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Ainu Languages
The Ainu languages ( ), sometimes known as Ainuic, are a small language family, often regarded as a language isolate, historically spoken by the Ainu people of northern Japan and neighboring islands, and formerly in parts of the Asian mainland, including the southern part of the Kamchatka Peninsula. The primary varieties of Ainu are alternately considered a group of closely related languages or divergent dialects of a single language isolate. The only surviving variety is Hokkaido Ainu, which UNESCO lists as critically endangered. Sakhalin Ainu and Kuril Ainu are now extinct. Toponymic evidence suggests Ainu was once spoken in northern Honshu and that much of the historically attested extent of the family was due to a relatively recent expansion northward. No genealogical relationship between Ainu and any other language family has been demonstrated, despite numerous attempts. Varieties Recognition of the different varieties of Ainu spoken throughout northern Japan and its s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hokkaido
is the list of islands of Japan by area, second-largest island of Japan and comprises the largest and northernmost prefectures of Japan, prefecture, making up its own list of regions of Japan, region. The Tsugaru Strait separates Hokkaidō from Honshu; the two islands are connected by railway via the Seikan Tunnel. The largest city on Hokkaido is its capital, Sapporo, which is also its only cities designated by government ordinance of Japan, ordinance-designated city. Sakhalin lies about to the north of Hokkaidō, and to the east and northeast are the Kuril Islands, which are administered by Russia, though the four most southerly are Kuril Islands dispute, claimed by Japan. The position of the island on the northern end of the archipelago results in a colder climate, with the island seeing significant snowfall each winter. Despite the harsher climate, it serves as an agricultural breadbasket for many crops. Hokkaido was formerly known as ''Ezo'', ''Yezo'', ''Yeso'', or ''Yes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Atlas Of The World's Languages In Danger
The UNESCO ''Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger'' was an online publication containing a comprehensive list of the world's endangered languages. It originally replaced the ''Red Book of Endangered Languages'' as a title in print after a brief period of overlap before being transferred to an online-only publication. History In 1992, the International Congress of Linguists (CIPL) meeting in Canada discussed the topic of endangered languages, as a result of which it formed the Endangered Languages Committee. It held an international meeting also in 1992 in Paris to place the topic before the world and initiate action. The meeting was considered important enough to come under the authority of UNESCO. At the instigation of Stephen Wurm the committee resolved to create a research center, the International Clearing House for Endangered Languages (ICHEL) and to publish the UNESCO ''Red Book of Endangered Languages'' based on the data it collected, the title being derived fr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Biratori, Hokkaidō
() is a town located in Hidaka Subprefecture, Hokkaido, Japan. The name of the town means 'between the rocky cliffs' in the Ainu language. As of October 2020, the town has an estimated population of 4,776 and a density of 6.4 persons per km2. The total area is 743.16 km2. Ainu culture The Nibutani Dam was constructed in district on the Saru River, though there was a strong objection due to a sacred meaning of the place for indigenous Ainu people. Nibutani is the site of the Ainu Cultural center. Nibutani's best known son is perhaps Shigeru Kayano, a 20th-century advocate for the Ainu people and Ainu language and culture. The cultural landscape along the Saru, consisting of Ainu traditions and modern settlement within Biratori, has been designated an Important Cultural Landscape. Demographics Per Japanese census data, the population of Biratori has declined over the past half-century. Economy Biratori is primarily an agricultural town, growing many different kinds of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Noboribetsu, Hokkaidō
is a city in Iburi Subprefecture, Hokkaido, Japan. Part of Shikotsu-Toya National Park, it is southwest of Sapporo, west of Tomakomai and northeast of Hakodate. As of September 2016, the city has an estimated population of 49,523 and a population density of 230 persons per km2. The total area is 212.11 km2. The city office is in Horobetsu. The town of Noboribetsu is at the mouth of the Noboribetsu river and is therefore a much narrower area. Geography The mountains dominate the west and north while the plains dominate around five km within the coastline. There are three towns along the Pacific Ocean: from northeast to southwest, Noboribetsu, Horobetsu and Washibetsu. These ''betsu'' are derived from "river" in the Ainu language. Noboribetsu is on the Noboribetsu River. Horobetsu and Washibetsu are on the Iburi-horobetsu River and the Washibetsu River respectively. Origin of name The name, Noboribetsu, derives from an Ainu word, ''nupur-pet,'' which means dark-colored ri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hidaka Subprefecture
is a subprefecture of Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan. The west side of the Hidaka mountains occupies most of the area. Hidaka is sparsely populated and has many of Hokkaido's natural resources. The governmental office is located in Urakawa. History *1897: Urakawa Subprefecture established. *1932: Urakawa Subprefecture renamed Hidaka Subprefecture. The name Hidaka ("sun high") is derived from the province of the same name established in 1869, which in turn was named after an unknown place in the '' Nihonshoki'', a history book written in 720. There is no direct connection between the Hidaka of the ''Nihonshoki'' and the modern Hidaka. Geography Located on the south-east coast of Hokkaido, Hidaka Subprefecture has an area of making it the 7th largest subprefecture in the prefecture and 5.8% of Hokkaido's total area. More than 80% of the area is covered with forest. The prefecture borders Tokachi Subprefecture to the north across the Hidaka Mountains. To the west is Ibu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iburi Subprefecture
is a subprefecture of Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan. Geography Located in south-central Hokkaido, Iburi stretches East-West and North-South. Iburi covers an area of . Iburi borders Oshima Subprefecture to the West, Shiribeshi, Ishikari, and Sorachi Subprefectures to the North, and Hidaka Subprefecture to the East. On its South side, Iburi has of coastline with the Pacific Ocean The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's five Borders of the oceans, oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean, or, depending on the definition, to Antarctica in the south, and is .... Municipalities Mergers History *1897: Muroran Subprefecture was established. *1922: Muroran Subprefecture was renamed Iburi Subprefecture. References External linksOfficial website {{Hokkaido-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sapporo
is a Cities designated by government ordinance of Japan, designated city in Hokkaido, Japan. Located in the southwest of Hokkaido, it lies within the alluvial fan of the Toyohira River, a tributary of the Ishikari River. Sapporo is the capital of Hokkaido Prefecture and Ishikari Subprefecture. As of July 31, 2023, the city has a population of 1,959,750, making it the largest city in Hokkaido and the largest north of Tokyo. It is the List of cities in Japan, fifth-most populous city in Japan and is Hokkaido's cultural, economic, and political center. Originally a plain sparsely inhabited by the indigenous Ainu people, there were a few trade posts of the Matsumae clan, Matsumae domain in the area during the Edo period. The city began as an administrative centre with the establishment of the Hokkaidō Development Commission, Hokkaido Development Commission headquarters in 1869. Inspired by the ancient cities of Kyoto and Heijō-kyō, it adopted a grid plan and developed around Odo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yakumo, Hokkaidō
is a town in Oshima Subprefecture, Hokkaido, Japan. As of September 2016, the town's population was estimated as 17,299, with a density of 18 persons per km2. The total area is 955.98 km2. On October 1, 2005, the town of Kumaishi was merged into Yakumo; now in the newly created Futami District. The former town of Kumaishi joined Oshima Subprefecture at the same time. Geography Yakumo is the only municipality which faces both the Sea of Japan and the Pacific Ocean. The Yakumo area and the Kumaishi area are separated by mountains. The name comes from the word "Yakumo" in the Waka composed by Susanoo-no-Mikoto. Neighboring municipalities * Hiyama Subprefecture ** Assabu ** Imakane ** Otobe ** Setana * Oshima Subprefecture ** Mori ** Oshamanbe Climate History *1881: The village of Yakumo was founded in Yamakosi District. *1902: ** Yakumo village and Yamakoshinai village were merged to form the new village of Yakumo. ** Kumaishi village was founded in Nishi Distr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oshamanbe, Hokkaidō
is a town located in Oshima Subprefecture, Hokkaido, Japan. As of 30 October 2016, the town has an estimated population of 5,694. The total land area is 310.75 km2. Geography Oshamambe faces Uchiura Bay, which is a bay of the Pacific Ocean. Neighboring municipalities * Hiyama Subprefecture ** Imakane * Iburi Subprefecture ** Toyoura * Oshima Subprefecture ** Yakumo * Shiribeshi Subprefecture ** Kuromatsunai ** Shimamaki Climate History *1864: The village of Oshamambe was founded. *1906: Oshamambe became a Second Class Village. *1923: Oshamambe became a First Class Village. *1943: Oshamambe village became Oshamambe town. Education University * Tokyo University of Science, Oshamambe Campus High school * Hokkaido Oshamambe High School Junior high school * Oshamambe Junior High School Elementary schools * Oshamambe Elementary School * Shizukari Elementary School Transportation Railway Setana Line ran from Kunnui Station. There used to be Asahihama station betwee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oshima Subprefecture
is a subprefecture of Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan. As of 2004, it had a population of 456,621 and an area of 3,715.38 km2. Hakodate Airport is located in the City of Hakodate is a Cities of Japan, city and seaports of Japan, port located in Oshima Subprefecture, Hokkaido, Japan. It is the capital city of Oshima Subprefecture. As of January 31, 2024, the city had an estimated population of 239,813 with 138,807 househol .... Geography The subprefecture is located on the Oshima Peninsula. Municipalities Mergers History *1897: Hakodate Subprefecture, Kameda Subprefecture, and Matsumae Subprefecture was established. *1899: Hakodate Subprefecture was abolished. Kameda Subprefecture was transferred to Hakodate and renamed Hakodate Subprefecture. *1903: Matsumae Subprefecture was merged into Hakodate Subprefecture. *1922: Hakodate Subprefecture changed its name to Oshima Subprefecture. External links Official website (Matsumae General Branch Office) {{H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hokkaidō Ainu
Ainu (, ), or more precisely Hokkaido Ainu (), is a language spoken by a few elderly members of the Ainu people on the northern Japanese island of Hokkaido. It is a member of the Ainu language family, itself considered a language family isolate with no academic consensus of origin. It is classified as Critically Endangered by the UNESCO ''Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger''. Until the 20th century, the Ainu languages – Hokkaido Ainu and the now-extinct Kuril Ainu and Sakhalin Ainu – were spoken throughout Hokkaido, the southern half of the island of Sakhalin and by small numbers of people in the Kuril Islands. Due to the colonization policy employed by the Japanese government, the number of Hokkaido Ainu speakers decreased through the 20th century, and it is now moribund. A very low number of elderly people still speak the language fluently, though attempts are being made to revive it. Speakers The term "Ainu" comes from the endonym of the Ainu people, ' (), me ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shiro Hattori
Shiro, Shirō, Shirow or Shirou may refer to: People *, leader of the Shimabara Rebellion *, Japanese boxer *, Japanese football player 1923–1925 *, Japanese composer *, Japanese weightlifter *, Japanese microbiologist and lieutenant general *, Japanese actor and comedian *, Japanese actor, known for the Super Sentai franchise *, Japanese artist *, Attorney General of Hawaii from 1959 *, Japanese admiral *, Japanese football player *, Japanese actor *, Japanese wrestler *, Japanese designer *, Japanese general at the Battle of Leyte *, Japanese fencer *, Japanese manga artist *, Japanese rower *, Japanese football player 1934 *, Japanese manga artist *, Japanese enka singer *, Japanese car designer *, American judo practitioner and wrestler *, Japanese music producer and composer *, Japanese judo practitioner *, Japanese actor and film director *, Japanese anime producer *, Japanese cross-country skier *, Japanese Christian minister *, Japanese television announcer *, Japanese a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
