black colonies, and black pigment. ''Prevotella melaninogenica'' is associated with hypertension together with '' Campylobacter rectus'' and ''Veillonella parvula''. Description ''Prevotella melaninogenica'' are Gram-negative rod-shaped bacteria. They cannot survive in the presence of oxygen. They are not motile, and do not form spores. ''P. melaninogenica'' grow well on blood agar, where they form circular dark-colored colonies that darken over one to two weeks. History ''Prevotella melaninogenica'' was originally described as ''Bacteroides melaninogenicus'' in 1921 by Wade Oliver and William Wherry at the University of Cincinnati as a new bacterium isolated from various sites ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
LPSN
List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) is an online database that maintains information on the naming and taxonomy image:Hierarchical clustering diagram.png, 280px, Generalized scheme of taxonomy Taxonomy is a practice and science concerned with classification or categorization. Typically, there are two parts to it: the development of an underlying scheme o ... of prokaryotes, following the taxonomy requirements and rulings of the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes. The database was curated from 1997 to June 2013 by Jean P. Euzéby. From July 2013 to January 2020, LPSN was curated by Aidan C. Parte. In February 2020, a new version of LPSN was published as a service of the Leibniz Institute DSMZ, thereby also integrating the Prokaryotic Nomenclature Up-to-date service and since 2022 LPSN is interconnected with the Type (Strain) Genome Server (TYGS), DSMZ's high-throughput platform for accurate genome-based taxonomy. See also * Code o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bacillus (shape)
Bacterial cellular morphologies are the shapes that are characteristic of various types of bacteria and often key to their identification. Their direct examination under a light microscope enables the classification of these bacteria (and archaea). Generally, the basic morphologies are spheres (coccus) and round-ended cylinders or rod shaped (bacillus). But, there are also other morphologies such as helically twisted cylinders (example '' Spirochetes''), cylinders curved in one plane (selenomonads) and unusual morphologies (the square, flat box-shaped cells of the Archaean genus '' Haloquadratum)''. Other arrangements include pairs, tetrads, clusters, chains and palisades. Types Coccus A coccus (plural ''cocci'', from the Latin ''coccinus'' (scarlet) and derived from the Greek ''kokkos'' (berry)), is any microorganism (usually bacteria) whose overall shape is spherical or nearly spherical. Coccus refers to the shape of the bacteria and can contain multiple genera, such as st ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prevotella
''Prevotella'' is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria. ''Prevotella'' species are widely distributed across varied ecological habitats, with 57 characterized species spanning both human and other mammalian hosts. In mammals, this genus is notably prevalent in the swine gut microbiome. In humans, ''Prevotella'' species are members of the oral, vaginal, and gut microbiota and are often recovered from anaerobic infections of the respiratory tract. These infections include aspiration pneumonia, lung abscess, pulmonary empyema, and chronic otitis media and sinusitis. They have been isolated from abscesses and burns in the vicinity of the mouth, bites, paronychia, urinary tract infection, brain abscesses, osteomyelitis, and bacteremia associated with upper respiratory tract infections. ''Prevotella'' spp. predominate in periodontal disease and periodontal abscesses. Role in gut microbiota The human gut is mainly inhabited by two phyla of bacteria—''Bacillota'' and ''Bacteroidot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bacteroides
''Bacteroides'' is a genus of Gram-negative, obligate anaerobic bacteria. ''Bacteroides'' species are non endospore–forming bacilli, and may be either motile or nonmotile, depending on the species. The DNA base composition is 40–48% GC. Unusual in bacterial organisms, ''Bacteroides'' membranes contain sphingolipids. They also contain meso-diaminopimelic acid in their peptidoglycan layer. ''Bacteroides'' species are normally mutualistic, making up the most substantial portion of the mammalian gastrointestinal microbiota, where they play a fundamental role in processing of complex molecules to simpler ones in the host intestine. As many as 1010–1011 cells per gram of human feces have been reported. They can use simple sugars when available; however, the main sources of energy for ''Bacteroides'' species in the gut are complex host-derived and plant glycans. Studies indicate that long-term diet is strongly associated with the gut microbiome composition—those who eat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bacteroides Loescheii
''Bacteroides'' is a genus of Gram-negative, obligate anaerobic bacteria. ''Bacteroides'' species are non endospore–forming bacilli, and may be either motile or nonmotile, depending on the species. The DNA base composition is 40–48% GC. Unusual in bacterial organisms, ''Bacteroides'' membranes contain sphingolipids. They also contain meso-diaminopimelic acid in their peptidoglycan layer. ''Bacteroides'' species are normally mutualistic, making up the most substantial portion of the mammalian gastrointestinal microbiota, where they play a fundamental role in processing of complex molecules to simpler ones in the host intestine. As many as 1010–1011 cells per gram of human feces have been reported. They can use simple sugars when available; however, the main sources of energy for ''Bacteroides'' species in the gut are complex host-derived and plant glycans. Studies indicate that long-term diet is strongly associated with the gut microbiome composition—those who eat a hi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lillian V
Lillian or Lilian can refer to: People and fictional characters * Lillian (given name) or Lilian, including a list of people and fictional characters with the given name * Isidore Lillian (1882-1960), American Yiddish theatre playwright and lyricist Places Iran * Lilian, Iran, a village in Markazi Province United States * Lillian, Alabama * Lillian, West Virginia * Lillian Township, Custer County, Nebraska Arts and entertainment * ''Lillian'' (album), a 2005 collaboration between Alias (Brendan Whitney) and his brother Ehren Whitney * "John the Revelator / Lilian", a 2006 single by Depeche Mode * "Lilian", a song by Insomnium from ''Anno 1696'', 2023 * ''Lillian'' (film), a 2019 film Ships * USS ''Lillian II'' (SP-38), a United States Navy patrol boat in commission in 1917 * USS ''Lilian'' (1863), a United States Navy steamer in commission from 1864 to 1865 Other uses * Hurricane Lillian, two tropical cyclones See also * Lake Lillian (other) Lake L ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
University Of Cincinnati
The University of Cincinnati (UC or Cincinnati, informally Cincy) is a public university, public research university in Cincinnati, Ohio, United States. It was founded in 1819 and had an enrollment of over 53,000 students in 2024, making it the second-largest university in Ohio. It is part of the University System of Ohio. The university's primary uptown campus and medical campus are located in the List of Cincinnati neighborhoods, Heights and Corryville, Cincinnati, Corryville neighborhoods, with branch campuses located in University of Cincinnati Clermont College, Batavia and University of Cincinnati Blue Ash College, Blue Ash, Ohio. The university has 14 constituent colleges, with programs in University of Cincinnati College of Design, Architecture, Art, and Planning, architecture, Carl H. Lindner College of Business, business, University of Cincinnati College of Education Criminal Justice and Human Services, education, University of Cincinnati College of Engineering and Appli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Blood Agar
An agar plate is a Petri dish that contains a growth medium solidified with agar, used to Microbiological culture, culture microorganisms. Sometimes selective compounds are added to influence growth, such as antibiotics. Individual microorganisms placed on the plate will grow into individual colony (biology), colonies, each a cloning, clone genetically identical to the individual ancestor organism (except for the low, unavoidable rate of mutation). Thus, the plate can be used either to estimate the concentration of organisms in a Microbiological culture, liquid culture or a suitable dilution of that culture using a colony counter, or to generate genetically pure cultures from a mixed culture of genetically different organisms. Several methods are available to plate out cells. One technique is known as "Streaking (microbiology), streaking". In this technique, a drop of the culture on the end of a thin, sterilization (microbiology), sterile loop of wire, sometimes known as an inocu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Veillonella Parvula
''Veillonella parvula'' is a strictly anaerobic, Gram-negative, coccus-shaped bacterium in the genus '' Veillonella''. It is a normal part of the oral flora but can be associated with diseases such as periodontitis and dental caries as well as various systemic infections, including meningitis and osteomyelitis. It has also been isolated from women with bacterial vaginosis and has been associated with hypertension together with '' Campylobacter rectus'' and '' Prevotella melaninogenica''. ''V. parvula'' is unable to feed on carbohydrates, but can feed on lactate provided by ''Streptococcus'' species also found in the oral cavity. Specifically, ''Streptococcus mutans'' and ''V. parvula'' can form multispecies biofilms that lead to a lower susceptibility to antimicrobial treatments, resulting in periodontitis and dental caries. Antimicrobial susceptibility ''V. parvula'' bacteria are susceptible to and typically treated with metronidazole and penicillin in clinical reports. Other ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Upper Respiratory Tract
The respiratory tract is the subdivision of the respiratory system involved with the process of conducting air to the alveoli for the purposes of gas exchange in mammals. The respiratory tract is lined with respiratory epithelium as respiratory mucosa. Air is breathed in through the nose to the nasal cavity, where a layer of nasal mucosa acts as a filter and traps pollutants and other harmful substances found in the air. Next, air moves into the pharynx, a passage that contains the intersection between the oesophagus and the larynx. The opening of the larynx has a special flap of cartilage, the epiglottis, that opens to allow air to pass through but closes to prevent food from moving into the airway. From the larynx, air moves into the trachea and down to the intersection known as the carina that branches to form the right and left primary (main) bronchi. Each of these bronchi branches into a secondary (lobar) bronchus that branches into tertiary (segmental) bronchi, that bra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Campylobacter Rectus
''Campylobacter rectus'' is a species of ''Campylobacter''. It is implicated as a pathogen in chronic periodontitis, which can induce bone loss. This motile bacillus is a Gram negative, facultative anaerobe. ''C. rectus'' is associated with hypertension together with '' Prevotella melaninogenica'' and ''Veillonella parvula''. It was first described and characterized as ''Wolinella recta'' in 1981 after the bacterium was isolated from human patients with gingivitis, periodontitis, and periodontosis. The species name was changed to ''Campylobacter rectus'' in 1991 after phylogenetic analyses grouped it closely with other members of rRNA Group I ''Campylobacter''. Physiology ''C. rectus'' is gram negative, rod-shaped, and anaerobic, although growth in 5% oxygen is possible for some strains. It can use hydrogen and formate for energy, but does not metabolize carbohydrates, and can reduce nitrite. ''C. rectus'' is susceptible to multiple classes of antibiotics. The bacterium is su ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hypertension
Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, is a Chronic condition, long-term Disease, medical condition in which the blood pressure in the artery, arteries is persistently elevated. High blood pressure usually does not cause symptoms itself. It is, however, a major risk factor for stroke, coronary artery disease, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, peripheral arterial disease, vision loss, chronic kidney disease, and dementia. Hypertension is a major cause of premature death worldwide. High blood pressure is classified as essential hypertension, primary (essential) hypertension or secondary hypertension. About 90–95% of cases are primary, defined as high blood pressure due to non-specific lifestyle and Genetics, genetic factors. Lifestyle factors that increase the risk include excess salt in the diet, overweight, excess body weight, smoking, physical inactivity and Alcohol (drug), alcohol use. The remaining 5–10% of cases are categorized as secondary hypertension, d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
