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Author-level Metrics
Author-level metrics are citation metrics that measure the bibliometric impact of individual authors, researchers, academics, and scholars. Many metrics have been developed that take into account varying numbers of factors (from only considering the total number of citations, to looking at their distribution across papers or journals using statistical or graph-theoretic principles). These quantitative comparisons between researchers are mostly done to distribute resources (such as money and academic positions). However, there is still debate in the academic world about how effectively author-level metrics accomplish this objective. Author-level metrics differ from journal-level metrics, which attempt to measure the bibliometric impact of academic journals rather than individuals, and from article-level metrics, which attempt to measure the impact of individual articles. However, metrics originally developed for academic journals can be reported at researcher level, such as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Citation Metrics
Citation impact or citation rate is a measure of how many times an academic journal article or book or author is cited by other articles, books or authors. Citation counts are interpreted as measures of the impact or influence of academic work and have given rise to the field of bibliometrics or scientometrics, specializing in the study of patterns of academic impact through citation analysis. The importance of journals can be measured by the average citation rate, the ratio of number of citations to number articles published within a given time period and in a given index, such as the journal impact factor or the citescore. It is used by academic institutions in decisions about academic tenure, promotion and hiring, and hence also used by authors in deciding which journal to publish in. Citation-like measures are also used in other fields that do ranking, such as Google's PageRank algorithm, software metrics, college and university rankings, and business performance indicators. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ijad Madisch
Ijad Madisch (born 7 October 1980 in Wolfsburg, Germany) is a German virologist, founder and CEO of the research network ResearchGate and member of the Digital Council (''Digitalrat'') of the Cabinet of Germany (''Bundesregierung''). Personal life Ijad Madisch was born in Wolfsburg to a Syrian family who immigrated to Germany. His elder brother is Ahmed Madisch, a professor and chief physician at Siloah hospital in Hannover. In 2000, Ijad got his Abitur from Gymnasium in Celle. Ijad Madisch plays Beachvolleyball semi-professionally. His current teammate is the former German national player Finn Dittelbach. Career From 2000 to 2007, Ijad Madisch studied medicine at the Hannover Medical School (MHH) and worked in the US at the Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Harvard Medical School. From 2002 to 2008, he studied computer sciences at the University of Hagen, but did not complete this degree. In 2007, Madisch received his doctorate from the MHH in the field o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SCIgen
SCIgen is a paper generator that uses context-free grammar to randomly generate nonsense in the form of computer science research papers. Its original data source was a collection of computer science papers downloaded from CiteSeer. All elements of the papers are formed, including graphs, diagrams, and citations. Created by scientists at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, its stated aim is "to maximize amusement, rather than coherence." Originally created in 2005 to expose the lack of scrutiny of submissions to conferences, the generator subsequently became used, primarily by Chinese academics, to create large numbers of fraudulent conference submissions, leading to the retraction of 122 SCIgen generated papers and the creation of detection software to combat its use. Sample output Opening abstract of ''Rooter: A Methodology for the Typical Unification of Access Points and Redundancy'': Prominent results In 2005, a paper generated by SCIgen, ''Rooter: A Methodology f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gaming The System
The letter of the law and the spirit of the law are two possible ways to regard rules or laws. To obey the "letter of the law" is to follow the literal reading of the words of the law, whereas following the "spirit of the law" is to follow the intention of why the law was enacted. Although it is usual to follow both the letter and the spirit, the two are commonly referenced when they are in opposition. "Law" originally referred to legislative statute, but in the idiom may refer to any kind of rule. Intentionally following the letter of the law but not the spirit may be accomplished by exploiting technicalities, loopholes, and ambiguous language. Legal research Violating the perceived intention (spirit) of the law has been found to affect people's judgment of culpability more so than the letter of the law, such that; # a person can violate the letter of the law (but not the spirit) and not incur culpability # a person can violate the spirit of the law and incur culpabil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jorge E
Jorge is the Spanish and Portuguese form of the given name George. While spelled alike, this name is pronounced very differently in each of the two languages: Spanish ; Portuguese . It is derived from the Greek name Γεώργιος (''Georgios'') via Latin ''Georgius''; the former is derived from (''georgos''), meaning "farmer" or "earth-worker". The Latin form ''Georgius'' had been rarely given in Western Christendom since at least the 6th century. The popularity of the name however develops from around the 12th century, in Occitan in the form '' Jordi'', and it becomes popular at European courts after the publication of the '' Golden Legend'' in the 1260s. The West Iberian form ''Jorge'' is on record in Portugal as the name of Jorge de Lencastre, Duke of Coimbra (1481–1550). List of people with the given name Jorge * Jorge (footballer, born 1939), Brazilian footballer * Jorge (footballer, born 1946), Brazilian footballer * Jorge (Brazilian singer), Brazilian musici ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Impact Factor
The impact factor (IF) or journal impact factor (JIF) of an academic journal is a type of journal ranking. Journals with higher impact factor values are considered more prestigious or important within their field. The Impact Factor of a journal reflects the yearly mean number of article citations published in the last two years. While frequently used by universities and funding bodies to decide on promotion and research proposals, it has been criticised for distorting good scientific practices. Impact Factor is a scientometric index calculated by Clarivate, Clarivate's Web of Science. History The impact factor was devised by Eugene Garfield, the founder of the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) in Philadelphia. Impact factors began to be calculated yearly starting from 1975 for journals listed in the ''Journal Citation Reports'' (JCR). ISI was acquired by Thomson Scientific & Healthcare in 1992, and became known as Thomson ISI. In 2018, Thomson Reuters, Thomson-Reuters ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Journal Of Scientometric Research ...
External linksList of journals on Medknow Publications website * Medknow Publications Medknow Publications also known as Wolters Kluwer Medknow or simply Medknow, is a publisher of academic journals on behalf of learned societies and associations. Previously an independent Indian publisher, Medknow is now part of within Wolters ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nature Physics
''Nature Physics'' is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Nature Portfolio. It was first published in October 2005 (volume 1, issue 1). The chief editor is David Abergel. Scope ''Nature Physics'' publishes both pure and applied research from all areas of physics. Subject areas covered by the journal include quantum mechanics, condensed-matter physics, optics, thermodynamics, particle physics, and biophysics. Abstracting and indexing The journal is indexed in the following databases: *Chemical Abstracts Service – CASSI *Science Citation Index *Science Citation Index Expanded *Current Contents – Physical, Chemical & Earth Sciences According to the ''Journal Citation Reports'', the journal has a 2021 impact factor The impact factor (IF) or journal impact factor (JIF) of an academic journal is a type of journal ranking. Journals with higher impact factor values are considered more prestigious or important within their field. The Impact Factor of a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Geometric Mean
In mathematics, the geometric mean is a mean or average which indicates a central tendency of a finite collection of positive real numbers by using the product of their values (as opposed to the arithmetic mean which uses their sum). The geometric mean of numbers is the Nth root, th root of their product (mathematics), product, i.e., for a collection of numbers , the geometric mean is defined as : \sqrt[n]. When the collection of numbers and their geometric mean are plotted in logarithmic scale, the geometric mean is transformed into an arithmetic mean, so the geometric mean can equivalently be calculated by taking the natural logarithm of each number, finding the arithmetic mean of the logarithms, and then returning the result to linear scale using the exponential function , :\sqrt[n] = \exp \left( \frac \right). The geometric mean of two numbers is the square root of their product, for example with numbers and the geometric mean is \textstyle \sqrt = The geometric mean o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
G-index
The ''g''-index is an author-level metric suggested in 2006 by Leo Egghe. The index is calculated based on the distribution of citations received by a given researcher's publications, such that given a set of articles ranked in decreasing order of the number of citations that they received, the ''g''-index is the unique largest number such that the top ''g'' articles received together at least ''g''2 citations. Hence, a ''g''-index of 10 indicates that the top 10 publications of an author have been cited at least 100 times (102), a ''g''-index of 20 indicates that the top 20 publications of an author have been cited 400 times (202). It can be equivalently defined as the largest number ''n'' of highly cited articles for which the average number of citations is at least ''n''. This is in fact a rewriting of the definition : g^2 \le \sum_ c_i as : g \le \frac1g \sum_ c_i. The ''g''-index is an alternative for the older ''h''-index. The ''h''-index does not average the number of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Annals Of Anatomy
''Annals of Anatomy'' is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering the field of anatomy, published by Elsevier under its "Urban and Fischer" imprint. It was established in 1886 by Karl von Bardeleben and until 1991 was published under the title ''Anatomischer Anzeiger'' () by Gustav Fischer Verlag. According to the ''Journal Citation Reports'', the journal has a 2022 impact factor The impact factor (IF) or journal impact factor (JIF) of an academic journal is a type of journal ranking. Journals with higher impact factor values are considered more prestigious or important within their field. The Impact Factor of a journa ... of 2.2, ranking it 9th out of 20 journals in the category "Anatomy & Morphology". References External links * {{DEFAULTSORT:Annals Of Anatomy Publications established in 1886 Elsevier academic journals Anatomy journals English-language journals Bimonthly journals 1886 establishments in Germany ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elsevier
Elsevier ( ) is a Dutch academic publishing company specializing in scientific, technical, and medical content. Its products include journals such as ''The Lancet'', ''Cell (journal), Cell'', the ScienceDirect collection of electronic journals, ''Trends (journals), Trends'', the ''Current Opinion (Elsevier), Current Opinion'' series, the online citation database Scopus, the SciVal tool for measuring research performance, the ClinicalKey search engine for clinicians, and the ClinicalPath evidence-based cancer care service. Elsevier's products and services include digital tools for Data management platform, data management, instruction, research analytics, and assessment. Elsevier is part of the RELX Group, known until 2015 as Reed Elsevier, a publicly traded company. According to RELX reports, in 2022 Elsevier published more than 600,000 articles annually in over 2,800 journals. As of 2018, its archives contained over 17 million documents and 40,000 Ebook, e-books, with over one b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
