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Adam Of Acre
Adam of Acre was the bishop of Banias from 1140 until 1160. Adam was originally the archdeacon of the Diocese of Acre. Acre was one of the largest cities in the Kingdom of Jerusalem, and historian Bernard Hamilton presumes that Adam was experienced in church administration. A career in church administration was regarded as particularly significant for clerics who aspired to be appointed to bishoprics. Thus, when King Fulk captured Banias in 1140, the same year Adam was consecrated as the first Latin bishop of Banias. He is the only archdeacon of a lesser episcopal see from the crusader states who became a bishop. With other bishops and archbishops of the kingdom, Adam took part in a synod convoked in 1156 at the Church of the Holy Sepulchre by the Latin patriarch of Jerusalem, Fulcher of Angoulême. Fulcher was incensed by the apparent insubordination of the Prior and the canons the Mount of Olives, and the synod found against them. They were sentenced to walk barefoot f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bishop Of Banias
The diocese of Banias was an episcopal see centered on Banias in the region of Syria. It was originally an Eastern Orthodox see. In 1140 Banias was captured by King Fulk of Jerusalem. The same year Adam of Acre became the first Roman Catholic bishop to be installed in Banias. Archaeologist Denys Pringle assumes that a cathedral church was constructed in Banias, but its location has not yet been determined. The Latin bishop of Banias was a suffragan to the archbishop of Tyre. Of all the bishops in the kingdom, only the bishop of Banias, the bishop of Beirut, and the archbishop of Petra were exempt from providing sergeants to the royal army. The bishop's power declined when, in 1157, the lord of Banias, Humphrey II of Toron, granted half of Banias to the Order of the Hospital. In 1164 Banias was conquered by Nur ad-Din Zengi, becoming the first diocese in the Kingdom of Jerusalem to be lost to the Muslims. The incumbent bishop, John, was not in Banias at the time and continued to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fulcher Of Angoulême
Fulk (or Fulcher) of Angoulême was the Latin patriarch of Jerusalem from 1146 to his death in 1157. Fulk came from Angoulême. According to William of Tyre, he was "religious and God-fearing, possessed of little learning, but a faithful man and a lover of discipline." In France he had been abbot of Cellefrouin, and came to Jerusalem during the papal schism between Innocent II and Anacletus II in 1131, as the bishop of Angoulême favoured Anacletus and Fulk favoured Innocent. In Jerusalem he served as a canon of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, and in 1134 he succeeded William I, an Englishman and former prior of the Holy Sepulchre,This William was prior of the Holy Sepulchre from around 1123 until 1128, the year he was elected archbishop of Tyre. William the Englishman was succeeded as prior by William of Malines, who went on to become patriarch in 1130. See William of Tyre, "A History of Deeds Done beyond the Sea", vol. 2, bk. 13, ch. 23, 26, pp. 35-36 and 43. as archbishop o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bishop Of Banias
The diocese of Banias was an episcopal see centered on Banias in the region of Syria. It was originally an Eastern Orthodox see. In 1140 Banias was captured by King Fulk of Jerusalem. The same year Adam of Acre became the first Roman Catholic bishop to be installed in Banias. Archaeologist Denys Pringle assumes that a cathedral church was constructed in Banias, but its location has not yet been determined. The Latin bishop of Banias was a suffragan to the archbishop of Tyre. Of all the bishops in the kingdom, only the bishop of Banias, the bishop of Beirut, and the archbishop of Petra were exempt from providing sergeants to the royal army. The bishop's power declined when, in 1157, the lord of Banias, Humphrey II of Toron, granted half of Banias to the Order of the Hospital. In 1164 Banias was conquered by Nur ad-Din Zengi, becoming the first diocese in the Kingdom of Jerusalem to be lost to the Muslims. The incumbent bishop, John, was not in Banias at the time and continued to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John (bishop Of Banyas)
John was the bishop of Banias in the Kingdom of Jerusalem from 1161 until his death in 1170. John was appointed to succeed Adam of Acre, the first Latin bishop of Banias. In 1164 the Damascene ruler Nur ad-Din Zengi besieged Banias. Neither John nor the lord of Banias, Humphrey II of Toron, were present. The defense was instead commanded by Humphrey's knight, Walter of Quesnoy. On 18 October Banias fell. King Amalric and the master of the Knights Hospitaller, Bertrand of Blancfort, alleged treason. Archbishop William of Tyre names the alleged traitors as Walter of Quesnoy and a priest named Roger, who were supposedly bribed, but William is not convinced by the allegation. John was henceforth unable to reside in his diocese, and became essentially an auxiliary bishop to the archbishop of Tyre, to whom he was also a suffragan. John continued to hold the title of bishop of Banias, and there was hope among the Latins that Banias might be recovered. In 1169 the patriarch of Jerus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Order Of The Hospital
The Order of Knights of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem ( la, Ordo Fratrum Hospitalis Sancti Ioannis Hierosolymitani), commonly known as the Knights Hospitaller (), was a medieval and early modern Catholic military order. It was headquartered in the Kingdom of Jerusalem until 1291, on the island of Rhodes from 1310 until 1522, in Malta from 1530 until 1798 and at Saint Petersburg from 1799 until 1801. Today several organizations continue the Hospitaller tradition, specifically the mutually recognized orders of St. John, which are the Sovereign Military Order of Malta, the Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of Saint John, the Bailiwick of Brandenburg of the Chivalric Order of Saint John, the Order of Saint John in the Netherlands, and the Order of Saint John in Sweden. The Hospitallers arose in the early 12th century, during the time of the Cluniac movement (a Benedictine Reform movement). Early in the 11th century, merchants from Amalfi founded a hospital ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Humphrey II Of Toron
Humphrey II of Toron (1117 – 22 April 1179) was lord of Toron and constable of the Kingdom of Jerusalem. He was the son of Humphrey I of Toron. Humphrey had become lord of Toron sometime before 1140 when he married the daughter of Renier Brus, lord of Banias (the Herodian city of Caesarea Philippi). Through this marriage, Banias was added to Toron. Humphrey became castellan of Hebron in 1149 when Hebron became a domain of the royal family of Jerusalem. In 1153 he became constable of Jerusalem when Baldwin III of Jerusalem became sole ruler after a struggle with his mother Melisende. That year he was present with the king at the Siege of Ascalon. Humphrey was defeated by Nur ad-Din at Banias in 1157 and was besieged in its castle until Baldwin III arrived to lift the siege. That year Humphrey also sold Banias and Chastel Neuf to the Knights Hospitaller (Chastel Neuf was captured by Nur ad-Din in 1167). Also in 1157 he helped negotiate the marriage of Baldwin III and Theodora, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lord Of Banias
The Crusader state of the Kingdom of Jerusalem, created in 1099, was divided into a number of smaller seigneuries. According to the 13th-century jurist John of Ibelin, the four highest crown vassals (referred to as barons) in the kingdom proper were the count of Jaffa and Ascalon, the prince of Galilee, the lord of Sidon, and the lord of Oultrejordain. There were also a number of independent seigneuries, and some land held under direct royal control, such as Jerusalem itself, Acre and Tyre. Northern states Aside from the Kingdom of Jerusalem, there were also three other major Crusader states in the Near East: *County of Edessa *County of Tripoli *Principality of Antioch These states nominally bore some dependency on the kingdom of Jerusalem. The king of Jerusalem was bound to reconcile them in case of disputes, or between a vassal prince and the Latin patriarch of Antioch, and could claim the regency in case of a vacancy or minority in their successions. Edessa was perhaps ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jerusalem
Jerusalem (; he, יְרוּשָׁלַיִם ; ar, القُدس ) (combining the Biblical and common usage Arabic names); grc, Ἱερουσαλήμ/Ἰεροσόλυμα, Hierousalḗm/Hierosóluma; hy, Երուսաղեմ, Erusałēm. is a city in Western Asia. Situated on a plateau in the Judaean Mountains between the Mediterranean Sea, Mediterranean and the Dead Sea, it is one of the List of oldest continuously inhabited cities, oldest cities in the world and is considered to be a holy city for the three major Abrahamic religions: Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Both Israelis and Palestinians claim Jerusalem as their Capital city, capital, as Israel maintains its primary governmental institutions there and the State of Palestine ultimately foresees it as its seat of power. Because of this dispute, Status of Jerusalem, neither claim is widely recognized internationally. Throughout History of Jerusalem, its long history, Jerusalem has been destroyed at least twice, Sie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Suffragan
A suffragan bishop is a type of bishop in some Christian denominations. In the Anglican Communion, a suffragan bishop is a bishop who is subordinate to a metropolitan bishop or diocesan bishop (bishop ordinary) and so is not normally jurisdictional in their role. Suffragan bishops may be charged by a metropolitan to oversee a suffragan diocese and may be assigned to areas which do not have a cathedral of their own. In the Catholic Church, a suffragan bishop instead leads a diocese within an ecclesiastical province other than the principal diocese, the metropolitan archdiocese; the diocese led by the suffragan is called a suffragan diocese. Anglican Communion In the Anglican churches, the term applies to a bishop who is assigned responsibilities to support a diocesan bishop. For example, the Bishop of Jarrow is a suffragan to the diocesan Bishop of Durham. Suffragan bishops in the Anglican Communion are nearly identical in their role to auxiliary bishops in the Roman Catholic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peter Of Barcelona
Peter of Aragon ( an, Pero, es, Pedro, ca, Pere; 4 May 1152 - c.1164Bruno Aguilera Barchet, ''A History of Western Public Law: Between Nation and State'', (Springer, 2015), 159.) was the oldest child of Queen Petronilla of Aragon and her husband, Ramon Berenguer IV, Count of Barcelona. He inherited, after his father's death, Cerdagne, Carcassonne and Narbonne.Fredric L. Cheyette, ''Ermengard of Narbonne and the World of the Troubadours'', (Cornell University Press, 2001), 253. Not much information about Peter survives, but it is known for sure that he existed. The ''Corónicas Navarras'' names all of Petronilla's children, in order, as ''don Pedro...el rey don Alfonso, que ovo nombre Remón Belenguer et el conte don Pedro de Provença et el conte don Sancho et a la muller del rey don Sancho de Portugal''., p. 31 Peter was named Count of Cerdanya, Carcassonne and Narbonne. Some sources state that Peter died in 1157, sometime after King Alfonso VII of León and Castile died. This ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Archbishop Of Tyre
The see of Tyre was one of the most ancient dioceses in Christianity. The existence of a Christian community there already in the time of Saint Paul is mentioned in the Acts of the Apostles. Seated at Tyre, which was the capital of the Roman province of Phoenicia Prima, the bishopric was a metropolitan see. Its position was briefly challenged by the see of Berytus in the mid-5th century; but after 480/1 the metropolitan of Tyre established himself as the first ('' protothronos'') of all the metropolitans subject to the Patriarch of Antioch. In the summer of 2017 a Greek inscription, five-metres long, naming Irenaeus as bishop of Tyre, was found west of the Sea of Galilee, in an excavation co-directed by historian Jacob Ashkenazi and archaeologist Mordechai Aviam. Since the inscription provides the date of the church's completion as 445, it gives credence to a date as early as 444 CE for his ordination. History Communion with the see of Rome was broken following the East–West S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Penance
Penance is any act or a set of actions done out of repentance for sins committed, as well as an alternate name for the Catholic, Lutheran, Eastern Orthodox, and Oriental Orthodox sacrament of Reconciliation or Confession. It also plays a part in confession among Anglicans and Methodists, in which it is a rite, as well as among other Protestants. The word ''penance'' derives from Old French and Latin ''paenitentia'', both of which derive from the same root meaning repentance, the desire to be forgiven (in English see contrition). Penance and repentance, similar in their derivation and original sense, have come to symbolize conflicting views of the essence of repentance, arising from the controversy as to the respective merits of "faith" and " good works". Word derivations occur in many languages. According to dictionary definitions, the primary meaning of ''penance'' is the deeds done out of ''penitence'', which also focuses more on the external actions than does ''repe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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