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Alch'ŏn
Kim Alch'ŏn (aka So Alch'ŏn, 577?–686?) was a Silla politician who served as a general during Queen Seondeok's reign, and as Sangdaedŭng from 647 to 654, during Queen Jindeok's reign. He was the first politician to serve in Silla's highest military and political office, respectively. Birth and Ancestry Little is known about Alch'ŏn's early life and ancestry. The genealogy book of the Jinju So clan suggests that Alch'ŏn was born in 577 in Saryang-bu, Gyeongju, and died in 686. According to genealogy records Alch'ŏn was also the 25th great-grandson of So Bŏldori (), who was a chief from Saro-guk, and the 14th great-grandson of King Adalla of Silla. A famous legend about Alch'ŏn's bravery relates that once, Alcheon was out in the forest together with the other . Suddenly, a tiger appeared and was about to attack them. The were terrified and started to panic, but Alcheon just smiled and attacked the tiger alone and killed it with his bare hands. Career In 636, Alch'ŏ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sangdaedŭng
Sangdaedŭng (, ''the First of Taedŭngs or Peers, Extraordinary Rank One'') or ''Sangsin'' (), was an office of the Silla state. The Sangdaedŭng was the head of the Hwabaek, Council of Nobles and was considered as the highest and most prestigious office that one could attain next to the throne itself. The position was established during Beopheung of Silla, King Beophung's 18th year as a king (531) and survived until the Silla#Decline and fall, end of Silla. Selection The ''Sangdaedŭng'' was chosen from among those men of "true bone" () lineage in Silla's strict Bone rank system, aristocratic social order. He presided over the Hwabaek, Hwabaek Council (), an advisory and decision-making committee composed of other high-ranking officials holding the office of Taedŭng (). The council's primary duties lay in rendering decisions on important state matters, such as succession to the throne and declarations of war.Lee, Ki–baik. ''A New History of Korea'' (translated by Edward W. Wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bidam
Bidam (, ? – 26 February 647) was a Silla politician who served as Sangdaedeung from 645 to 647. He is most known for leading a rebellion against Queen Seondeok of Silla, one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. Prior to his rebellion, he held the position of a Sangdaedeung (the highest official in the court). Details about his birth or achievements are vaguely known as there are no actual records containing them. However, being a Sangdaedeung, could have meant that he was part of the royal nobles or a Bone rank system#Rank, Jinggol. Revolt against Queen Seondeok of Silla On the year 645, Bidam was appointed for the highest position in the court (Sangdaedeung) by Queen Seondok. At that time, the Queen's health was deteriorating and could no longer fulfill her duties as she once did, thus leaving most of the work to Bidam. During that time, Silla was suffering from incursions from the joined forces of the Baekje and Goguryeo which took over 40 fortresses from the west part of Sil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sangdaedŭng
Sangdaedŭng (, ''the First of Taedŭngs or Peers, Extraordinary Rank One'') or ''Sangsin'' (), was an office of the Silla Silla (; Old Korean: wikt:徐羅伐#Old Korean, 徐羅伐, Yale romanization of Korean, Yale: Syerapel, Revised Romanization of Korean, RR: ''Seorabeol''; International Phonetic Alphabet, IPA: ) was a Korean kingdom that existed between ... state. The Sangdaedŭng was the head of the Council of Nobles and was considered as the highest and most prestigious office that one could attain next to the throne itself. The position was established during King Beophung's 18th year as a king (531) and survived until the end of Silla. Selection The ''Sangdaedŭng'' was chosen from among those men of "true bone" () lineage in Silla's strict aristocratic social order. He presided over the Hwabaek Council (), an advisory and decision-making committee composed of other high-ranking officials holding the office of Taedŭng (). The council's primary duties la ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kim Ch'un-ch'u
King Taejong Muyeol (603–661), born Kim Ch'un-ch'u, was the 29th ruler of Silla, one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. He is credited for leading the unification of Korea's Three Kingdoms. Background King Taejong Muyeol was born with the "sacred bone" rank of ''seonggol''. His father, Kim Yongsu (), was a son of Silla's 25th ruler, King Jinji. When King Jinji was overthrown, all royalty from his line, including Kim Yong-su, were deemed unfit to rule over the kingdom. However, as Yong-su was one of the few remaining ''seonggols'', and married a ''seonggol'' princess ( King Jinpyeong's daughter Princess Cheonmyeong), their child, Kim Ch'un-ch'u, became ''seonggol'' and thus had a claim to the throne. Kim Yong-su was a powerful figure in the government; however, he lost all of his power to , the brother of the king. In order to survive, he accepted to become a ''jingol'', the rank that was right below ''seonggol'', therefore removing the right of becoming the king for him and hi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Uija Of Baekje
Uija (595?–660, r. 641–660) was the 31st and final ruler of Baekje, one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. His reign ended when Baekje was conquered by an alliance of the rival Korean kingdom Silla and China's Tang dynasty. Background During this time, the northern Korean kingdom of Goguryeo, under the control of Yeon Gaesomun, took aggressive stances against Silla and the Tang. Silla responded by eventually allying closely with Tang China, threatening Baekje in the middle. According to the ''Samguk sagi'', Uija was the eldest son of King Mu. According to a legend in the ''Samguk yusa'', Mu was a Baekje peasant who married Princess Seonhwa of Silla (making her Uija's mother), but this is not considered orthodox history. Uija was made crown prince in January 632 and became king upon his father's death in 641. Reign Although friendly with Tang China at first, Uija soon allied with Goguryeo to attack Silla. In 642, he led a campaign against Silla and conquered some 40 c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kim Yu-sin
Kim Yu-sin (; 595 – 21 August 673) was a Korean military general and politician in 7th-century Silla. He led the unification of the Korean Peninsula by Silla under the reign of King Muyeol and King Munmu. He is said to have been the great-grandchild of King Guhae of Geumgwan Gaya, the last ruler of the Geumgwan Gaya state. This would have given him a very high position in the Silla bone rank system, which governed the political and military status that a person could attain. Much of what is known about Kim's life comes from the detailed account in the ''Samguk Sagi'', Yeoljeon 1-3, and the much briefer record in the ''Samguk Yusa'', vol. 1. Early years Kim Yu-sin was the son of General Kim Seohyeon (the second son of General Kim Mu-ryeok) and Lady Manmyeong, who was a daughter of Kim Sukheuljong (), who was the younger brother of King Jinheung. He was born in Manno county (; present-day Jincheon County) in 595, became a Hwarang warrior at just 15 and was an accomp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bone-rank System
The bone-rank system () was the system of aristocratic rank used in the ancient Korean kingdom of Silla. It was used to segregate society, and particularly the layers of the aristocracy, on the basis of their hereditary proximity to the throne and the level of authority they were permitted to wield. The idea of royal blood in other societies is a close analogue to the idea of "sacred bone" in Silla thought. Bone rank was strictly hereditary, and thus acted as a caste system. The scholar, Lee Ki-baik (1984, p. 43) considers it to have probably been adopted as part of the administrative law introduced from China and promulgated by King Beopheung in 520. However, this likely did nothing but institute in legal fact what was already a society segregated by bloodline and lineage. Although only two of the five known ranks were referred to as "bone" (골, 骨), the term "bone rank" has become widely used to describe the whole system. A person's bone rank status governed not on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jinpyeong Of Silla
Jinpyeong (; 567? – 632, reign 579 – 632) was the 26th king of Silla, one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. King Jinpyeong followed in the footsteps of his predecessor, King Jinji, by reorganizing the central ruling system of Silla. Upon the onset of a multitude of conflicts between Baekje and Goguryeo, he sent emissaries to improve relations and strengthen ties between Silla and the Chinese dynasties Sui and Tang. He is also known for his promotion of Buddhism as a spiritual guide for the kingdom and encouraging Buddhist teachings.King Jinpyeong at His 54 year long reign is the longest in Silla's history. Life King Jinpyeong was born as Kim Baek ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hwabaek Council
The Hwabaek (), or council of nobles, served as the chief royal council in Silla; it is composed of the nobles of higher rank ( Jingol) and headed by the Sangdaedeung. The Hwabaek council decided the most important state affairs, such as succession to the throne and declarations of war. Hwabaek Council(和白會議) are held only when the state has important events, attendees at the council are only nobles(群官, 百官). It was also a unanimous, not majority, system in which a single opponent would not pass the plan.Unlike Baekje was majority rule in Jeongsa Rock Council(政事巖會議) The venue for the Hwabaek Council was decided by taking turns to four sacred places in Silla. It is presumed that the king participated in the early days of the Silla. This is confirmed at the monument of Jijeung of Silla and the Monument of Beopheung of Silla. In 531 the head of the aristocracy, Sangdaedeung was appointed as the presiding, from which time the king left the meeting and the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Silla
Silla (; Old Korean: wikt:徐羅伐#Old Korean, 徐羅伐, Yale romanization of Korean, Yale: Syerapel, Revised Romanization of Korean, RR: ''Seorabeol''; International Phonetic Alphabet, IPA: ) was a Korean kingdom that existed between 57 BCE – 935 CE and was located on the southern and central parts of the Korea, Korean Peninsula. Silla, along with Paekje and Koguryeo, formed the Three Kingdoms of Korea. Silla had the lowest population of the three, approximately 850,000 people (170,000 households), significantly smaller than those of Paekje (3,800,000 people) and Koguryeo (3,500,000 people). Its foundation can be traced back to the semi-mythological figure of Hyeokgeose of Silla (Old Korean: *pulkunae, "light of the world"), of the Park (Korean surname), Park clan. The country was first ruled intermittently by the Miryang Park clan for 232 years and the Seok (Korean surname)#Wolseong, Wolseong Seok clan for 172 years and beginning with the reign of Michu of Silla, Mi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muyeol Of Silla
King Taejong Muyeol (603–661), born Kim Ch'un-ch'u, was the List of monarchs of Korea, 29th ruler of Silla, one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. He is credited for leading the unification of Korea's Three Kingdoms. Background King Taejong Muyeol was born with the "sacred bone" rank of ''Silla#Society and politics, seonggol''. His father, Kim Yongsu (), was a son of Silla's 25th ruler, Jinji of Silla, King Jinji. When King Jinji was overthrown, all royalty from his line, including Kim Yong-su, were deemed unfit to rule over the kingdom. However, as Yong-su was one of the few remaining ''seonggols'', and married a ''seonggol'' princess (Jinpyeong of Silla, King Jinpyeong's daughter Princess Cheonmyeong of Silla, Princess Cheonmyeong), their child, Kim Ch'un-ch'u, became ''seonggol'' and thus had a claim to the throne. Kim Yong-su was a powerful figure in the government; however, he lost all of his power to , the brother of the king. In order to survive, he accepted to become a '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Goguryeo
Goguryeo (37 BC – 668 AD) (; ; Old Korean: Guryeo) also later known as Goryeo (; ; Middle Korean: 고ᇢ롕〮, ''kwòwlyéy''), was a Korean kingdom which was located on the northern and central parts of the Korea, Korean Peninsula and the southern and central parts of modern-day Northeast China (Manchuria). At its peak of power, Goguryeo encompassed most of the Korean Peninsula and large parts of Manchuria, along with parts of eastern Mongolia, Inner Mongolia, and modern-day Russia. Along with Baekje and Silla, Goguryeo was one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. It was an active participant in the power struggle for control of the Korean peninsula and was also associated with the foreign affairs of neighboring polities in China and Yamato period, Japan. Goguryeo was one of the great powers in East Asia until its defeat by a Silla–Tang alliance in 668 after prolonged exhaustion and internal strife following the death of Yeon Gaesomun. After its fall, its territory was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
