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2008 Simeulue Earthquake
On February 20, 2008, an earthquake with a moment magnitude of 7.4 struck off the coast of Sumatra at a hypocentre depth of 26 km. The earthquake had an epicenter located on the island of Simeulue, northwest from Sinabang, a small town on the island. Three people were killed and an additional 25 seriously injured as a result of the earthquake. Tectonic setting The west coast of Sumatra is dominated by the Sunda megathrust; a 5,000 km long convergent boundary where the Australian Plate subducts beneath the Burma Plate and Sunda Plate at a rate of 60 mm/yr. The subduction zone offshore Sumatra has been responsible for several large earthquakes in 2004 and 2005. Earthquake The Simeulue earthquake occurred as a result of thrust faulting along the subduction zone where the Australian and Burma Plates meet. It earthquake had an epicenter close to another magnitude 7.4 earthquake in 2002. That was considered a foreshock of the 2004 event. The rupture patch for the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sunda Megathrust
The Sunda megathrust is a fault that extends approximately 5,500 km (3300 mi) from Myanmar (Burma) in the north, running along the southwestern side of Sumatra, to the south of Java and Bali before terminating near Australia. It is a megathrust, located at a convergent plate boundary where it forms the interface between the overriding Eurasian plate and the subducting Indo-Australian plate. It is one of the most seismogenic structures on Earth, being responsible for many great and giant earthquakes, including the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami that killed over 227,000 people. The Sunda megathrust can be divided into the ''Andaman Megathrust'', ''Sumatra(n) Megathrust'' and ''Java(n) Megathrust''. The Bali-Sumbawa segment is much less active and therefore does not have the "megathrust" term associated with it. Tectonic setting The subducting plate consists of two protoplates, the Indian and Australian plates. Similarly, the overriding plate consists of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sinabang
Sinabang is a town on the east coast of Simeulue Island, which lies off the western coast of Sumatra in Indonesia. Sinabang is the administrative seat (capital) of the Simeulue Regency, in Aceh Province of Indonesia and has a population of approximately 20,000. Earthquakes On 28 March 2005, an earthquake and subsequent fire destroyed 50 to 60 percent of the downtown area and significantly damaged the port facility. The land rose 40 cm at Sinabang as a result of the quake. Climate Sinabang has a tropical rainforest climate A tropical rainforest climate, humid tropical climate or equatorial climate is a tropical climate sub-type usually found within 10 to 15 degrees latitude of the equator. There are some other areas at higher latitudes, such as the coast of southea ... (Af) with heavy to very heavy rainfall year-round. Notes Populated coastal places in Indonesia Populated places in Aceh Regency seats of Aceh {{Aceh-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Earthquakes In Indonesia
__NOTOC__ This is an incomplete list of more recent recorded major earthquakes that have occurred within the boundaries of Indonesia. The determinants of the activity are indicated by the geology of the region, and the volcanic activity. Large numbers of earthquakes of smaller magnitude occur very regularly due to the meeting of major tectonic plates in the region. Based on the records of the USGS, Indonesia has had more than 150 earthquakes with magnitude > 7 in the period 1901–2019. Earthquakes 2000–present 1900-1999 1629-1899 See also * Eurasian Plate * Geology of Indonesia * Indo-Australian Plate * Krakatoa * List of faults in Indonesia * List of historical earthquakes * List of natural disasters in Indonesia * List of tsunamis affecting Indonesia * List of volcanoes in Indonesia * Seismicity of the Sumatra coast References Sources * Further reading * External links * Hayes, G.P. ''et al.'' 2013Seismicity of the Earth 1900–2012 Sum ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2008 Earthquakes
Earthquakes in 2008 resulted in about 88,011 fatalities. The 2008 Sichuan earthquake was the deadliest with 87,587 fatalities, and also the largest at 8.0 on the moment magnitude scale. Other significant earthquakes struck Pakistan, Kyrgyzstan, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Russia, Japan, Colombia, and other parts of China. Compared to other years Overall By death toll * Note: At least 10 dead By magnitude * Note: At least 7.0 Magnitude By month January * A magnitude 6.3 earthquake struck Papua New Guinea on January 1. * A magnitude 6.0 earthquake struck Sumatra, Indonesia on January 4. * A magnitude 6.6 earthquake struck Haida Gwaii, Canada on January 5. * A magnitude 6.4 earthquake struck Haida Gwaii, Canada on January 5. * A magnitude 6.2 earthquake struck Greece on January 6. * A magnitude 5.9 earthquake struck Papua, Indonesia on January 7. Six people were injured and 22 homes were damaged. * A magnitude 6.4 earthquake struck Tibet, China on January ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Earthquakes In Indonesia
__NOTOC__ This is an incomplete list of more recent recorded major earthquakes that have occurred within the boundaries of Indonesia. The determinants of the activity are indicated by the geology of the region, and the volcanic activity. Large numbers of earthquakes of smaller magnitude occur very regularly due to the meeting of major tectonic plates in the region. Based on the records of the USGS, Indonesia has had more than 150 earthquakes with magnitude > 7 in the period 1901–2019. Earthquakes 2000–present 1900-1999 1629-1899 See also * Eurasian Plate * Geology of Indonesia * Indo-Australian Plate * Krakatoa * List of faults in Indonesia * List of historical earthquakes * List of natural disasters in Indonesia * List of tsunamis affecting Indonesia * List of volcanoes in Indonesia * Seismicity of the Sumatra coast References Sources * Further reading * External links * Hayes, G.P. ''et al.'' 2013Seismicity of the Earth 1900–2012 Suma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Earthquakes In 2008
Earthquakes in 2008 resulted in about 88,011 fatalities. The 2008 Sichuan earthquake was the deadliest with 87,587 fatalities, and also the largest at 8.0 on the moment magnitude scale. Other significant earthquakes struck Pakistan, Kyrgyzstan, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Russia, Japan, Colombia, and other parts of China. Compared to other years Overall By death toll * Note: At least 10 dead By magnitude * Note: At least 7.0 Magnitude By month January * A magnitude 6.3 earthquake struck Papua New Guinea on January 1. * A magnitude 6.0 earthquake struck Sumatra, Indonesia on January 4. * A magnitude 6.6 earthquake struck Haida Gwaii, Canada on January 5. * A magnitude 6.4 earthquake struck Haida Gwaii, Canada on January 5. * A magnitude 6.2 earthquake struck Greece on January 6. * A magnitude 5.9 earthquake struck Papua, Indonesia on January 7. Six people were injured and 22 homes were damaged. * A magnitude 6.4 earthquake struck Tibet, China on January ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seismic Gap
A seismic gap is a segment of an active fault known to produce significant earthquakes that has not slipped in an unusually long time, compared with other segments along the same structure. There is a hypothesis or theory that states that over long periods of time, the displacement on any segment must be equal to that experienced by all the other parts of the fault. Any large and longstanding gap is, therefore, considered to be the fault segment most likely to suffer future earthquakes. The applicability of this approach has been criticised by some seismologists although earthquakes sometimes have occurred in previously-identified seismic gaps. Examples Loma Prieta Seismic Gap, California Prior to the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake( = 6.9), that segment of the San Andreas fault system recorded much less seismic activity than other parts of the fault. The main shock and aftershocks of the 1989 event occurred within the previous seismic gap. Central Kuril gap, Russia Immediately foll ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sunda Plate
The Sunda Plate is a minor tectonic plate straddling the Equator in the Eastern Hemisphere on which the majority of Southeast Asia is located. The Sunda Plate was formerly considered a part of the Eurasian Plate, but the GPS measurements have confirmed its independent movement at 10 mm/yr eastward relative to Eurasia. Extent The Sunda Plate includes the South China Sea, the Andaman Sea, southern parts of Vietnam and Thailand along with Malaysia and the islands of Borneo, Sumatra, Java, and part of Sulawesi in Indonesia, plus the south-western Philippines islands of Palawan and the Sulu Archipelago. The Sunda is bounded in the east by the Philippine Mobile Belt, Molucca Sea Collision Zone, Molucca Sea Plate, Banda Sea Plate and Timor Plate; to the south and west by the Australian Plate; and to the north by the Burma Plate, Eurasian Plate; and Yangtze Plate. The Indo-Australian Plate dips beneath the Sunda Plate along the Sunda Trench, which generates frequen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Burma Plate
The Burma Plate is a minor tectonic plate or microplate located in Southeast Asia, sometimes considered a part of the larger Eurasian Plate. The Andaman Islands, Nicobar Islands, and northwestern Sumatra are located on the plate. This island arc separates the Andaman Sea from the main Indian Ocean to the west. To its east lies the Sunda Plate, from which it is separated along a transform boundary, running in a rough north-south line through the Andaman Sea. This boundary between the Burma and Sunda plates is a marginal seafloor spreading centre, which has led to the opening up of the Andaman Sea (from a southerly direction) by "pushing out" the Andaman-Nicobar-Sumatra island arc from mainland Asia, a process which began in earnest approximately 4 million years ago. To the west is the much larger India Plate, which is subducting beneath the western facet of the Burma Plate. This extensive subduction zone has formed the Sunda Trench. Tectonic history In models of the reco ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Simeulue
Simeulue is an island of Indonesia, off the west coast of Sumatra. It covers an area of 1754 square kilometres (677 square miles), including minor offshore islands. It had a population of 80,674 at the 2010 census and 92,865 at the 2020 census. The official estimate as at mid 2021 was 93,762. Its capital is Sinabang. Simeulue was once a part of West Aceh Regency but was split off in 1999 and became a separate Simeulue Regency. Demographics From the ethnic point of view the inhabitants of Simeulue are similar to the people of neighboring Nias Island. Two languages and a number of dialects are spoken on the island: Simeulue and Sigulai, which are different from the languages spoken in the north of Sumatra. The majority of the island's population is Muslim. History Simeulue was historically known to European mariners as "Hog Island"JH Moor '' Notices of the Indian Archipelago'' (1837) p103; retrieved 27 January 2019 and served as a landfall for ships seeking ports on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aceh Province
Aceh ( ), officially the Aceh Province ( ace, Nanggroë Acèh; id, Provinsi Aceh) is the westernmost province of Indonesia. It is located on the northernmost of Sumatra island, with Banda Aceh being its capital and largest city. Granted a special autonomous status, Aceh is a religiously conservative territory and the only Indonesian province practicing the Sharia law officially. There are ten indigenous ethnic groups in this region, the largest being the Acehnese people, accounting for approximately 80% to 90% of the region's population. Aceh is where the spread of Islam in Indonesia began, and was a key factor of the spread of Islam in Southeast Asia. Islam reached Aceh (Kingdoms of Fansur and Lamuri) around 1250 AD. In the early 17th century the Sultanate of Aceh was the most wealthy, powerful and cultivated state in the Malacca Straits region. Aceh has a history of political independence and resistance to control by outsiders, including the former Dutch colonists a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sumatra
Sumatra is one of the Sunda Islands of western Indonesia. It is the largest island that is fully within Indonesian territory, as well as the sixth-largest island in the world at 473,481 km2 (182,812 mi.2), not including adjacent islands such as the Simeulue, Nias, Mentawai, Enggano, Riau Islands, Bangka Belitung and Krakatoa archipelago. Sumatra is an elongated landmass spanning a diagonal northwest–southeast axis. The Indian Ocean borders the northwest, west, and southwest coasts of Sumatra, with the island chain of Simeulue, Nias, Mentawai, and Enggano off the western coast. In the northeast, the narrow Strait of Malacca separates the island from the Malay Peninsula, which is an extension of the Eurasian continent. In the southeast, the narrow Sunda Strait, containing the Krakatoa Archipelago, separates Sumatra from Java. The northern tip of Sumatra is near the Andaman Islands, while off the southeastern coast lie the islands of Bangka and Belitun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
