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Adelphobates Quinquevittaus
''Adelphobates'' is a small genus of poison dart frogs. They are found in the central and lower Amazon basin of Peru and Brazil, possibly Bolivia. It was originally erected as a sister group to the ''Dendrobates'' and ''Oophaga'' genera. The validity of the genus is still being discussed, with the alternative being "''Dendrobates galactonotus'' group" within ''Dendrobates''. One species originally placed in this genus as '' Adelphobates captivus'' has since been moved to the genus ''Excidobates'' erected in 2008. Etymology ''Adelphobates'' is from the Ancient Greek, ''adelphos'' (brother or twin) and ''bates'' (walker or climber)."Brothers" refers to Charles W. Myers and John W. Daly, two unrelated scientists directly involved with studies of the species. Biology All members have conspicuous, vibrant coloration, and smooth skin. A peculiar feature of their reproduction is that tadpoles are transported to Brazil nut capsules lying on the forest floor. Cannibalism may result if m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adelphobates Castaneoticus
The Brazil-nut poison frog (''Adelphobates castaneoticus'') is a species of frog in the family Dendrobatidae. It is endemic to the state of Pará in Brazil. The frog is believed to have received its common name from the fact that its tadpoles sometimes develop in the hard capsules of the Brazil nut tree, which are common in its range. The nuts fall to the forest floor where they are broken open by agoutis and other animals seeking the seeds, and empty husks fill with water. Description The Brazil-nut poison frog is a very small frog with a snout-to-vent length of ; females are usually larger than males. The dorsal surface is of a shiny black colour with spots and markings of white or various shades of yellow. There is a bright yellow or orange spot where the foreleg joins the body and two more similarly coloured spots on either side of the knee joint on the hind leg, which combine to make a single large spot when the animal is stationary. A further spot on the underside of the ca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tadpole
A tadpole or polliwog (also spelled pollywog) is the Larva, larval stage in the biological life cycle of an amphibian. Most tadpoles are fully Aquatic animal, aquatic, though some species of amphibians have tadpoles that are terrestrial animal, terrestrial. Tadpoles have some fish-like features that may not be found in adult amphibians, such as a lateral line, gills and swimming tails. As they undergo metamorphosis, they start to develop functional lungs for breathing air, and the diet of tadpoles changes drastically. A few amphibians, such as some members of the frog family Brevicipitidae, undergo direct development i.e., they do not undergo a free-living larval stage as tadpoles instead emerging from eggs as fully formed "froglet" miniatures of the adult morphology (biology), morphology. Some other species hatch into tadpoles underneath the skin of the female adult or are kept in a pouch until after metamorphosis. Having no hard skeletons, it might be expected that tadpole fos ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Poison Dart Frogs
Poison dart frog (also known as dart-poison frog, poison frog or formerly known as poison arrow frog) is the common name of a group of frogs in the family Dendrobatidae which are native to tropical Central and South America. These species are diurnal and often have brightly colored bodies. This bright coloration is correlated with the toxicity of the species, making them aposematic. Some species of the family Dendrobatidae exhibit extremely bright coloration along with high toxicity — a feature derived from their diet of ants, mites and termites— while species which eat a much larger variety of prey have cryptic coloration with minimal to no amount of observed toxicity. Many species of this family are threatened due to human infrastructure encroaching on their habitats. These amphibians are often called "dart frogs" due to the aboriginal South Americans' use of their toxic secretions to poison the tips of blowdarts. However, out of over 170 species, only four have bee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adelphobates
''Adelphobates'' is a small genus of poison dart frogs. They are found in the central and lower Amazon basin of Peru and Brazil, possibly Bolivia. It was originally erected as a sister group to the '' Dendrobates'' and '' Oophaga'' genera. The validity of the genus is still being discussed, with the alternative being "''Dendrobates galactonotus'' group" within '' Dendrobates''. One species originally placed in this genus as '' Adelphobates captivus'' has since been moved to the genus '' Excidobates'' erected in 2008. Etymology ''Adelphobates'' is from the Ancient Greek, ''adelphos'' (brother or twin) and ''bates'' (walker or climber)."Brothers" refers to Charles W. Myers and John W. Daly, two unrelated scientists directly involved with studies of the species. Biology All members have conspicuous, vibrant coloration, and smooth skin. A peculiar feature of their reproduction is that tadpole A tadpole or polliwog (also spelled pollywog) is the Larva, larval stage in the biol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adelphobates Quinquevittatus
''Adelphobates quinquevittatus'' (Rio Madeira poison frog or more ambiguously, Amazonian poison frog) is a species of frog in the family Dendrobatidae found in the Rio Madeira drainage in the southern Amazon Basin in Brazil and Bolivia. Most records of this species before 1990 refer to '' Ranitomeya ventrimaculata''. Habitat Scientists have observed this frog on the leaf litter in tropical rainforests. Its known range includes protected parks, including Parque Estadual de Guajará-Mirím. Reproduction The female frog lays eggs on the leaf litter. After the eggs hatch, the adult frogs carry the tadpoles to water, such as that in bromeliad plants and in the husks of Brazil nut The Brazil nut (''Bertholletia excelsa'') is a South American tree in the family Lecythidaceae, and it is also the name of the tree's commercially harvested edible seeds. It is one of the largest and longest-lived trees in the Amazon rainforest. ...s. Threats The IUCN classifies this frog as least con ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adelphobates Galactonotus
''Adelphobates galactonotus'' (splash-backed poison frog or splashback poison frog) is a species of poison dart frog. It is Endemism, endemic to the rainforest of the southern Amazon Basin in Brazil. Habitat The frog's natural habitats are tropical moist lowland forests, where it has been observed as high as 600 meters above sea level. It seems to prefer forest habitats with large numbers of Brazil nut trees. The eggs are laid on the ground. After the eggs hatch, the adult frogs carry the tadpoles to water. Scientists believe this may include water collected in Brazil nut husks. The frog's known range includes many protected areas. Threats The IUCN classifies this frog as least concern of extinction and notes that it has shown some tolerance to habitat disturbance. Though it remains widespread and locally common, it is threatened by habitat loss and has already disappeared from some localities due to deforestation and flooding caused by hydroelectric dams. The species is relati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brian Houghton Hodgson
Brian Houghton Hodgson (1 February 1801 – 23 May 1894) was a pioneer natural history, naturalist and ethnologist working in India and Nepal where he was a British Resident (title), Resident. He described numerous species of birds and mammals from the Himalayas, and several birds were named after him by others such as Edward Blyth. He was a scholar of Newar Buddhism and wrote extensively on a range of topics relating to linguistics and religion. He was an opponent of the British proposal to introduce English as the official medium of instruction in Indian schools. Early life Hodgson was the second of seven children of Brian Hodgson (1766–1858) and his wife Catherine (1776–1851), and was born at Lower Beech, Prestbury, Cheshire. His father lost money in a bad bank investment and had to sell their home at Lower Beech. A great-aunt married to Beilby Porteus, the Bishop of London, helped them but the financial difficulties were great. Hodgson's father worked as a warden of the M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Allopumiliotoxin 267A
Allopumiliotoxin 267A is a toxin found in the skin of several poison frogs of the family ''Dendrobates''. It is a member of the class of compounds known as allopumiliotoxins. The frogs produce the toxin by modifying the original version, pumiliotoxin 251D. It has been tested on mice and found to be five times more potent than the former version. It has been produced synthetically through a variety of different routes. See also * Pumiliotoxin * Allopumiliotoxin Allopumiliotoxins are a structural division in the pumiliotoxin-A class of alkaloids. The compounds of the pumiliotoxin-A class are primarily found in the skins of frogs, toads, and other amphibians and are used as a chemical defense mechanism to ... References {{Poison frog alkaloids Amphibian toxins Alkaloids Ion channel toxins Vicinal diols Vertebrate toxins ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pumiliotoxin 251D
Pumiliotoxin 251D is a toxic organic compound. It is found in the skin of poison frogs from the genera '' Dendrobates'', ''Epipedobates'', '' Minyobates'', and ''Phyllobates'' and toads from the genus '' Melanophryniscus''. Its name comes from the pumiliotoxin family (PTXs) and its molecular mass of 251 daltons. When the toxin enters the bloodstream through cuts in the skin or by ingestion, it can cause hyperactivity, convulsions, cardiac arrest and ultimately death. It is especially toxic to arthropods (e.g. mosquitoes), even at low (naturally occurring) concentrations. Chemical properties Structure The chiral centers in pumiliotoxin 251D can give several stereoisomers of the compound. Only one form of the toxin is present in nature and has toxic properties. Two enantiomers of pumiliotoxin 251D. On the left the plus enantiomer is shown which is toxic. On the right side the minus enantiomer, which is not toxic, is shown. The side chain conformation of substituents at the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brazil Nut
The Brazil nut (''Bertholletia excelsa'') is a South American tree in the family Lecythidaceae, and it is also the name of the tree's commercially harvested edible seeds. It is one of the largest and longest-lived trees in the Amazon rainforest. The fruit and its nutshell – containing the edible Brazil nut – are relatively large and weigh as much as in total. As food, Brazil nuts are notable for diverse content of micronutrients, especially a high amount of selenium. The wood of the Brazil nut tree is prized for its quality in carpentry, flooring, and heavy construction. Common names In Portuguese-speaking countries, like Brazil, they are variously called "" - Folder EmbrapaCOSTA, J. R. (et al.Uma das espécies nativas mais valiosas da floresta amazônica de terra firme é a castanha-do-brasil ou castanha-da-amazônia (''Bertholletia excelsa'') - Acta Amazônica vol. 39(4) 2009: 843 - 850 (meaning "cashew from Brazil" in Portuguese), "" (meaning "cashew from Pará" in Po ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John W
John is a common English name and surname: * John (given name) * John (surname) John may also refer to: New Testament Works * Gospel of John, a title often shortened to John * First Epistle of John, often shortened to 1 John * Second Epistle of John, often shortened to 2 John * Third Epistle of John, often shortened to 3 John People * John the Baptist (died ), regarded as a prophet and the forerunner of Jesus Christ * John the Apostle (died ), one of the twelve apostles of Jesus Christ * John the Evangelist, assigned author of the Fourth Gospel, once identified with the Apostle * John of Patmos, also known as John the Divine or John the Revelator, the author of the Book of Revelation, once identified with the Apostle * John the Presbyter, a figure either identified with or distinguished from the Apostle, the Evangelist and John of Patmos Other people with the given name Religious figures * John, father of Andrew the Apostle and Saint Peter * Pope John (disambigu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dendrobates Castaneoticus
The Brazil-nut poison frog (''Adelphobates castaneoticus'') is a species of frog in the family Dendrobatidae. It is endemic to the state of Pará in Brazil. The frog is believed to have received its common name from the fact that its tadpoles sometimes develop in the hard capsules of the Brazil nut tree, which are common in its range. The nuts fall to the forest floor where they are broken open by agoutis and other animals seeking the seeds, and empty husks fill with water. Description The Brazil-nut poison frog is a very small frog with a snout-to-vent length of ; females are usually larger than males. The dorsal surface is of a shiny black colour with spots and markings of white or various shades of yellow. There is a bright yellow or orange spot where the foreleg joins the body and two more similarly coloured spots on either side of the knee joint on the hind leg, which combine to make a single large spot when the animal is stationary. A further spot on the underside of the ca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
