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1997 Melavalavu Massacre
The 1997 Melavalavu massacre refers to the murder of a Panchayati raj, Panchayat President of the village and six other men of the Dalit community by dominant caste members in :ta:மேலவளவு ஊராட்சி, Melavalavu, Madurai on 30 June 1997. The men were hacked to death after some dominant caste members refused to accept a Panchayat president from the Dalit Community. Seventeen men were convicted for the crime and were sentenced to life imprisonment and three men were released in 2008. Thirteen of the convicted were released in 2019 during the AIADMK regime. The families of the victims claimed the early release had political overtones. Background The Melavalavu panchayat located near Melur in Madurai district. Melavalavu village, is dominated by the people of Kallar (caste), Kallar(Thevar) caste, while the people of the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes, Scheduled Castes are a minority in the village residing mostly in Ambedkar Nagar area. The villag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Madurai
Madurai ( , , ), formerly known as Madura, is a major city in the States and union territories of India, Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is the cultural capital of Tamil Nadu and the administrative headquarters of Madurai District, which is governed by the Madurai Municipal Corporation established on 1 November 1866. As of the 2011 Census of India, 2011 census, it is the List of cities in India by population, third largest metropolis in Tamil Nadu after Chennai and Coimbatore in terms of population and 27th largest List of million-plus urban agglomerations in India, urban agglomeration in India. Located on the banks of River Vaigai, Madurai has been a major settlement for two millennia and has a documented history of more than 2500 years. It is often referred to as "Thoongatha Nagaram", meaning "the city that never sleeps". Madurai is closely associated with the Tamil language. The third Tamil Sangam, a major congregation of Tamil scholars, is said to have been held in the ci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi
Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi (; VCK), formerly known as the Dalit Panthers of India or the Dalit Panthers Iyyakkam (; DPI), is an Indian social movement and political party that seeks to combat caste based discrimination, active in the state of Tamil Nadu. The party also has a strong emphasis on Tamil nationalism. Its chairman is Thol. Thirumavalavan, a lawyer from Chennai, and its general secretary is the writer Ravikumar (writer), Ravikumar. History The Dalit Panthers Iyyakkam was formed in 1982 in Madurai, Tamil Nadu. The group was found to seek protection of Dalits from Caste-related violence in India, caste-related violence. Founded by a group of disaffected Dalits under the leadership of M. Malalchami, it emerged as a loosely organised group of local activists seeking assistance and protection through the association of a larger movement. The movement was inspired by the Dalit Panthers of India, a social movement which itself had formed earlier in the 1970s in Maharas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Social History Of Tamil Nadu
Social organisms, including human(s), live collectively in interacting populations. This interaction is considered social whether they are aware of it or not, and whether the exchange is voluntary or not. Etymology The word "social" derives from the Latin word ''socii'' ("allies"). It is particularly derived from the Italian ''Socii'' states, historical allies of the Roman Republic (although they rebelled against Rome in the Social War of 91–87 BC). Social theorists In the view of Karl Marx,Morrison, Ken. ''Marx, Durkheim, Weber. Formations of modern social thought'' human beings are intrinsically, necessarily and by definition social beings who, beyond being "gregarious creatures", cannot survive and meet their needs other than through social co-operation and association. Their social characteristics are therefore to a large extent an objectively given fact, stamped on them from birth and affirmed by socialization processes; and, according to Marx, in producing and reproduci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Massacres In India
A massacre is the deliberate slaughter of members of one group by one or more members of another more powerful group. A massacre may be indiscriminate or highly methodical in application. A massacre is a single event, though it may occur during the course of an extended military campaign or war. A massacre is separate from a battle (an event in which opposing sides fight), but may follow in its immediate aftermath, when one side has surrendered or lost the ability to fight, yet the victors persist in killing their opponents. Pre-colonial India Colonial India Independent India See also *Religious violence in India ** Violence against Muslims in India ** Madhe Sahaba Agitation ** Violence against Christians in India **Persecution of Hindus * Caste-related violence in India * List of wars involving India ** List of battles of Rajasthan * List of riots in India ** 1925 Indian riots ** List of riots in Mumbai *Terrorism in India ** List of terrorist incidents in India ** List ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of Tamil Nadu (1947–present)
The region of Tamil Nadu in the southeast of modern India, shows evidence of having had continuous human habitation from 15,000 BCE to 10,000 BCE. Throughout its history, spanning the early Upper Paleolithic age to modern times, this region has coexisted with various external cultures. The three ancient Tamil dynasties namely Chera Empire, Chera, Chola Empire, Chola, and Pandyan Empire, Pandya were of ancient origins. Together they ruled over this land with a unique culture and language, contributing to the growth of Sangam Literature, some of the oldest extant literature in the world. These three dynasties were in constant struggle with each other vying for hegemony over the land. Invasion by the Kalabhras during the 3rd century disturbed the traditional order of the land, displacing the three ruling kingdoms. These occupiers were overthrown by the resurgence of the Pandyas and the Pallavas, who restored the traditional kingdoms. The Cholas who re-emerged from obscurity in t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crime In Tamil Nadu
In ordinary language, a crime is an unlawful act punishable by a state or other authority. The term ''crime'' does not, in modern criminal law, have any simple and universally accepted definition,Farmer, Lindsay: "Crime, definitions of", in Cane and Conoghan (editors), '' The New Oxford Companion to Law'', Oxford University Press, 2008 (), p. 263Google Books). though statutory definitions have been provided for certain purposes. The most popular view is that crime is a category created by law; in other words, something is a crime if declared as such by the relevant and applicable law. One proposed definition is that a crime or offence (or criminal offence) is an act harmful not only to some individual but also to a community, society, or the state ("a public wrong"). Such acts are forbidden and punishable by law. The notion that acts such as murder, rape, and theft are to be prohibited exists worldwide. What precisely is a criminal offence is defined by the criminal law of each r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Madurai District
Madurai District is one of the 38 districts of the state of Tamil Nadu in southeastern India., United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency The city of Madurai serves as the district headquarters. It houses the famous Sri Meenakshi Sundareshwarar temple and is situated on the banks of the river Vaigai. Thiruparankundram is one of the major tourist place in the district. As of 2011, the district had a population of 3,038,252 with a sex-ratio of 990 females for every 1,000 males. Aside from the city of Madurai, the larger towns are Melur, Vadipatti, Thirumangalam, Thirupparankundram, Peraiyur, and Usilampatti. History The main kingdoms which ruled Madurai are the Pandyas and the Nayaks. Geography The district is bounded by Theni in the west, Sivaganga in the east, Dindigul in the north, Virudhunagar in the south and small parts of Tiruchirappalli in the northeast. Climate The climate has extremes. There are three distinct periods of rainfall: * adva ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2016 Ariyalur Gang Rape Case
The 2016 Ariyalur gang rape refers to the gang rape and murder of a pregnant 17-year-old minor Dalit girl, Nandhini, by a Union secretary and three of his friends in December 2016 in Ariyalur District. The men gang raped her and pulled out the fetus from her womb after cutting her genitalia with a blade. Nandhini died at the spot due to excessive bleeding. The men then threw her body into a nearby well. Her body was found in the well with her hands tied in a decomposed state, stripped of her clothes and jewellery. Police reports revealed that the Hindu Munnani Union Secretary was irked at Nandhini, a lower-caste Dalit girl, insisting on marrying her after she got pregnant with him after being in a relationship with her for a year. He was also pressuring her to go for an abortion before the incident. He attempted suicide by drinking poison while he was being traced for the crime and later confessed his crimes to the village administrative officer. All the men involved in the cri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2004 Kalapatti Violence
The 2004 Kalapatti violence refers to the violence against Dalits by dominant-caste villagers in the village of Kalapatti, Tamil Nadu on 16 May 2004. About 100 Dalit houses have been burned down by a mob of 200 villagers and Dalits who attempted to escape were attacked. The attacks lasted for 2 hours and 14 people were seriously injured in the violence including a man's arm reportedly hacked off. Tensions reportedly started after Dalits in the village boycotted the 2004 Lok Sabha election as a protest because some of their grievances remained unattended. This is said to have angered the dominant caste villagers and also the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) workers when the dalits remained unconcerned during the BJP general secretary's visit to the village. Other incidents include an attack against a Dalit youth who was pasting posters to celebrate Dr. Ambedkar's birthday and an altercation between Dalit youths and the dominant-caste men in an auto-rickshaw. The attacks started a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2019 Mettupalayam Wall Collapse
The 2019 Mettupalayam wall collapse refers to the collapse of a 20-foot wall on several houses during heavy rains in December 2019 which killed 17 people during their sleep, all members of the Dalit community. The incident happened in small village called Nadur in Mettupalayam, Tamil Nadu, in southern India. The incident led to protests mostly from the local villagers and pro-Dalit organizations who claimed it was built to segregate the members of the Dalit Community. Incident The incident occurred on around 5:30 a.m on 2 December 2019, when a portion of a 20-foot wall collapsed on four houses, killing 17 people inside while they were asleep. The deceased included 2 males, 3 children and 10 females. It happened during the heavy rains of December 2019 where more than 1000 people were kept in relief camps in various districts in the state. Police reported that the compound wall became wet due to the rains and collapsed, burying the victims alive during their sleep. The Fire depar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tamil Nadu Untouchability Eradication Front
Tamil Nadu Untouchability Eradication Front (TNUEF) is one of the organisations of the Communist Party of India (Marxist). It works to eradicate the untouchability and other forms of caste oppression. It was the key organisation which worked in razing the untouchability wall at Uthapuram. Activism In 2019, the Tamil Nadu Untouchability Eradication Front protested against an iron fence which blocked the pathway mostly used by Dalits in the Alagumalai village in Tiruppur district for drinking water, their children's education and to reach their homes. The fence forced them to walk about 2 km for drinking water. The fence which also compounded a temple was raised on the instructions of the Hindu Munnani, a Sangh Parivar outfit. Later the part of the fence which blocked the road was removed on the orders of the sub-collector due to the protests. The TNUEF welcomed the move and postponed their protests to remove the entire fence. The Hindu Munnani protested against the Sub-col ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Communist Party Of India Marxist
The Communist Party of India (Marxist) (abbreviated as CPI(M)) is a communist political party in India. It is the largest communist party in India in terms of membership and electoral seats, and one of the six national parties of India. The party was founded through a splitting from the Communist Party of India in 1964; it quickly became the dominant faction. The 34 years of CPI(M)-led Left Front rule in West Bengal was the longest-serving democratically elected communist-led government in the world. It emerged as the third largest party of the parliament in 2004 national election. Presently, CPI(M) is a part of ruling alliances in two states - the LDF in Kerala, which it leads, and the SPA in Tamil Nadu. It also has representation in the legislative assemblies of seven states. The All-India Party Congress is the supreme authority of the Communist Party of India (Marxist). However, during the time between two party congresses, the Central Committee is the highest dec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
