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Agaricus Macrosporus
''Agaricus macrosporus'' is a rare, edible mushroom found from June at wood fringes and in meadows. Description The white cap is hemispherical and white when young, but later flattens out up to in diameter and becomes yellowish or tan. Its flesh is very thick. The gills are pinkish grey when young, and become brown with age. The spores measure 12 by 6 μm and are purplish-brown and almond-shaped. The stem is strong and thick, with a broad ring. It may measure in height and up to 3 cm in diameter. The flesh is white with a mild taste and a smell of aniseed, turning slowly orange when cut. Similar species It is possible to confuse this mushroom with dangerous amanitas such as '' A. phalloides'' and ''A. pantherina''. '' Agaricus excellens'' differs by its taller and slimmer stipe which is striped lengthwise. ''Agaricus augustus ''Agaricus augustus'', known commonly as the prince, is a basidiomycete fungus of the genus ''Agaricus''. It is generally edible, but bioa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marcel Bon
Marcel Bon (17 March 1925 – 11 May 2014) was one of France's best known field mycologists. He was born in Picardy in 1925 and came to mycology through general botany, and pharmacology. He lived at Saint-Valery-sur-Somme, a quaint little town on the mouth of the river Somme, in Picardy, Northern France, which was a former artists' and writers' retreat, and is now a popular tourist town. In 1987, along with two artists (John Wilkinson, and Denys Ovenden) he produced a comprehensive field guide for mycologists, ''The Mushrooms and Toadstools of Britain and North-western Europe''. His other skills were as a pianist, an artist, and a skier. Bibliography *''The Mushrooms and Toadstools of Britain and North Western Europe'', Bon M., (1987) pub. Hodder and Stoughton. ** (paperback) ** (hardback). *''Les tricholomes de France et d'Europe occidentale'', Bon. M, (1984) pub. Lechevalier (Paris). *''Fungorum Rariorum Icones Coloratae, Part 15 Corinarius'', Bon. M, (1986) pub. Lubrecht & ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amanita Pantherina
''Amanita pantherina'', also known as the panther cap, false blusher, and the panther amanita due to its similarity to the true blusher (''Amanita rubescens''), is a species of fungus found in Eurasia with poisonous and psychoactive properties. Description The cap is wide, hemispheric at first, then convex to plano-convex, deep brown to hazel-brown to pale ochraceous brown, densely distributed warts that are pure white to sordid cream, minutely verruculose, floccose, easily removable. Viscid when wet, with a short striate margin. The flesh is white, unchanging when injured. The gills are adnexed to free, close to crowded, white becoming greyish, truncate. The spores are white in deposit, smooth, broadly ellipsoid to ellipsoid to elongate, inamyloid, infrequently globose. 8–14 x 6–10 μm. The stipe is 5–15 cm long × .6–3 cm wide, subcylindric, somewhat narrowing upward, white, becoming slightly tannish in age, stuffed then hollow, finely floccos ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edible Fungi
Edible mushrooms are the fleshy fruit bodies of numerous species of macrofungi (fungi that bear fruiting structures large enough to be seen with the naked eye). Edibility may be defined by criteria including the absence of poisonous effects on humans and desirable taste and aroma. Mushrooms that have a particularly desirable taste are described as "''choice''". Edible mushrooms are consumed for their nutritional and culinary value. Mushrooms, especially dried shiitake, are sources of umami flavor. To ensure safety, wild mushrooms must be correctly identified before their edibility can be assumed. Deadly poisonous mushrooms that are frequently confused with edible mushrooms include several species of the genus ''Amanita'', particularly '' A. phalloides'', the death cap. Some mushrooms that are edible for most people can cause allergic reactions in others; old or improperly stored specimens can go rancid and cause food poisoning. Additionally, mushrooms can absorb chemica ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agaricus
''Agaricus'' is a genus of mushroom-forming fungi containing both edible and poisonous species, with over 400 members worldwide and possibly again as many disputed or newly discovered species. The genus includes the common ("button") mushroom ('' A. bisporus'') and the field mushroom ('' A. campestris''), the dominant cultivated mushrooms of the West. Taxonomy Several origins of genus name ''Agaricus'' have been proposed. It possibly originates from ancient Sarmatia Europaea, where people Agari, promontory Agarum and a river Agarus were known (all located on the northern shore of Sea of Azov, probably, near modern Berdiansk in Ukraine). Note also Greek , agarikón, "a sort of tree fungus" (There has been an ''Agaricon'' Adans. genus, treated by Donk in ''Persoonia'' 1:180.) For many years, members of the genus ''Agaricus'' were given the generic name ''Psalliota'', and this can still be seen in older books on mushrooms. All proposals to conserve ''Agaricus' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MycoBank
MycoBank is an online database, documenting new mycological names and combinations, eventually combined with descriptions and illustrations. It is run by the Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute in Utrecht. Each novelty, after being screened by nomenclatural experts and found in accordance with the ICN (International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants), is allocated a unique MycoBank number before the new name has been validly published. This number then can be cited by the naming author in the publication where the new name is being introduced. Only then, this unique number becomes public in the database. By doing so, this system can help solve the problem of knowing which names have been validly published and in which year. MycoBank is linked to other important mycological databases such as Index Fungorum, Life Science Identifiers, Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) and other databases. MycoBank is one of three nomenclatural repositories reco ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Agaricus Species
The fungal genus ''Agaricus'' as late as 2008 was believed to contain about 200 species worldwide. Since then, molecular phylogenetic studies have revalidated several disputed species, as well as resolved some species complexes, and aided in discovery and description of a wide range of mostly tropical species that were formerly unknown to science. As of 2020, the genus is believed to contain no fewer than 400 species, and possibly many more. The medicinal mushroom known in Japan as ''Echigoshirayukidake'' (越後白雪茸) was initially also thought to be an ''Agaricus'', either a subspecies of ''Agaricus "blazei"'' (i.e. '' A. subrufescens''), or a new species. It was eventually identified as sclerotium of the crust-forming bark fungus '' Ceraceomyces tessulatus'', which is not particularly closely related to ''Agaricus''. Several secotioid (puffball-like) fungi have in recent times be recognized as highly aberrant members of ''Agaricus'', and are now included here. These typical ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agaricus Augustus
''Agaricus augustus'', known commonly as the prince, is a basidiomycete fungus of the genus ''Agaricus''. It is generally edible, but bioaccumulates the metal cadmium. Taxonomy According to Heinemann's (1978) popular division of ''Agaricus'', ''A. augustus'' belongs to section ''Arvenses''. The system proposed by Wasser (2002) classifies ''A. augustus'' within subgenus ''Flavoagaricus'', section ''Majores'', subsection ''Flavescentes''. Moreover, there have been attempts to recognise distinct varieties, namely ''A. augustus'' var. ''augustus'' Fr., and ''A. augustus'' var. ''perrarus'' (Schulzer) Bon & Cappelli. The specific epithet ''augustus'' is a Latin adjective meaning noble. Description ''Agaricus augustus'' forms large and distinctive agarics. The cap shape is hemispherical during the so-called button stage, and then expands, becoming convex and finally flat, with a diameter from . The cap cuticle is dry, and densely covered with concentrically ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agaricus Excellens
''Agaricus excellens'' (French language, French: Psaliote Excellente, German language, German: Riesen-Egerling) is a rare European mushroom in the genus ''Agaricus''. Description * Cap: It is whitish yellow in color. Spread over across, it is convex and a bit flat, yellowing slightly at the center especially with age, and densely covered in minute fibrous scales of the same colour. It feels silky. * Stem / Stipe: Stem is by , white in color; the Annulus (mycology), ring is thick and white. The underside is :wikt:scaly, scaly or fibrillar. * Gills: The gills are pale-pink and free. * Spores and microscopic features: Spore print is purplish black. Spores are elliptic, measuring 9–12 x 5–7 μ. * Flesh and smell: The cap flesh is reddish-white. It tastes sweet and a bit like mushroom, smells slightly of aniseed and almond. Distribution and habitat Native to Europe, the species is commonly found in coniferous and deciduous areas and grows during late autumn to summer am ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amanita Phalloides
''Amanita phalloides'' ( ), commonly known as the death cap, is a deadly poisonous basidiomycete fungus and mushroom, one of many in the genus ''Amanita''. Originating in Europe but later introduced to other parts of the world since the late twentieth century, ''A. phalloides'' forms ectomycorrhizas with various broadleaved trees. In some cases, the death cap has been introduced to new regions with the cultivation of non-native species of oak, chestnut, and pine. The large fruiting bodies (mushrooms) appear in summer and autumn; the caps are generally greenish in colour with a white stipe and gills. The cap colour is variable, including white forms, and is thus not a reliable identifier. These toxic mushrooms resemble several edible species (most notably Caesar's mushroom and the straw mushroom) commonly consumed by humans, increasing the risk of accidental poisoning. Amatoxins, the class of toxins found in these mushrooms, are thermostable: they resist changes due t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edible Mushroom
Edible mushrooms are the fleshy fruit bodies of numerous species of macrofungi (fungi that bear fruiting structures large enough to be seen with the naked eye). Edibility may be defined by criteria including the absence of poisonous effects on humans and desirable taste and aroma. Mushrooms that have a particularly desirable taste are described as "''choice''". Edible mushrooms are consumed for their nutritional and culinary value. Mushrooms, especially dried shiitake, are sources of umami flavor. To ensure safety, wild mushrooms must be correctly identified before their edibility can be assumed. Deadly poisonous mushrooms that are frequently confused with edible mushrooms include several species of the genus ''Amanita'', particularly '' A. phalloides'', the death cap. Some mushrooms that are edible for most people can cause allergic reactions in others; old or improperly stored specimens can go rancid and cause food poisoning. Additionally, mushrooms can absor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stipe (mycology)
In mycology, a stipe () is the stem or stalk-like feature supporting the cap of a mushroom. Like all tissues of the mushroom other than the hymenium, the stipe is composed of sterile hyphal tissue. In many instances, however, the fertile hymenium extends down the stipe some distance. Fungi that have stipes are said to be stipitate. The evolutionary benefit of a stipe is generally considered to be in mediating spore dispersal. An elevated mushroom will more easily release its spores into wind currents or onto passing animals. Nevertheless, many mushrooms do not have stipes, including cup fungi, puffballs, earthstars, some polypores, jelly fungi, ergots, and smuts. It is often the case that features of the stipe are required to make a positive identification of a mushroom. Such distinguishing characters include: # the texture of the stipe (fibrous, brittle, chalky, leathery, firm, etc.) # whether it has remains of a partial veil (such as an annulus (ring) or cortina) or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Micrometre
The micrometre (English in the Commonwealth of Nations, Commonwealth English as used by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures; SI symbol: μm) or micrometer (American English), also commonly known by the non-SI term micron, is a unit of length in the International System of Units (SI) equalling (SI standard prefix "micro-" = ); that is, one millionth of a metre (or one thousandth of a millimetre, , or about ). The nearest smaller common SI Unit, SI unit is the nanometre, equivalent to one thousandth of a micrometre, one millionth of a millimetre or one billionth of a metre (). The micrometre is a common unit of measurement for wavelengths of infrared radiation as well as sizes of biological cell (biology), cells and bacteria, and for grading wool by the diameter of the fibres. The width of a single human hair ranges from approximately 20 to . Examples Between 1 μm and 10 μm: * 1–10 μm – length of a typical bacterium * 3–8 μm – width of str ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
