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2018–2019 Iranian General Strikes And Protests
The 2018–2019 Iranian general strikes and protests were a series of strikes and protests that took place across Iran from early 2018 until mid-2019 against the country's economic situation, as well as the Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Iranian government, as part of the wider Iranian Democracy Movement. Timeline 2018 April On 14 April 2018, Baneh shopkeepers started strikes which continued for twenty days. May In late May, Iranian truckers staged a major nationwide strike over low wages and poor working conditions. It lasted until mid-June and was the first in a series of strikes that continued until late 2018 (see below). June 25 June: On 25 June 2018, shops were shut and thousands gathered in the Bazaar area of Tehran to protest the economic situation. This was met with security forces firing tear gas at the protestors. Protests against the economic situation also occurred in Shahriar, Tehran province, Shahriar, Karaj, Qeshm, Bandar Abbas, and Mashhad. Some ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tehran Bazaar
The Grand Bazaar () is a bazaar, located in Central Tehran, Iran. Split into several corridors that are over in length, each specializing in different types of goods, the bazaar has several entrances, with Sabze Meydan being the main entrance. In addition to shops, it contains mosques, guest houses, and Iranian banking system, banks. It has access to the rapid transit system of the Tehran Metro through the stations of Khayam Metro Station, Khayam and Panzdah-e-Khordad Metro Station, Khordad 15th. The bazaar was added to the Iran National Heritage List on 24 October 1977, administered by the Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism Organization of Iran. History Trade and early markets in Tehran It is hard to say exactly when the bazaar first appeared, but in the centuries after the Muslim conquest of Persia, Muslim conquest of Iran between 632 and 654 Common Era, CE, travelers reported the growth of commerce in the area now occupied by the current bazaar. Research indicates ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Esmail Bakhshi
Esmail Bakhshi (Persian: اسماعیل بخشی; born 18 June 1983) is an Iranian activist, political prisoner, trade unionist, and a founding member and the independent Workers Union of Haft Tappeh Sugarcane Agro Industrial Company (Persian: شرکت نیشکر هفتتپه) in the Khuzestan Province of Iran. Arrests On November 18, 2018 Esmail Bakhshi was arrested, together with more than a dozen other workers, during labor protests at the local sugar factory in the Iranian city of Shush. All of those arrested were soon released on bail with the notable exception of Esmail Bakhshi who was held, without charge or legal representation, on the suspicion of crimes against "national security". The Iranian Ministry of Labor announced that it is unable to intervene on Bakhshi's behalf because of the nature of the case. The workers of Haft Tappeh Sugarcane were protesting several months of unpaid wages following the privatization of the company, with no transparency or overs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baneh
Baneh () is a city in the Central District of Baneh County, Kurdistan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district. Baneh is approximately 30 km (18 miles) from Kurdistan Region in Iraq. History Historically, Baneh had a strategic and political importance due to its close proximity to the Ottoman Empire. The city was part of the three Kurdish principalities; Ardalan, Baban and Mokryan. The old city had two citadels and was generally ruled by the Eḵtīār-al-Dīn family who held both religious and secular power of the city. The family was held in high esteem during the Safavid era and received the title 'sultan'. Moreover, rulers of Baneh had the responsibility of protecting the whole area from Khoy to Kermanshah. In the 16th century, Mīrzā Beg b. Mīr Moḥammad became the first virtually independent ruler of Baneh and its surroundings. During the 18th and 19th centuries, the city was plagued with epidemics which killed a large portio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Government Of The Islamic Republic Of Iran
A government is the system or group of people governing an organized community, generally a state. In the case of its broad associative definition, government normally consists of legislature, executive, and judiciary. Government is a means by which organizational policies are enforced, as well as a mechanism for determining policy. In many countries, the government has a kind of constitution, a statement of its governing principles and philosophy. While all types of organizations have governance, the term ''government'' is often used more specifically to refer to the approximately 200 independent national governments and subsidiary organizations. The main types of modern political systems recognized are democracies, totalitarian regimes, and, sitting between these two, authoritarian regimes with a variety of hybrid regimes. Modern classification systems also include monarchies as a standalone entity or as a hybrid system of the main three. Historically pre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deutsche Welle
(; "German Wave"), commonly shortened to DW (), is a German state-funded television network, state-owned international broadcaster funded by the Federal Government of Germany. The service is available in 32 languages. DW's satellite television service consists of channels in English, Spanish, and Arabic. The work of DW is regulated by the Act, stating that content is intended to be independent of government influence. DW is a member of the European Broadcasting Union (EBU). DW offers regularly updated articles on its news website and runs its own centre for international media development, DW Akademie. The broadcaster's stated goals are to produce reliable news coverage, provide access to the German language, and promote understanding between peoples. It is also a provider of live streaming world news, which, like all DW programs, can be viewed and listened via its website, YouTube, satellite, rebroadcasting and various apps and digital media players. DW has been ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hossein Allahkaram
Hossein Allahkaram () is an Iranian conservative activist, pundit and former military officer. He is head of the coordination council of Ansar-e-Hezbollah and is described as its theoretician. Following Allahkaram’s Ansar-e-Hezbollah’s attacks on women using acid as well as against students with tear gas, electric batons and knives, Allahkaram as well as co-founder Abdolhamid Mohtasham were sanctioned by the United States Department of the Treasury. Allahkaram is also under EU sanctions. Military career A veteran of Iran–Iraq War, he was reported continuing to serve in the Revolutionary Guards as of 2001. According to some sources, he commanded the Quds Force in the Bosnian War along with Mohammad Reza Naqdi Mohammad Reza Naqdi (also spelled "Naghdi"; ) is an Iranian military officer who is a senior officer in the IRGC. Background According to the biography published by the semi-official Fars News Agency, Naqdi was born in March 1961 in a middle-cla .... References ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mahmoud Alavi
Seyyed Mahmoud Alavi (; born 4 May 1954) is an Iranian conservative politician who currently serves as the Special Aide to the President of Iran since 2024. He was formerly minister of intelligence in first and second government of Hassan Rouhani. Early life Alavi was born in Lamerd, Fars province, in 1954. He holds a PhD in Islamic jurisprudence and law from Ferdowsi University in Mashad. Career Alavi is a cleric and a scholar of Islamic jurisprudence. He holds the religious rank of Ayatollah. He is the former head of the political and ideological body of the Iranian Army to which he was appointed by the Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei. Alavi served in the post from 2000 to August 2009. In addition, Alavi was Khamenei's special representative in the army until August 2009. He also assumed the post of deputy defense minister. He served at the Majlis as Tehran representative for four terms during the terms of former presidents Rafsanjani and Khatami. He ran for office i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hossein Salami
Hossein Salami (; 1960 – 13 June 2025) was an Iranian military officer who served as the Commander-in-Chief of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) from 2019 until 2025 when he was killed by an Israeli airstrike during the Iran–Israel War. Salami joined the IRGC during the Iran–Iraq War in 1980, when he was a college student. He rose through the ranks, becoming deputy commander. On 21 April 2019, the supreme leader of Iran, Ali Khamenei, appointed him as the new Commander-in-Chief of the IRGC, replacing major general Mohammad Ali Jafari. Salami stood out among the commanders of the IRGC for his fiery and aggressive speeches targeting the US, Israel, and Saudi Arabia. Early life and education Hossein Salami was born in 1960 in Golpayegan, Isfahan province, then part of the Imperial State of Iran. In 1978, he was accepted to the mechanical engineering department at the Iran University of Science and Technology. When the Iran–Iraq War started, he joined the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abdolrahim Mousavi
''Seyyed'' Abdolrahim Mousavi (}; born 1960) is an Iranian military officer. As of June 2025, he is the Chief of General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran, following the killing of his predecessor. He formerly served as the Chief of the General Staff and commander-in-chief of the Islamic Republic of Iran Army from August 2017 to June 2025. Career Mousavi's military career began in 1979. He was second-in-command of the Islamic Republic of Iran Army from 2008 to 2016, including during the Iran–Iraq War, and was deputy chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran from 2016 to 2017. He then served as the Chief of the General Staff and commander-in-chief of the Islamic Republic of Iran Army from August 2017 to June 2025. In January 2018 he referred to the United States as the "Great Satan". In September 2019, he said that the United States is "like an animal that would chase after you if you run away, and would run away if y ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hossein Ashtari
Hossein Ashtari () is an Iranian military officer who served as Iran's Chief of police, the chief commander of Law Enforcement Command, from 2015 until early 2023. Prior to the appointment, he was second-in-command of the forces replacing Ahmad-Reza Radan, having previously served as the commander of Intelligence and Security Police until 2014. Ashtari is a former general of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps. Sanctions Hossein Ashtari is among the 13 military and country officials who are responsible for suppressing the protesters of 2019–2020 Iranian protests. On May 20, 2020, the US Treasury Department put Hossein Ashtari on its sanctions list, along with Interior Minister Abdolreza Rahmani Fazli and several other senior officials of the security forces. According to the statement of the Treasury Department of the United States, Hossein Ashtari, as the commander of the police force of the Islamic Republic of Iran, was involved in the killing of "hundreds of protesters" ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mohammad Bagheri (general)
Major General Mohammad Bagheri (, 1960 – 13 June 2025; born Mohammad-Hossein Afshordi ) was an Iranian military officer in the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC), who served as the Chief of Staff of the Iranian Armed Forces from 2016 to 2025. He was killed along with other senior officers during a series of airstrikes launched by Israel on 13 June 2025. He was the highest ranking military officer in Iran at the time of his death. Career Bagheri, a military intelligence expert with experience dating back to the Iran–Iraq War, held a Ph.D. in political geography and reportedly taught at Iran's Supreme National Defense University. In 1980, he joined the IRGC. Mohammad Bagheri was a member of a group identified by the American Enterprise Institute (AEI) as the IRGC Command Network, which includes other commanders such as Mohammad Ali Jafari, Ali Fadavi, and Gholam Ali Rashid. According to AEI's Critical Threats Project, the group "dominates the upper echelons of Ira ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amir Hatami
Amir Hatami (born 1966) is an Iranian military officer who is currently serving as the commander-in-chief of the Iranian Army. Having the rank of major general, Hatami was made commander-in-chief following the permuting of Abdolrahim Mousavi to the position of Chief of General Staff of Iran post after the assassination of his predecessor Mohammad Bagheri in the June 2025 Israeli strikes on Iran. Hatmai is also an Advisor to the Commander-in-Chief of the Iranian Armed Forces of Army Affairs and the former minister of defense of Iran. He was designated as the defense minister by President Hassan Rouhani on 8 August 2017 and gained vote of confidence from the parliament In modern politics and history, a parliament is a legislative body of government. Generally, a modern parliament has three functions: Representation (politics), representing the Election#Suffrage, electorate, making laws, and overseeing ... on 20 August 2017, with 261 yes, 10 nays, 13 abstentions and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
