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Abu Muhammad Al-Sufyani
Ziyād ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn Yazīd ibn Muʿāwiya (), commonly known as Abū Muḥammad al-Sufyānī () was an Umayyad prince and a pretender to the Umayyad Caliphate, which had been overthrown by the Iraq-based Abbasid Caliphate in early 750. Abu Muhammad was a great-grandson of the first Umayyad caliph, Mu'awiya I, and thus belonged to the Sufyanid () line of the Umayyad family, which ruled the caliphate between 661 and 684, after which they were succeeded by the Marwanid line. The last Umayyad caliph, Marwan II (), imprisoned Abu Muhammad until releasing him at the end of his reign, when the Abbasids routed his army at the Battle of the Zab in 750. To counter the ascendant Abbasids, Abu Muhammad and his tribal supporters from the Banu Kalb and the wider Yaman of Homs and Palmyra joined forces with their traditional rivals, the Qays under Abu al-Ward. Abu Muhammad claimed the mantle of the caliphate and took on the messianic role of the 'Sufyani', who would deliver a g ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abu Al-Ward
Majzaʾa ibn al-Kawthar ibn Zufar ibn al-Ḥārith al-Kilābī (; died 750), commonly known as Abū al-Ward (also transliterated ''Abūʾl-Ward''), was a mid-8th century Umayyad governor of Jund Qinnasrin in Syria. He was a cavalry commander of Umayyad Caliph Marwan II and later the leader of a rebellion against the Abbasid Caliphate in Syria which aimed to reestablish the Umayyad Caliphate in 750. Biography Abu al-Ward belonged to the Banu 'Amir ibn Sa'sa'a tribe and was a grandson of the chief, Zufar ibn al-Harith al-Kilabi, who had rebelled against the Umayyad caliph Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan (r. 685–705). During the Third Fitna, a series of civil wars and uprisings against the Umayyad Caliphate, Abu al-Ward became a strong supporter of Caliph Marwan II (r. 744–750). He was appointed the governor of the Jund Qinnasrin district (in modern northern Syria). In 745 Abu al-Ward was dispatched to the Ghouta oasis near Damascus to aid the governor of Jund Dimashq (Damascus), Zamil i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Balami - Tarikhnama - Abu'l-'Abbas Al-Saffah Is Proclaimed The First 'Abbasid Caliph (cropped)
Abu Ali Muhammad Bal'ami (, died 992/997 CE), also called Amirak Bal'ami () and Bal'ami-i Kuchak (, "Bal'ami the Younger"), was a 10th-century Persian people, Persian historian, writer, and vizier to the Samanid Empire, Samanids. He was from the influential Bal'ami family. Biography He was born in Lashjerd in the district of Merv, then part of the Samanid Empire. He was the son of Abu'l-Fadl al-Bal'ami (also called Bal'ami-i Buzurg; "Bal'ami the Elder"). Muhammad Bal'ami was appointed vizier late in the reign of Abd al-Malik I (Samanid emir), Abd al-Malik I (r. 954-961) and kept holding the office under Abd al-Malik's successor, Mansur I (r. 961-976). According to Gardizi, Bal'ami died in March 974 while serving in office, but according to the Persian historian al-Utbi, he was later from removed the vizierate office, and was reappointed later as the vizier of Nuh II (r. 976-997), but chose to retire in 992, dying in an unknown date before 997. Work Bal'ami most famous work ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Greater Khorasan
KhorasanDabeersiaghi, Commentary on Safarnâma-e Nâsir Khusraw, 6th Ed. Tehran, Zavvâr: 1375 (Solar Hijri Calendar) 235–236 (; , ) is a historical eastern region in the Iranian Plateau in West Asia, West and Central Asia that encompasses western and northern Afghanistan, northeastern Iran, the eastern halves of Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan, western Tajikistan, and portions of Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan. The extent of the region referred to as ''Khorasan'' varied over time. In its stricter historical sense, it comprised the present territories of Khorasan Province, northeastern Iran, parts of Afghanistan and southern parts of Central Asia, extending as far as the Amu Darya (Oxus) river. However, the name has often been used in a loose sense to include a wider region that included most of Transoxiana (encompassing Bukhara and Samarqand in present-day Uzbekistan), extended westward to the Caspian Sea, Caspian coast and to the Dasht-e Kavir southward to Sistan, and eastward to t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Asbagh Ibn Dhu'ala Al-Kalbi
Al-Asbagh ibn Dhu'ala al-Kalbi () was an Umayyad commander and a warlord of the Banu Kalb tribe in Palmyra who played a prominent role in the Third Muslim Civil War (744–750) and afterward was a leader of the revolt of the Umayyad prince Abu Muhammad al-Sufyani against the Abbasids in 750–751. Early career Al-Asbagh was of the Banu Kalb tribe of Palmyra and thus a member of the Yaman military faction opposed to the Qays (see Qays–Yaman rivalry). He served as a commander under the Umayyad general Asad ibn Abdallah al-Qasri in Khurasan, a province in the far east of the Caliphate, in 737. He was later posted to Kufa in Iraq in 739 or 740. Role in the Third Muslim Civil War Al-Asbagh later participated in the conspiracy to kill the Umayyad caliph al-Walid II, who acceded in 743. The latter had essentially sold the champion of the Yaman, Asad's brother Khalid al-Qasri, to the Qaysi governor of Iraq, Yusuf ibn Umar al-Thaqafi, who had Khalid tortured and executed in late 743. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abd Allah Ibn Ali
Abū Muḥammad ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAlī (; – 764 CE) was a member of the Abbasid dynasty, and played a leading role in its rise to power during the Abbasid Revolution. As governor of Syria, he consolidated Abbasid control over the province, eliminating the remnants of the Umayyad dynasty and suppressing pro-Umayyad uprisings. After the death of his nephew and first Abbasid caliph, al-Saffah, in 754, he launched a bid for the caliphal title against al-Saffah's brother, al-Mansur, but was defeated and imprisoned. He was killed in 764. Role in the Abbasid Revolution Abd Allah was a member of the Abbasid family, and uncle to the first two Abbasid caliphs, al-Saffah () and al-Mansur (). By early 749, the anti-Umayyad uprising that had begun under Abu Muslim in Khurasan had prevailed in the eastern lands of the Caliphate, and the Khurasani armies swept west across Persia to the borders of Iraq. In October 749, al-Saffah was proclaimed Caliph at Kufa, and quickly gained the acceptan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Harran
Harran is a municipality and Districts of Turkey, district of Şanlıurfa Province, Turkey. Its area is 904 km2, and its population is 96,072 (2022). It is approximately southeast of Urfa and from the Syrian border crossing at Akçakale. Harran was founded at some point between the 25th and 20th centuries BC, possibly as a merchant colony by Sumerian traders from Ur. Over the course of its early history, Harran rapidly grew into a major Mesopotamian cultural, commercial and religious center. It was made a religiously and politically influential city through its association with the moon-god Sin (mythology), Sin; many prominent Mesopotamian rulers consulted with and renovated the moon-temple of Ekhulkhul in Harran. Harran came under Assyrian rule under Adad-nirari I ( BC) and became a provincial capital often second in importance only to the Assyrian capital of Assur itself. During the collapse of the Assyrian Empire, Harran briefly served as the final capital of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Messiah
In Abrahamic religions, a messiah or messias (; , ; , ; ) is a saviour or liberator of a group of people. The concepts of '' mashiach'', messianism, and of a Messianic Age originated in Judaism, and in the Hebrew Bible, in which a ''mashiach'' is a king or High Priest traditionally anointed with holy anointing oil. In Judaism, ''Ha-mashiach'' (), often referred to as ' (), is a fully human non-deity Jewish leader, physically descended via a human genetic father of an unbroken paternal Davidic line through King David and King Solomon. He will accomplish predetermined things in a future arrival, including the unification of the tribes of Israel, the gathering of all Jews to '' Eretz Israel'', the rebuilding of the Temple in Jerusalem, the ushering in of a Messianic Age of global universal peace, and the annunciation of the world to come. The Greek translation of Messiah is ''Khristós'' (), anglicized as ''Christ''. It occurs 41 times in the Septuagint and 529 times in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sufyani
The Sufyani () is a figure in Islamic eschatology who is usually portrayed in hadiths as a tyrant who will spread corruption and mischief. According to Shia Hadith, the Sufyani will rise in the month of Rajab. Reports about the Sufyani are found also found in Sunni Hadith. The Sufyani is not to be confused with another figure of the end times, the Dajjal. It is said that he: * will kill children and rip out the bellies of women, * murder those from the household of the Prophet, * and will rule over Syria. It is also said that when the Mahdi appears, the Sufyani will send an army to seize and kill him, but, when the Sufyani and his army reach the desert of Bayda, they would be swallowed up. However, some mostly Sunni sources claim Hadith describing the Sufyani are unreliable, based on a "garbled version" of a legend "fabricated by traditionists with Shia and pro- 'Abbasid sentiments". Others reverse his role as an evil-doer, describing him as an ally not an enemy of the Mahd ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mu'awiya Ibn Abi Sufyan
Mu'awiya I (–April 680) was the founder and first caliph of the Umayyad Caliphate, ruling from 661 until his death. He became caliph less than thirty years after the death of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and immediately after the four Rashidun ('rightly-guided') caliphs. Unlike his predecessors, who had been close, early companions of Muhammad, Mu'awiya was a relatively late follower of Muhammad. Mu'awiya and his father Abu Sufyan had opposed Muhammad, their distant Qurayshite kinsman and later Mu'awiya's brother-in-law, until Muhammad captured Mecca in 630. Afterward, Mu'awiya became one of Muhammad's scribes. He was appointed by Caliph Abu Bakr () as a deputy commander in the conquest of Syria. He moved up the ranks through Umar's caliphate () until becoming governor of Syria during the reign of his Umayyad kinsman, Caliph Uthman (). He allied with the province's powerful Banu Kalb tribe, developed the defenses of its coastal cities, and directed the war effort against ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Atika Bint Yazid
Atika bint Yazid () was an Umayyad princess. She was the daughter of Yazid I, and wife of Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan. Life Atika was the daughter of second Umayyad caliph Yazid. She was the sister of third Umayyad caliph Mu'awiya II. Before Yazid I died, he had the bay'ah made to his son. Mu'awiya II succeeded his father in Damascus in 64 AH (November 683 CE), at an age of somewhere between 17. Her brother died in 684 and he was succeeded by succeeded by her Father-in-law Marwan, he ruled for one year and died in 685. Marwan was succeeded by her husband Abd al-Malik as the fifth Umayyad caliph. She was the influential wife of Abd al-Malik, her elder son was nominated heir of the Caliphate. By dint of his descent, her son Yazid was a natural candidate for the succession to the caliphate. A noble Arab maternal lineage held political weight during this period in the Caliphate's history, and Yazid took pride in his maternal Sufyanid descent, viewing himself superior to his Marwanid brot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Walid II
Al-Walid ibn Yazid ibn Abd al-Malik (; 70917 April 744), commonly known as al-Walid II, was the eleventh Umayyad caliph, ruling from 743 until his assassination in 744. He succeeded his uncle, Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik. Birth and background Al-Walid was the son of Umayyad caliph Yazid II and his wife Umm al-Hajjaj bint Muhammad al-Thaqafi in 709. His mother was the daughter of Umayyad official Muhammad ibn Yusuf al-Thaqafi. His father, Yazid II ruled the Caliphate from 720 to January 724. Yazid II died in Irbid in the Balqa (i.e. Transjordan) subdistrict of Jund Dimashq (military district of Damascus) on 26 Sha'ban 105 AH (28 January 724 CE). His son al-Walid or half-brother Hisham led his funeral prayers. Yazid had intended to appoint al-Walid as his immediate successor, but was persuaded by Maslama to appoint Hisham instead, followed by al-Walid. Early life As al-Walid grew older, Hisham became increasingly displeased with his nephew's behaviour (including an excessiv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
