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2007 Antofagasta Earthquake
The 2007 Tocopilla earthquake occurred on November 14 at . Its epicenter was located between Quillagua and Tocopilla, affecting the Tarapacá and the Antofagasta regions in northern Chile. The earthquake had a moment magnitude of 7.7 and lasted about 3 minutes and 35 seconds. Seventeen aftershocks of magnitude greater than 5.3, including one of magnitude 7.1 and two others of magnitude 6.3 or higher, were recorded. The Pacific Tsunami Warning Center issued a tsunami warning, stating a tsunami had been generated; after one hour, this warning was cancelled. The earthquake was felt from Santiago, 1,245 km south from the epicenter, to La Paz, about 700 km north-northeast.Strong earthquake shakes northern Chile, kills at least two AFP news report Tectonic s ...
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Fault (geology)
In geology, a fault is a Fracture (geology), planar fracture or discontinuity in a volume of Rock (geology), rock across which there has been significant displacement as a result of rock-mass movements. Large faults within Earth's crust (geology), crust result from the action of Plate tectonics, plate tectonic forces, with the largest forming the boundaries between the plates, such as the megathrust faults of subduction, subduction zones or transform faults. Energy release associated with rapid movement on active faults is the cause of most earthquakes. Faults may also displace slowly, by aseismic creep. A ''fault plane'' is the Plane (geometry), plane that represents the fracture surface of a fault. A ''fault trace'' or ''fault line'' is a place where the fault can be seen or mapped on the surface. A fault trace is also the line commonly plotted on geological maps to represent a fault. A ''fault zone'' is a cluster of parallel faults. However, the term is also used for the zone ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Subduction
Subduction is a geological process in which the oceanic lithosphere and some continental lithosphere is recycled into the Earth's mantle at the convergent boundaries between tectonic plates. Where one tectonic plate converges with a second plate, the heavier plate dives beneath the other and sinks into the mantle. A region where this process occurs is known as a subduction zone, and its surface expression is known as an arc-trench complex. The process of subduction has created most of the Earth's continental crust. Rates of subduction are typically measured in centimeters per year, with rates of convergence as high as 11 cm/year. Subduction is possible because the cold and rigid oceanic lithosphere is slightly denser than the underlying asthenosphere, the hot, ductile layer in the upper mantle. Once initiated, stable subduction is driven mostly by the negative buoyancy of the dense subducting lithosphere. The down-going slab sinks into the mantle largely under its own ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2007 In Chile
Events from the year 2007 in Chile Incumbents *President of Chile, President: Michelle Bachelet Events March * March 26: President of Chile Michelle Bachelet sacks several ministers, including the Minister for National Defence Vivianne Blanlot Soza and the Minister for Justice Isidro Solís Palma for perceived poor performance as well as her chief of staff. The Minister for Transport Sergio Espejo Yaksic is sacked for problems with Santiago de Chile, Santiago's new transport system Transantiago. April * April 21: At least 10 people are missing in Chile following a 6.2 magnitude 2007 Aysen Fjord earthquakes, earthquake in Aysen. May * May 5: More than 20 countries including the People's Republic of China, the United States, France, Japan, Chile and South Korea agree to work together to end bottom sea trawling. July * July 11: A Chilean court rejects the extradition of former Peruvian President of Peru, President Alberto Fujimori. * July 20: 2007 FIFA U-20 World Cup: After ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Earthquakes In Chile
__NOTOC__ Chile lies in a region which is adjacent to the fast-moving Nazca plate, and has high tectonic activity. The records for earlier centuries are apparently incomplete. Of the world's 46 known earthquakes with M ≥ 8.5 since the year 1500, one-third occurred in Chile and are shown in the map to the side. Some virtually have the same epicenters like the 1604 and 1868 (in Arica), the 1730 and 1822 (in Valparaíso), the 1751 and 1835 (in Concepción), and the 1575 and 1837 (in Valdivia). The strongest known recorded in modern times was also in Chile, the 1960 Valdivia earthquake. Earthquakes See also *Geology of Chile References * Servicio sismológico Universidad de ChileSismos importantes o destructivos desde 1570Historic World Earthquakes: Chile United States Geological Survey Further reading * * {{DEFAULTSORT:List of Earthquakes in Chile Earthquakes Chile Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a country in western South America. It is the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2007 Earthquakes
Earthquakes in 2007 resulted in many fatalities. The 2007 Peru earthquake was the deadliest with 595 fatalities. The September 2007 Sumatra earthquake was the largest in 2007 with an 8.4 on the moment magnitude scale. The 2007 Solomon Islands earthquake caused a significant tsunami that killed 52 people. There were four 8.0+ earthquakes in 2007 which is the most ever recorded for a single year. Other significant earthquakes in 2007 struck Chile and Japan. Compared to other years Overall By death toll * Note: At least 10 dead By magnitude * Note: At least 7.0 Magnitude By month January * A magnitude 6.1 earthquake struck the Nicobar Islands, India on January 8 at a depth of . * A magnitude 6.0 earthquake struck Vorukh, Tajikistan on January 8 at a depth of . About 130 houses were destroyed and a mining complex were damaged in Isfana. At least 57 buildings were damaged in Vorukh. * A magnitude 6.3 earthquake struck Fiji on January 8 at a depth of . * A magnitude 4.5 ear ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Seismological Centre
The International Seismological Centre (ISC) is a non-governmental, nonprofit organisation charged with the final collection, definitive analysis and publication of global seismicity. The ISC was formed in 1964 as an international organisation independent of national governments that would carry on the work of the International Seismological Summary in collecting and analyzing seismic data from around the world, and particularly to handle increased flow of data from the World-Wide Standard Seismograph Network (WWSSN), also established that year. The ISC considers its prime task to be the collection and re-analysis of all available earthquake seismic date in order to produce definitive data on earthquakes. The ISC's catalog is considered "the most complete and authoritative final depository of global earthquake parameter data." Purpose The main scientific goal of the centre is the definitive compilation of earthquake information and the readings on which they are based. Collect ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Earthquakes In Chile
__NOTOC__ Chile lies in a region which is adjacent to the fast-moving Nazca plate, and has high tectonic activity. The records for earlier centuries are apparently incomplete. Of the Lists of earthquakes#Strongest earthquakes by magnitude, world's 46 known earthquakes with M ≥ 8.5 since the year 1500, one-third occurred in Chile and are shown in the map to the side. Some virtually have the same epicenters like the 1604 Arica earthquake, 1604 and 1868 Arica earthquake, 1868 (in Arica), the 1730 Valparaíso earthquake, 1730 and 1822 (in Valparaíso), the 1751 Concepción earthquake, 1751 and 1835 Concepción earthquake, 1835 (in Concepción), and the 1575 Valdivia earthquake, 1575 and 1837 Valdivia earthquake, 1837 (in Valdivia). The strongest known recorded in modern times was also in Chile, the 1960 Valdivia earthquake. Earthquakes See also *Geology of Chile References * Servicio sismológico Universidad de ChileSismos importantes o destructivos desde 1570Historic World ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Earthquakes In 2007
Earthquakes in 2007 resulted in many fatalities. The 2007 Peru earthquake was the deadliest with 595 fatalities. The September 2007 Sumatra earthquake was the largest in 2007 with an 8.4 on the moment magnitude scale. The 2007 Solomon Islands earthquake caused a significant tsunami that killed 52 people. There were four 8.0+ earthquakes in 2007 which is the most ever recorded for a single year. Other significant earthquakes in 2007 struck Chile and Japan. Compared to other years Overall By death toll * Note: At least 10 dead By magnitude * Note: At least 7.0 Magnitude By month January * A magnitude 6.1 earthquake struck the Nicobar Islands, India on January 8 at a depth of . * A magnitude 6.0 earthquake struck Vorukh, Tajikistan on January 8 at a depth of . About 130 houses were destroyed and a mining complex were damaged in Isfana. At least 57 buildings were damaged in Vorukh. * A magnitude 6.3 earthquake struck Fiji on January 8 at a depth of . * A magnitude 4.5 ear ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Copper Mining
Copper extraction is the multi-stage process of obtaining copper from list of copper ores, its ores. The conversion of copper ores consists of a series of physical, chemical, and electrochemical processes. Methods have evolved and vary with country depending on the ore source, local environmental law, environmental regulations, and other factors. The copper smelters with the highest production capacity (metric tons of copper yearly) lie in China, Chile, India, Germany, Japan, Peru and Russia. China alone has over half of the world's production capacity and is also the world's largest consumer of refined copper. Precious metals and sulfuric acid are often valuable by-products of copper refining. Arsenic is the main type of impurity found in copper concentrates to enter smelting facilities. There has been an increase in arsenic in copper concentrates over the years since shallow, low-arsenic copper deposits have been progressively depleted. History Prehistory The Old Copper Compl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arica, Chile
Arica ( ; ) is a commune and a port city with a population of 222,619 in the Arica Province of northern Chile's Arica y Parinacota Region. It is Chile's northernmost city, being located only south of the border with Peru. The city is the capital of both the Arica Province and the Arica and Parinacota Region. Arica is located at the bend of South America's western coast known as the Arica Bend or Arica Elbow. At the location of the city are two valleys that dissect the Atacama Desert converge: Azapa and Lluta. These valleys provide citrus and olives for export. Arica is an important port for a large inland region of South America. The city serves a free port for Bolivia and manages a substantial part of that country's trade. In addition it is the end station of the Bolivian oil pipeline beginning in Oruro. The city's strategic position is enhanced by being next to the Pan-American Highway, being connected to both Tacna in Peru and La Paz in Bolivia by railroad and being se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Calama, Chile
Calama is a city and commune in the Atacama Desert in northern Chile. It is the capital of El Loa Province, part of the Antofagasta Region. Calama is one of the driest cities in the world with average annual precipitation of just . The River Loa, Chile's longest, flows through the city. Calama has a population of 147,886 (2012 census). The commune also encompasses the Quechua communities of Estación San Pedro, Toconce and Cupo; and the Lickan-antay communities of Taira, Conchi Viejo, Lasana, San Francisco de Chiu Chiu, Aiquina-Turi, and Caspana. In 2003 the nearby town of Chuquicamata, once the largest open-pit copper mine in the world, was dismantled citing environmental reasons and encroachment from the mine's expansion. Residents of Chuquicamata then moved to Calama, away from company-owned residences, to find housing on their own. Etymology There are a variety of hypotheses about the origin of the name "Calama," but the two main accounts suggest that it comes from ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antofagasta
Antofagasta () is a port city in northern Chile, about north of Santiago. It is the capital of Antofagasta Province and Antofagasta Region. According to the 2015 census, the city has a population of 402,669. Once claimed by Bolivia following the Spanish American wars of independence, Antofagasta was captured by Chile on 14 February 1879, triggering the War of the Pacific (1879–83). Chilean sovereignty was officially recognised by Bolivia under the terms of the 1904 Treaty of Peace and Friendship. The city of Antofagasta is closely linked to mining activity, being a port and the chief service hub for one of Chile's major mining areas. While silver and saltpeter mining have been historically important for Antofagasta, since the mid-19th century copper mining is by far the most important mining activity for Antofagasta, fueling a steady growth in the areas of construction, retail, hotel accommodations, population growth and skyline development until the end of the 2000 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
