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Amastra Nucula
''Amastra nucula'' is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Amastridae. Description The length of the shell attains 12 mm, its diameter 8 mm The shell is globose-conic and dextral, adorned with fine growth striations and subtle malleations. Its surface is a dirty whitish color, partially covered with a brown-olivaceous cuticle. There are 5½ whorls, with the first 4½ being relatively flat and the final whorl globose. The suture is subtly crenulated. The aperture is whitish, with a peristome that is noticeably thickened. The columellar fold is thin and delicate. The shell's first whorl is broken, but the second exhibits fine, closely spaced, arcuate, and somewhat sharp irregular striations. Subsequent whorls are marked by light, irregular growth wrinkles, slightly accentuated near the suture, though not to the extent of creating pronounced crenulations. The body whorl features a delicate peripheral ridge in fr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edgar Albert Smith
Edgar Albert Smith (29 November 1847 – 22 July 1916) was a British zoologist and malacologist. His father was Frederick Smith, a well-known entomologist, and assistant keeper of zoology in the British Museum, Bloomsbury. Edgar Albert Smith was educated both at the North London Collegiate School and privately, being well grounded in Latin amongst other subjects, as his excellent diagnoses bear witness. Smith married in July 1876. Subsequently, his wife and he had four sons and two daughters. He gave more prominent attention to the fauna of the African Great Lakes and the marine molluscs of South Africa, and also the non-marine mollusc fauna of Borneo and New Guinea. In the British Museum Smith was employed at the British Museum (now Natural History Museum) as an assistant keeper of the zoological department for more than 40 years, from 1867 to 1913. Edgar Smith's first work was in connection with the celebrated collection of shells made by Hugh Cuming and acquired by th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sculpture (mollusc)
Sculpture is a feature of many of the shells of mollusks. It is three-dimensional ornamentation on the outer surface of the shell, as distinct from either the basic shape of the shell itself or the pattern of colouration, if any. Sculpture is a feature found in the shells of gastropods, bivalves, and scaphopods. The word "sculpture" is also applied to surface features of the aptychus of ammonites, and to the outer surface of some calcareous opercula of marine gastropods such as some species in the family Trochidae. Sculpture can be concave or convex, incised into the surface or raised from it. Sometimes the sculpture has microscopic detailing. The term "sculpture" refers only to the calcareous outer layer of shell, and does not include the proteinaceous periostracum, which is in some cases textured even when the underlying shell surface is smooth. In many taxa, there is no sculpture on the shell surface at all, apart from the presence of fine growth lines. The sculp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lanai
Lānai is the sixth-largest of the Hawaiian Islands and the smallest publicly accessible inhabited island in the chain. It is colloquially known as the Pineapple Island because of its past as an island-wide pineapple plantation. The island's only settlement of note is the small town of Lānai City. The island is 98% owned by Larry Ellison, cofounder and chairman of Oracle Corporation; the remaining 2% is owned by the state of Hawaii or individual homeowners. Lānai has a land area of , making it the 43rd largest island in the United States. It is separated from the island of Molokai by the Kalohi Channel to the north, and from Maui by the Auau Channel to the east. The United States Census Bureau defines Lānai as Census Tract 316 of Maui County. Its total population rose to 3,367 as of the 2020 United States census, up from 3,193 as of the 2000 census and 3,131 as of the 2010 census. As visible via satellite imagery, many of the island's landmarks are accessible only by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hawaii
Hawaii ( ; ) is an island U.S. state, state of the United States, in the Pacific Ocean about southwest of the U.S. mainland. One of the two Non-contiguous United States, non-contiguous U.S. states (along with Alaska), it is the only state not on the North American mainland, the only state that is an archipelago, and the only state in the tropics. Hawaii consists of 137 volcanic islands that comprise almost the entire Hawaiian Islands, Hawaiian archipelago (the exception, which is outside the state, is Midway Atoll). Spanning , the state is Physical geography, physiographically and Ethnology, ethnologically part of the Polynesian subregion of Oceania. Hawaii's ocean coastline is consequently the List of U.S. states and territories by coastline, fourth-longest in the U.S., at about . The eight main islands, from northwest to southeast, are Niihau, Niihau, Kauai, Kauai, Oahu, Oahu, Molokai, Molokai, Lanai, Lānai, Kahoʻolawe, Kahoolawe, Maui, and Hawaii (island), Hawaii, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Endemism
Endemism is the state of a species being found only in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsewhere. For example, the Cape sugarbird is found exclusively in southwestern South Africa and is therefore said to be ''endemic'' to that particular part of the world. An endemic species can also be referred to as an ''endemism'' or, in scientific literature, as an ''endemite''. Similarly, many species found in the Western ghats of India are examples of endemism. Endemism is an important concept in conservation biology for measuring biodiversity in a particular place and evaluating the risk of extinction for species. Endemism is also of interest in evolutionary biology, because it provides clues about how changes in the environment cause species to undergo range shifts (potentially expanding their range into a larger area or b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amastra Pellucida
''Amastra pellucida'' is an extinct species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Amastridae. The species wasn't extinct at the time of discovery. It has been assessed for The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species in 1996 as extinct. Description (Original description) The length of the shell attains , its diameter . The shell is dextral, imperforate, and exceptionally fragile. It is thin, translucent, and globosely conic, with a rather acute apex. The surface is lusterless, adorned with fine incremental lines, while the apical whorls remain smooth. The coloration is light brown, with a darker apex, and the shell lacks an epidermis. It consists of 5½ somewhat convex whorls, with a moderately impressed suture. The aperture is oval and slightly oblique, with a livid-white interior. The peristome is simple and thin, while the columella is white, flexuous, and ends abruptly in a delicate lamellar plait. The animal is uniformly brown, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lip (gastropod)
In the shell of gastropod mollusks (a snail shell), the lip is the free margin of the peristome (synonym: peritreme) or aperture (mollusc), aperture (the opening) of the gastropod shell. In dextral (right-handed) shells (most snail shells are right-handed), the right side or outer side of the aperture is known as the outer lip (''labrum''). The left side of the aperture is known as the inner lip or columellar lip (''labium'') if there is a pronounced lip there. In those species where there is no pronounced lip, the part of the body whorl that adjoins the aperture is known as the parietal wall. The outer lip is usually thin and sharp in immature shells, and in some adults (e.g. the land snails ''Helicella'' and ''Bulimulus''). However, in some other land snails and in many marine species the outer lip is ''thickened'' (also called ''callused''), or ''reflected'' (turned outwards). In some other marine species it is curled inwards (''inflected''), as in the cowries such as ''Cypraea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spire (mollusc)
A spire is a part of the coiled shell of molluscs. The spire consists of all of the whorls except for the body whorl. Each spire whorl represents a rotation of 360°. A spire is part of the shell of a snail, a gastropod mollusc, a gastropod shell, and also the whorls of the shell in ammonites, which are fossil shelled cephalopods. In textbook illustrations of gastropod shells, the tradition (with a few exceptions) is to show most shells with the spire uppermost on the page. The spire, when it is not damaged or eroded, includes the protoconch (also called the nuclear whorls or the larval shell), and most of the subsequent teleoconch whorls (also called the postnuclear whorls), which gradually increase in area as they are formed. Thus the spire in most gastropods is pointed, the tip being known as the " apex". The word "spire" is used, in an analogy to a church spire or rock spire, a high, thin, pinnacle. The "spire angle" is the angle, as seen from the apex, at which a s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amastra Nigra
''Amastra nigra'' is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Amastridae. ;Subspecies: * ''Amastra humilis moomomiensis'' Pilsbry & C. M. Cooke, 1914 * ''Amastra humilis sepulta'' Pilsbry & C. M. Cooke, 1914 Description The length of the shell attains 17 mm, its diameter 11.2 mm The dextral shell is globosely acuminate, moderately solid, and composed of 6 whorls. The two lower whorls are prominently inflated, contrasting with the subulate superior whorls. The last two whorls display a rugged surface, characterized by coarse longitudinal striae intersected by irregularly spaced, revolving ridges that form rough cicatrices. The upper whorls are flattened and densely marked with pronounced longitudinal striae. The suture is simple, distinct, and well-impressed. The aperture is roundly ovate, with a short columella ending in a well-defined lamellar tooth. The shell is a yellowish-white hue, coated with a delicate black ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Body Whorl
The body whorl is part of the morphology (biology), morphology of the gastropod shell, shell in those gastropod mollusks that possess a coiled shell. The term is also sometimes used in a similar way to describe the shell of a cephalopod mollusk. In gastropods In gastropods, the body whorl, or last whorl, is the most recently formed and largest Whorl (mollusc), whorl (or revolution) of a spiral or Helix, helical Gastropod shell, shell, terminating in the Aperture (mollusc), aperture. It is called the "body whorl" because most of the body of the soft parts of the animal fits into this whorl. The proportional size of the body whorl in gastropod shells differs greatly according to the actual shell morphology. For shells in which the rate of whorl expansion of each revolution around the axis is very high, the aperture and the body whorl are large, and the shell tends to be low Spire (mollusc), spired. The shell of the abalone is a good example of this kind of shell. The opposite ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Species
A species () is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. It is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. Other ways of defining species include their karyotype, DNA sequence, morphology (biology), morphology, behaviour, or ecological niche. In addition, palaeontologists use the concept of the chronospecies since fossil reproduction cannot be examined. The most recent rigorous estimate for the total number of species of eukaryotes is between 8 and 8.7 million. About 14% of these had been described by 2011. All species (except viruses) are given a binomial nomenclature, two-part name, a "binomen". The first part of a binomen is the name of a genus to which the species belongs. The second part is called the specific name (zoology), specific name or the specific ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aperture (mollusc)
The aperture is an opening in certain kinds of mollusc shells: it is the main opening of the shell, where the head-foot part of the body of the animal emerges for locomotion, feeding, etc. The term ''aperture'' is used for the main opening in gastropod shells, scaphopod shells, and also for ''Nautilus'' and ammonite shells. The word is not used to describe bivalve shells, where a natural opening between the two shell valves in the closed position is usually called a ''gape (bivalve), gape''. Scaphopod shells are tubular, and thus they have two openings: a main anterior aperture and a smaller posterior aperture. As well as the aperture, some gastropod shells have additional openings in their shells for respiration; this is the case in some Fissurellidae (keyhole limpets) where the central smaller opening at the apex (mollusc), apex of the shell is called an orifice, and in the Haliotidae (abalone) where the row of respiratory openings in the shell are also called orifices. In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
