Azuma Region
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Azuma Region
Azuma may refer to: Places * Azuma, historical name for eastern Japan, now called Kantō and Tōhoku region * Azuma, Gunma (Agatsuma), former village in Agatsuma District, Gunma Prefecture, Japan * Azuma, Gunma (Sawa), former village in Sawa District, Gunma Prefecture, Japan * Azuma, Gunma (Seta), former village in Seta District, Gunma Prefecture, Japan * Azuma, Ibaraki, former town in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan * Azuma, Kagoshima, former town in Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan * Mount Azuma, volcano in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan People * Azuma (name) Ships * Japanese ironclad ''Azuma'', an ironclad warship of the Imperial Japanese Navy * , an armored cruiser of the Imperial Japanese Navy Other uses * Azuma's inequality, result in probability theory * British Rail Class 800 and 801 trains as used on the East Coast Main Line in the United Kingdom See also * East (other) East is a cardinal direction or compass point. East or the East may also refer to: Places ...
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Kantō Region
The is a geography, geographical region of Honshu, the largest island of Japan. In a common definition, the region includes the Greater Tokyo Area and encompasses seven prefectures of Japan, prefectures: Chiba Prefecture, Chiba, Gunma Prefecture, Gunma, Ibaraki Prefecture, Ibaraki, Kanagawa Prefecture, Kanagawa, Saitama Prefecture, Saitama, Tochigi Prefecture, Tochigi, and Tokyo. Slightly more than 45 percent of the land area within its boundaries is the Kantō Plain. The rest consists of the hills and mountains that form land borders with other list of regions of Japan, regions of Japan. As the Kantō region contains Tokyo, the capital and largest city of Japan, the region is considered the center of Japan's politics and economy. According to the official census on October 1, 2010 by the Statistics Bureau (Japan), Statistics Bureau of Japan, the population was 42,607,376, amounting to approximately one third of the total population of Japan. Other definitions The assemb ...
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Tōhoku Region
The , Northeast region, , or consists of the northeastern portion of Honshu, the largest island of Japan. This traditional region consists of six prefectures (): Akita, Aomori, Fukushima, Iwate, Miyagi, and Yamagata. Tōhoku retains a reputation as a remote, scenic region with a harsh climate. In the 20th century, tourism became a major industry in the Tōhoku region. History Ancient and classical period In mythological times, the area was known as Azuma (, ) and corresponded to the area of Honshu occupied by the native Emishi and Ainu. The area was historically the Dewa and the Michinoku regions, a term first recorded in (654). There is some variation in modern usage of the term "Michinoku". Tōhoku's initial historical settlement occurred between the seventh and ninth centuries, well after Japanese civilization and culture had become firmly established in central and southwestern Japan. The last stronghold of the indigenous Emishi on Honshu and the site of ...
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Azuma, Gunma (Agatsuma)
was a village located in Agatsuma District, Gunma Prefecture, Japan. The village was established in 1889. As of 2003, the village had an estimated population of 2,373 and a density Density (volumetric mass density or specific mass) is the ratio of a substance's mass to its volume. The symbol most often used for density is ''ρ'' (the lower case Greek letter rho), although the Latin letter ''D'' (or ''d'') can also be u ... of 70.94 persons per km2. The total area was 33.45 km2. On March 27, 2006, Azuma, along with the town of Agatsuma (also from Agatsuma District), was merged to create the town of Higashiagatsuma. External links Higashiagatsuma official website Dissolved municipalities of Gunma Prefecture Higashiagatsuma, Gunma {{Gunma-geo-stub ...
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Azuma, Gunma (Sawa)
was a village located in Sawa District, Gunma Prefecture, Japan. The village was established in 1889. As of 2003, the village had an estimated population of 21,408 and a density of 1,185.31 persons per km2. The total area was 18.52 km2. On January 1, 2005, Azuma, along with the towns of Akabori and Sakai (all from Sawa District), was merged into the expanded city of Isesaki and no longer exists as an independent municipality A municipality is usually a single administrative division having municipal corporation, corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate. The term ''municipality' .... External links Official website of Isesaki Dissolved municipalities of Gunma Prefecture Isesaki, Gunma {{Gunma-geo-stub ...
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Azuma, Gunma (Seta)
was a village located in Seta District, Gunma Prefecture, Japan. It was one of three separate villages named ''Azuma'' ("East Village") within Gunma Prefecture. As of 2003, the village had an estimated population of 3,036 and a density Density (volumetric mass density or specific mass) is the ratio of a substance's mass to its volume. The symbol most often used for density is ''ρ'' (the lower case Greek letter rho), although the Latin letter ''D'' (or ''d'') can also be u ... of 21.45 persons per km2. The total area was 141.57 km2. The village was established in 1889. On March 27, 2006, Azuma, along with the town of Ōmama (from Yamada District), and the town of Kasakake (from Nitta District), was merged to create the city of Midori. References External links Midori official website Dissolved municipalities of Gunma Prefecture Midori, Gunma {{Gunma-geo-stub ...
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Azuma, Ibaraki
was a List of towns in Japan, town located in Inashiki District, Ibaraki, Inashiki District, Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan. As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 12,703 and a population density of 206.72 persons per km2. The total area was 61.45 km2. On March 22, 2005, Azuma, along with the towns of Edosaki, Ibaraki, Edosaki and Shintone, Ibaraki, Shintone, and the village of Sakuragawa, Ibaraki (village), Sakuragawa (all from Inashiki District, Ibaraki, Inashiki District), was merged to create the city of Inashiki, Ibaraki, Inashiki and no longer exists as an independent Municipalities of Japan, municipality. References External links Official website of Inashiki city
Dissolved municipalities of Ibaraki Prefecture {{Ibaraki-geo-stub ...
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Azuma, Kagoshima
was a town located in Izumi District, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan. As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 7,091 and the density of 99.77 persons per km2. The total area was 71.07 km2. On March 20, 2006, Azuma was merged into the expanded town of Nagashima and no longer exists as an independent municipality A municipality is usually a single administrative division having municipal corporation, corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate. The term ''municipality' .... External links Official website of Nagashima Dissolved municipalities of Kagoshima Prefecture {{Kagoshima-geo-stub ...
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Mount Azuma
is an active stratovolcano in Fukushima prefecture, Japan. It has a conical-shaped crater and as the name "Kofuji" (small Mount Fuji) suggests, Mount Azuma is similar in shape to Mount Fuji. Mount Azuma's appealing symmetrical crater and the nearby fumarolic area with its many onsen have made it a popular tourist destination. The Bandai-Azuma Skyline passes just below the crater, allowing visitors to drive to within walking distance of the crater and other various hiking trails on the mountain. There is also a visitor center along the roadway near the crater, where a collection of eateries, facilities, a parking lot, and a stop for buses from Fukushima Station are located. The Azuma volcanic group contains several volcanic lakes, including Goshiki-numa , is a cluster of five volcanic lakes situated at the foot of Mount Bandai in the center of the lake district of the Bandai Highland ( 磐梯高原, Bandai-kōgen), Kitashiobara, Fukushima, Japan. Goshiki-numa formed whe ...
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Azuma (name)
Azuma is both a Japanese surname and a masculine Japanese given name. Notable people with the name include: Surname * Fukashi Azuma ( 東 不可止, born 1966), Japanese producer and director for TV Tokyo *, Japanese shogi player *, Japanese mathematician *, Japanese manga artist *, Japanese manga artist and father of lolicon manga *, Japanese cultural critic *, Japanese footballer *, Japanese swimmer *Ronald Azuma, American engineer *, Japanese military officer *, Japanese physician and bureaucrat who served as Governor of Tokyo *, Japanese soldier *, Japanese ice hockey player *, Japanese sprinter Given name *, Japanese politician *, Japanese film director and screenwriter *, Japanese golfer Fictional characters * Kyo Azuma (東 京), a character in ''Inazuma Eleven'' * Azuma, a high-ranking courtesan in Chikamatsu Monzaemon's 1718 play The Love Suicides at Amijima * Jo Azuma (東 丈), a character in ''Genma Taisen'' *, a character in ''Yakitate!! Japan'' * Soma Azuma, ...
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Japanese Ironclad Kōtetsu
, later renamed , was the first ironclad warship of the Imperial Japanese Navy. She was designed as an armored Naval ram, ram for service in shallow waters, but also carried three guns. The ship was built in Bordeaux, Second French Empire, France, for the Confederate States Navy under the cover name ''Sphinx'', but was sold to Kingdom of Denmark, Denmark after the sale of warships by French builders to the Confederacy was forbidden in 1863. The Danes refused to accept the ship and sold her to the Confederates which Ship commissioning, commissioned her as CSS ''Stonewall'' in 1865. The ship did not reach Confederate waters before the end of the American Civil War in April and was turned over to the United States. The Tokugawa shogunate of Japan bought her from the United States in 1867 and renamed her ''Kōtetsu'', but delivery was held up by the Americans until after the Government of Meiji Japan, Imperial faction had established control over most of the country. She was finally ...
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Azuma's Inequality
In probability theory, the Azuma–Hoeffding inequality (named after Kazuoki Azuma and Wassily Hoeffding) gives a concentration result for the values of martingales that have bounded differences. Suppose \ is a martingale (or super-martingale) and :, X_k - X_, \leq c_k, \, almost surely. Then for all positive integers ''N'' and all positive reals ''\epsilon'', :\text(X_N - X_0 \geq \epsilon) \leq \exp\left ( \right). And symmetrically (when ''X''''k'' is a sub-martingale): :\text(X_N - X_0 \leq -\epsilon) \leq \exp\left ( \right). If ''X'' is a martingale, using both inequalities above and applying the union bound allows one to obtain a two-sided bound: :\text(, X_N - X_0, \geq \epsilon) \leq 2\exp\left ( \right). Proof The proof shares similar idea of the proof for the general form of Azuma's inequality listed below. Actually, this can be viewed as a direct corollary of the general form of Azuma's inequality. A general form of Azuma's inequality Limitation of ...
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British Rail Class 800
The British Rail Class 800, branded as the ''Intercity Express Train'' (IET) by Great Western Railway (train operating company), Great Western Railway (GWR) and ''Azuma'' by London North Eastern Railway (LNER) is a type of bi-mode multiple unit train built by Hitachi Rail for GWR and LNER. The type uses electric motors powered from overhead electric wires for traction, but also has diesel generators to enable trains to operate on unelectrified track. It is a part of the Hitachi A-train, Hitachi AT300 product family. The Class 800 was developed and produced, alongside an electric-only variant, as part of the Intercity Express Programme (IEP) to procure replacements for the InterCity 125 and InterCity 225 fleets of high speed trains. The trains were manufactured by Hitachi between 2014 and 2018, being assembled at Hitachi's Hitachi Newton Aycliffe, Newton Aycliffe Manufacturing Facility using bodyshells shipped from the company's Kasado Works in Japan. Similar bi-mode units hav ...
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