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Anti-German Sentiment
Anti-German sentiment (also known as anti-Germanism, Germanophobia or Teutophobia) is fear or dislike of Germany, its Germans, people, and its Culture of Germany, culture. Its opposite is Germanophile, Germanophilia. Anti-German sentiment mainly emerged following the unification of Germany, and it reached its height during World War I and World War II. Prior to this the German speaking states were mostly independent entities in the Holy Roman Empire. Originally a response to the growing industrialisation of Germany as a threat to the other great powers, anti-German sentiment became mainstream in the Allied countries during both World Wars, especially the Second World War in which the Germans carried out major atrocities in regions occupied by them. Anti-German sentiment is historically specifically anti-Prussian, as the Prussian Junker (Prussia), Junkers were the main military class in the German Empire and in Nazi Germany. Anti-German and Anti-Austrian sentiment were generally ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War I-era Australian 'Anti-German League' Badge Circa 1915
The world is the totality of entities, the whole of reality, or everything that Existence, exists. The nature of the world has been conceptualized differently in different fields. Some conceptions see the world as unique, while others talk of a "plurality of worlds". Some treat the world as #Monism and pluralism, one simple object, while others analyze the world as a complex made up of parts. In #Scientific cosmology, scientific cosmology, the world or universe is commonly defined as "the totality of all space and time; all that is, has been, and will be". #Theories of modality, Theories of modality talk of possible worlds as complete and consistent ways how things could have been. #Phenomenology, Phenomenology, starting from the horizon of co-given objects present in the periphery of every experience, defines the world as the biggest horizon, or the "horizon of all horizons". In #Philosophy of mind, philosophy of mind, the world is contrasted with the mind as that which is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Union
The European Union (EU) is a supranational union, supranational political union, political and economic union of Member state of the European Union, member states that are Geography of the European Union, located primarily in Europe. The union has a total area of and an estimated population of over 449million as of 2024. The EU is often described as a ''sui generis'' political entity combining characteristics of both a federation and a confederation. Containing 5.5% of the world population in 2023, EU member states generated a nominal gross domestic product (GDP) of around €17.935 trillion in 2024, accounting for approximately one sixth of global economic output. Its cornerstone, the European Union Customs Union, Customs Union, paved the way to establishing European Single Market, an internal single market based on standardised European Union law, legal framework and legislation that applies in all member states in those matters, and only those matters, where the states ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Waterloo County, Ontario
Waterloo County was a county in Canada West in the United Province of Canada from 1853 until 1867, then in the Canadian province of Ontario from 1867 until 1973. It was the direct predecessor of the Regional Municipality of Waterloo. Situated on a subset of land within the Haldimand Tract, Waterloo County consisted of five townships: Woolwich, Wellesley, Wilmot, Waterloo, and North Dumfries. The major population centres were Waterloo, Kitchener ( known as Berlin prior to 1916), Preston, Hespeler, Blair, and Doon in Waterloo township; Galt in North Dumfries; Elmira in Woolwich; and New Hamburg in Wilmot. All are now part of the Regional Municipality. History Background Waterloo County was once one of the most densely wooded sections in North America. Oak trees three to four feet in diameter, maple, beech, elm, ash oak and great pines were common. The county, located in the northerly edge of Attawandaron land, was excellent for hunting and fishing. Haldimand Proclamation (1784� ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kitchener, Ontario
Kitchener is a city in the Canadian province of Ontario, about west of Toronto. It is one of three cities that make up the Regional Municipality of Waterloo and is the regional Administrative centre, seat. Kitchener was known as Berlin until a Berlin to Kitchener name change, 1916 referendum changed its name. The city covers an area of 136.86 km2, and had a population of 256,885 at the time of the 2021 Canadian census. The Regional Municipality of Waterloo has 673,910 people as of year-end 2023, making it the 10th-largest census metropolitan area (CMA) in Canada and the fourth-largest CMA in Ontario. Kitchener and Waterloo are considered "twin cities", which are often referred to jointly as "Kitchener–Waterloo" (K–W), although they have separate Municipal government in Canada, municipal governments. History Pre-contact indigenous history and land use Indigenous people have long lived in and around what is today Kitchener-Waterloo. During the retreat of the last glaci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Monash
General (Australia), General Sir John Monash (; 27 June 1865 – 8 October 1931) was an Australian civil engineer and military commander of the World War I, First World War. He commanded the 13th Brigade (Australia), 13th Infantry Brigade before the war and then, shortly after its outbreak, became commander of the 4th Brigade (Australia), 4th Brigade in Egypt, with which he took part in the Gallipoli campaign. In July 1916, he took charge of the newly raised 3rd Division (Australia), 3rd Division in north-western France and, in May 1918, became commander of the Australian Corps, at that time the largest corps on the Western Front (World War I), Western Front. According to historian A. J. P. Taylor, he was "the only general of creative originality produced by the First World War". Early life Monash was born in 58 Dudley Street, West Melbourne, Victoria, to Jewish parents, both from Krotoschin in the Prussian province of Province of Posen, Posen (now Krotoszyn County, Krotos ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Australian Place Names Changed From German Names
During World War I, many German or German-sounding place names in Australia Geographical renaming, were changed due to anti-German sentiment. The presence of German-derived place names was seen as an affront to the war effort at the time. The names were often changed by being anglicised (such as Peterborough, South Australia, Peterborough), or by being given new names of Aboriginal origin (Kobandilla, Karawirra) or in commemoration of notable soldiers (Herbert Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener, Kitchener and Norman Douglas Holbrook, Holbrook) or World War I battlefields (Verdun, The Somme). New South Wales Queensland South Australia The South Australian ''Nomenclature Act 1917'' authorised the compilation and gazetting of a list of place-names contained in a report of the previous October prepared by a parliamentary "nomenclature committee", and authorised the Governor of South Australia, by proclamation, to "alter any place-name which he deems to be of enemy origin to some ot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peterborough, South Australia
Peterborough is a town in the mid north of South Australia, in wheat country, just off the Barrier Highway. It was originally named Petersburg after the landowner, Peter Doecke, who sold land to create the town. It was one of Australian place names changed from German names, 69 places in South Australia renamed in 1917 due to anti-German sentiments during World War I. History The first settlers in the area purchased land from the government in 1875. The first building in the town was constructed four years later. Settler Peter Doecke transferred his land to J H Koch in 1876, who found out in 1880 that the land would be the site of a railway junction. He subdivided it and sold for £1700, after failing to get £500 per acre for it in 1879. By 1880 a hotel and post office had been erected, followed by a school in 1883, and a town hall in 1884. At the prompting of mayor W. Thredgold, a newspaper, the ''Petersburg Times'' was founded in 1887 by Robert M. Osborne, became ''The Times ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Norman Douglas Holbrook
Commander Norman Douglas Holbrook VC (9 July 1888 – 3 July 1976) was a British naval recipient of the Victoria Cross (VC), the highest award of the British honours system. Holbrook was the first submariner to be awarded the VC and it was the first naval VC gazetted in the First World War. Early life Holbrook was born on 9 July 1888 in Southsea, Hampshire, fourth son of Colonel Sir Arthur Holbrook and his wife Amelia (née Parks). Sir Arthur was the proprietor of the Portsmouth Times, founder of the Southern Daily Mail and the Hilsea-based Holbrook Printers, a deputy Lord Lieutenant and later Conservative MP for Basingstoke. He was educated privately and at Portsmouth Grammar School. In 1903, he enrolled in the officer training establishment Britannia Royal Naval College and was appointed midshipman on 9 January 1905. He joined the submarine depot ship on 4 April 1911, served in submarines , and before taking command of HMS ''B11'' on 30 December 1913. World War I Holbr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Holbrook, New South Wales
Holbrook is a small town in Southern New South Wales, Australia. It is on the Hume Highway, by road North East of Melbourne and by road south-west of Sydney between Tarcutta and Albury. The town is in the Greater Hume Shire which was established in May 2004 from the merger of Culcairn Shire with the majority of Holbrook Shire and part of the Hume Shire. At the 2016 census, Holbrook had a population of 1,715 people. The district around Holbrook is renowned for local produce including merino wool, wheat and other grains, lucerne, fat cattle and lamb. History Holbrook is on the traditional lands of the Wiradjuri people. The explorers Hume and Hovell were the first-known Europeans in the area. They travelled through in 1824 looking for new grazing country in the south of the colony of New South Wales. The town was originally called Ten Mile Creek and the first buildings were erected in 1836. A German immigrant, John Christopher Pabst, became the publican of the Woolpack Hotel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New South Wales
New South Wales (commonly abbreviated as NSW) is a States and territories of Australia, state on the Eastern states of Australia, east coast of :Australia. It borders Queensland to the north, Victoria (state), Victoria to the south, and South Australia to the west. Its coast borders the Coral Sea, Coral and Tasman Seas to the east. The Australian Capital Territory and Jervis Bay Territory are Enclave and exclave, enclaves within the state. New South Wales' state capital is Sydney, which is also Australia's most populous city. , the population of New South Wales was over 8.3 million, making it Australia's most populous state. Almost two-thirds of the state's population, 5.3 million, live in the Greater Sydney area. The Colony of New South Wales was founded as a British penal colony in 1788. It originally comprised more than half of the Australian mainland with its Western Australia border, western boundary set at 129th meridian east in 1825. The colony then also includ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Verdun, South Australia
Verdun, sometimes referred to as Grünthal Is nestled in the Adelaide Hills, Australia, lies along the road connecting Hahndorf to Balhannah. According to the 2011 Australian Census, the town recorded a population of 662 residents. Situated approximately 4 km from Hahndorf and 5 km from Bridgewater, Verdun hosts a school, a pub, and a licensed café/ restaurant housed in a building formerly used as a service station and general store. Across the road from the local pub, another café thrives, while busy restaurant named Grünthal—paying homage to Verdun's original German name—resides near the freeway. Originally known as ''Grünthal'', Verdun was named by the Prussian settlers who founded the town. However, in 1917, the town underwent a name change in remembrance of one of the bloodiest battles of the First World War—the Battle of Verdun. The Hills Christian Community School, established in February 1983, occupied the site of the former Verdun Primary School. See al ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
South Australia
South Australia (commonly abbreviated as SA) is a States and territories of Australia, state in the southern central part of Australia. With a total land area of , it is the fourth-largest of Australia's states and territories by area, which includes some of the most arid parts of the continent, and with 1.8 million people. It is the fifth-largest of the states and territories by population. This population is the second-most highly centralised in the nation after Western Australia, with more than 77% of South Australians living in the capital Adelaide or its environs. Other population centres in the state are relatively small; Mount Gambier, the second-largest centre, has a population of 26,878. South Australia shares borders with all the other mainland states. It is bordered to the west by Western Australia, to the north by the Northern Territory, to the north-east by Queensland, to the east by New South Wales, to the south-east by Victoria (state), Victoria, and to the s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
