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Audi S3
The Audi S3 is a performance version of the Audi A3 small family car, produced by German automaker Audi since 1999. S3 variants of have been produced from the first generation thru the fourth generation of Audi A3. Like all Audi S models, it is only available with quattro four-wheel drive system. __TOC__ First generation (''Typ'' 8L, 1999-2003) Overview The first generation S3 is built on the same A platform of the Audi A3, Volkswagen Golf Mk4, Audi TT, SEAT León and Škoda Octavia. The straight-4 20v 1.8 L turbocharged petrol engine comes in two versions of power output: and . Early models (1999–2001) had which is said to be a de-tuned Audi TT engine, and was said to be reduced to lessen brand competition with the more powerful TT. Later models (2001–2003) had variable valve timing and . The engine provides a maximum of torque, most of which is available from 2200 through to 5500 rpm. This is the first time a small five-valve engine has been used in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Audi A3
The Audi A3 is a small family car (C-segment) manufactured and marketed by the German automaker Audi, Audi AG since September 1996. The first two generations of the Audi A3 were based on the Volkswagen Group A platform, while the third and fourth generations use the Volkswagen Group MQB platform. __TOC__ First generation (''Typ'' 8L; 1996) Audi announced the first generation A3 (''Typ'' 8L) in June 1995. The model was launched for the European market in September 1996 and marked Audi's return to small cars after 19 years, following the demise of the Audi 50 in 1978. The A3 was the first Volkswagen Group model to use the PQ34 (or "A4") Automobile platform, platform, bearing close resemblance to the Volkswagen Golf Mk4, which arrived a year later. Within three years of the A3's launch, the PQ34 platform was utilised by seven different vehicles. Initially, the A3 was only available as a three-door hatchback; this was done to give the model a sportier image and differentiate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Audi S And RS Models
Audi S and RS models are a range of high performance versions of certain car models of the German automotive company Audi AG. These cars primarily focus on enhanced "sport" performance. Production of Audi "S" cars began in 1990 with the S2 Coupé, whilst the first "RS" car appeared four years later with the Audi RS 2 Avant. Today's S and RS models are based on the A/e-tron GT/Q models with the same number (e.g. S4/ RS 4 is based on the A4 or the RS Q3 based on the Q3), but the "Ur-S4" from 1991 to 1994 was based on the Audi 100/200 later named A6 and the first S2/ RS2 generation from 1990 to 1995 was based on the Audi 80/90 platform later replaced by the A4. History The history of road versions of Audi racing cars begins in the 1980s, from models Audi Quattro and Audi Sport Quattro made by concern Audi AG in the city of Ingolstadt. In 1983, the company Quattro GmbH was founded (since November 2016, " Audi Sport GmbH") in the city of Neckarsulm responsible for t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Audi S3 2003 Dolphingray
Audi AG () is a German automotive manufacturer of luxury vehicles headquartered in Ingolstadt, Bavaria, Germany. A subsidiary of the Volkswagen Group, Audi produces vehicles in nine production facilities worldwide. The origins of the company are complex, dating back to the early 20th century and the initial enterprises (Horch and the ''Audiwerke'') founded by engineer August Horch. Two other manufacturers (DKW and Wanderer (car), Wanderer) also contributed to the foundation of Auto Union in 1932. The modern Audi era began in the 1960s, when Auto Union was acquired by Volkswagen from Daimler-Benz. After relaunching the Audi brand with the 1965 introduction of the Audi F103 series, Volkswagen merged Auto Union with NSU Motorenwerke in 1969, thus creating the present-day form of the company. The company name is based on the Latin translation of the surname of the founder, August Horch. , meaning 'listen', becomes in Latin. The four rings of the Audi logo each represent one of fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haldex Traction
Haldex Traction is a manufacturer of intelligent all-wheel drive (AWD) systems, founded in Sweden. Since the invention of Gen I in 1998, the company produced several generations of products licensed to and customized for some major automotive brands, that in turn have marketed Haldex Traction AWD under different names. On 17 December 2010, American-based BorgWarner announced that it had signed an agreement to acquire the Traction Systems division of Haldex AB. BorgWarner completed the acquisition of the Traction Systems division on 1 February 2011. Haldex Traction Systems was incorporated in BorgWarner TorqTransfer Systems. Product history First generation – 1998 The Haldex Coupling made its first appearance in the Audi TT, Audi S3 8L and VW Golf with an electronically controlled hydraulic-mechanical all-wheel drive concept. This system attempts to engage the rear wheels when the front wheels start to slip. Second generation – 2001 The second generation of Haldex coupli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Multi-valve
A multi-valve or multivalve Four-stroke engine, four-stroke internal combustion engine is one where each Cylinder (engine), cylinder has ''more than two'' poppet valve, valves – more than the minimum required of one of each, for the purposes of air and fuel intake, and Exhaust system, venting exhaust gases. Multi-valve engines were conceived to improve one or both of these, often called "better breathing", and with the added benefit of more valves that are smaller, thus having less mass in motion (per individual valve and spring), may also be able to operate at higher revolutions per minute (RPM) than a two-valve engine, delivering even more intake an/or exhaust per unit of time, thus potentially more power (physics), power. Multi-valve rationale Multi-valve engine design A multi-valve engine design has three, four, or five poppet valves per cylinder, to achieve greater performance. In automotive engineering, any four-stroke internal combustion engine needs at least two v ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Torque
In physics and mechanics, torque is the rotational analogue of linear force. It is also referred to as the moment of force (also abbreviated to moment). The symbol for torque is typically \boldsymbol\tau, the lowercase Greek letter ''tau''. When being referred to as moment of force, it is commonly denoted by . Just as a linear force is a push or a pull applied to a body, a torque can be thought of as a twist applied to an object with respect to a chosen point; for example, driving a screw uses torque to force it into an object, which is applied by the screwdriver rotating around its axis to the drives on the head. Historical terminology The term ''torque'' (from Latin , 'to twist') is said to have been suggested by James Thomson and appeared in print in April, 1884. Usage is attested the same year by Silvanus P. Thompson in the first edition of ''Dynamo-Electric Machinery''. Thompson describes his usage of the term as follows: Today, torque is referred to using d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Variable Valve Timing
Variable valve timing (VVT) is the process of altering the timing of a Poppet valve, valve lift event in an internal combustion engine, and is often used to improve performance, fuel economy or emissions. It is increasingly being used in combination with variable valve lift systems. There are many ways in which this can be achieved, ranging from mechanical devices to electro-hydraulic and camless systems. Increasingly strict emissions regulations are causing many automotive manufacturers to use VVT systems. Two-stroke cycle, Two-stroke engines use a Two-stroke power valve system, power valve system to get similar results to VVT. Background theory The valves within an internal combustion engine are used to control the flow of the intake and exhaust gases into and out of the combustion chamber. The timing, duration and lift of these valve events has a significant impact on engine performance. Without variable valve timing (variable valve lift), the valve timing is the same for all ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Petrol Engine
A petrol engine (gasoline engine in American and Canadian English) is an internal combustion engine designed to run on petrol (gasoline). Petrol engines can often be adapted to also run on fuels such as liquefied petroleum gas and ethanol blends (such as '' E10'' and '' E85''). They may be designed to run on petrol with a higher octane rating, as sold at petrol stations. Most petrol engines use spark ignition, unlike diesel engines which run on diesel fuel and typically use compression ignition. Another key difference to diesel engines is that petrol engines typically have a lower compression ratio. History The first practical petrol engine was built in 1876 in Germany by Nicolaus August Otto and Eugen Langen, although there had been earlier attempts by Étienne Lenoir in 1860, Siegfried Marcus in 1864 and George Brayton in 1873. Design Thermodynamic cycle Most petrol engines use either the four-stroke Otto cycle or the two-stroke cycle. Petrol engines have also ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SEAT León
The SEAT León (), also spelled Leon in some other languages (named after the city of León, Spain, León, which also means "Lion" in Spanish), is a small family car built by the Spanish car manufacturer SEAT since October 1999.ETKA The first two León generations used two differing variants of the Volkswagen Group A platform, and shared many components with other Volkswagen Group cars. The third and fourth generation use the Volkswagen Group MQB platform, also used by the Audi A3#Mk3, Audi A3 Mk3 and Audi A3#Mk4, Mk4, Volkswagen Golf Mk7 and Volkswagen Golf Mk8, Mk8 and Škoda Octavia#Mk3, Škoda Octavia Mk3 and Škoda Octavia#Mk4, Mk4. First generation (1M; 1999) The Mk1 SEAT León hatchback (codename ''Typ'' 1M) launched in 1999, and was produced at Martorell, with a small number of 13,401 cars assembled in Belgium. Based on the Volkswagen Group Volkswagen Group A platform#A4, A4 (PQ34) platform, it shared components with other VW Group models such as the Volkswagen Gol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Å koda Octavia
The Škoda Octavia is a small family car (C-segment) produced by the Czech Republic, Czech Automotive industry, car manufacturer Škoda Auto since the end of 1996. It shares its name with an Škoda Octavia (1959–71), earlier model produced between 1959 and 1971. Four generations of the modern-era Octavia model have been introduced to date, delivered with five-door liftback or five-door station wagon, estate styles only. The car is front engined and both front- or four-wheel drive are offered. Around five million units have been sold in its two decades of presence on the market. The Octavia is Škoda's most popular model; about 40% of all newly manufactured Škoda cars are Octavias. The current generation is available in a wide range of derivatives, i.e. sporty Octavia RS, estate Octavia Combi, four-wheel drive Octavia Scout, frugal Octavia GreenLine and CNG-powered Octavia G-TEC. __TOC__ First generation (''Typ'' 1U; 1996) The first generation Octavia was released in No ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Volkswagen Golf Mk4
The Volkswagen Golf Mk4 (or VW ''Type 1J'') is a compact car, the fourth generation of the Volkswagen Golf and the successor to the Volkswagen Golf Mk3. Launched in October 1997 for the 1998 model year, it was the best selling car in Europe in 2001 (though it slipped to second place, behind the Peugeot 206, in 2002). The Mk4 was a deliberate attempt to take the Volkswagen Golf series further upmarket, with a high-quality interior and higher equipment levels. It was replaced in late 2003 for the 2004 model year by the Volkswagen Golf Mk5 in European markets. However, manufacturing continued in South America and China for developing markets until 2014. Design and engineering As with the larger Volkswagen Passat, Passat, launched a year earlier, the MK4 Golf helped form a part of Volkswagen, Volkswagen's strategy of moving its products upmarket to plug a gap between mainstream economy cars and premium cars, with SEAT and Å koda Auto, Å koda, two other VW Group owned marques, pois ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Audi TT
The Audi TT is a production front-engine, 2-door, 2+2 sports coupé and roadster, manufactured and marketed by Audi from 1998 to 2023 across three generations. For each of its three generations, the TT has been based on consecutive generations of Volkswagen's "Group A" platforms, starting with its "PQ34" fourth generation. The TT shares powertrain and suspension layouts with its platform mates, including the Audi A3, like a transversely mounted front-engine, powering front-wheel drive or four-wheel drive, and fully independent suspension using MacPherson struts in front. The TT's first two generations were assembled by Audi's Hungarian subsidiary, one of the world's largest engine manufacturing plants, using bodyshells manufactured and painted at Audi's Ingolstadt plant and parts made entirely by the Hungarian factory for the third generation. The last of the 662,762 Audi TTs was manufactured in November 2023. Design Styling of the Audi TT began in the spring of 1994 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
