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1975 Banqiao Dam Failure
In August 1975, the Banqiao Dam and 61 others throughout Henan, China, collapsed following the landfall of Typhoon Nina (1975), Typhoon Nina. The dam collapse created the List of natural disasters by death toll#Floods, third-deadliest flood in history which affected with a total population of 10.15 million, including around 30 cities and County#People's Republic of China, counties, with estimates of the death toll ranging from 26,000 to 240,000. The flood also caused the collapse of 5 million to 6.8 million houses. The dam failure took place in the context of the Cultural Revolution. Many of the dams that collapsed were originally constructed with the help of Soviet Union, Soviet advisors. Many were built during the Great Leap Forward. The construction of the dams focused heavily on the goal of retaining water and overlooked their capacities to prevent floods, while the quality of the dams was also compromised due to the Great Leap Forward. The Banqiao dam had been designed for a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henan
Henan; alternatively Honan is a province in Central China. Henan is home to many heritage sites, including Yinxu, the ruins of the final capital of the Shang dynasty () and the Shaolin Temple. Four of the historical capitals of China, Luoyang, Anyang, Kaifeng and Zhengzhou, are in Henan. While the province's name means 'south of the river', approximately a quarter of the province lies north of the Yellow River. With an area of , Henan covers a large part of the fertile and densely populated North China Plain. Its neighboring provinces are Shaanxi, Shanxi, Hebei, Shandong, Anhui, and Hubei. Henan is China's third-most populous province and the most populous among inland provinces, with a population of over 99 million as of 2020. It is also the world's seventh-most populous administrative division; if it were a country by itself, Henan would be the 17th-most populous in the world, behind Egypt and Vietnam. People from Henan often suffer from regional discrimination ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Great Leap Forward
The Great Leap Forward was an industrialization campaign within China from 1958 to 1962, led by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). Party Chairman Mao Zedong launched the campaign to transform the country from an agrarian society into an industrialized society through the formation of people's communes. The Great Leap Forward is estimated to have led to between 15 and 55 million deaths in mainland China during the 1959–1961 Great Chinese Famine it caused, making it the List of famines, largest or second-largest famine in human history. The Great Leap Forward stemmed from multiple factors, including "the purge of intellectuals, the surge of less-educated radicals, the need to find new ways to generate domestic capital, rising enthusiasm about the potential results mass mobilization might produce, and reaction against the sociopolitical results of the Soviet Union, Soviet [Union]'s development strategy." Mao ambitiously sought an increase in rural grain production and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xinyang Backyard Furnaces
Xinyang ( zh, s= , t=信陽 , p=Xìnyáng; postal: Sinyang) is a prefecture-level city in southeastern Henan province, People's Republic of China, the southernmost administrative division in the province. Its total population was 6,234,401 according to the 2020 census. As of the 2010 census, 1,230,042 of them lived in the built-up (or metro) area made of two urban districts, Pingqiao and Shihe. History As early as over 8,000 years ago, Neolithic cultures began primitive agriculture of considerable scale along the Huai River, such as the Peiligang, Longshan and Qujialing cultures. During the Great Leap Forward, one million farmers died in what was known as the Xinyang Incident. Geography Geography of city The prefecture-level city of Xinyang has a total land area of . The city is located in the southernmost part of Henan Province on the south bank of the Huai River and in the middle of the Dabie Mountains area. It borders the cities Zhumadian to the north and Nanyang t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Huai River
The Huai River, formerly romanized as the Hwai, is a major river in East China, about long with a drainage area of . It is located about midway between the Yellow River and Yangtze River, the two longest rivers and largest drainage basins in China. Historically draining eastwards directly into the Yellow Sea, erosion from floods have changed the course of the river such that it now primarily discharges into the Yangtze. The Huai River is, to this day, notoriously vulnerable to flooding. The Qinling–Huaihe Line, formed by the Huai River and the Qin Mountains, is sometimes regarded as the geographical dividing line between northern and southern China. This line approximates the January isotherm and the isohyet in China. Course The Huai River originates in Tongbai Mountain in Henan province. It flows through southern Henan, northern Anhui, and northern Jiangsu where it pools into Lake Hongze. Nowadays the Huai River then runs southwards as the Sanhe River by w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zhumadian
Zhumadian ( zh, s= , t= , p=Zhùmǎdiàn; Postal romanization, postal: Chumatien) is a prefecture-level city in southern Henan province of China, province, China. It borders Xinyang to the south, Nanyang, Henan, Nanyang to the west, Pingdingshan to the northwest, Luohe to the north, Zhoukou to the northeast, and the province of Anhui to the east. As of the 2020 Chinese census, its total population was 7,008,427 inhabitants whom 1,466,913 lived in the built-up (or metro) area made of Yicheng District, Zhumadian, Yicheng District and Suiping County now conurbated. It was once the center of the Cai (state), Cai state during the Eastern Zhou era. The state leaves its name in several of the subdivisions including Shangcai County and Xincai County. Administrative divisions The prefecture-level city of Zhumadian administers 1 district of China, district and 9 County (People's Republic of China), counties. *Yicheng District, Zhumadian, Yicheng District () *Runan County () *Pingyu Count ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Human Rights Watch
Human Rights Watch (HRW) is an international non-governmental organization that conducts research and advocacy on human rights. Headquartered in New York City, the group investigates and reports on issues including War crime, war crimes, crimes against humanity, Child labour, child labor, torture, human trafficking, and Women's rights, women's and LGBTQ rights. It pressures governments, policymakers, companies, and individual abusers to respect human rights, and frequently works on behalf of refugees, children, migrants, and political prisoners. The organization was founded in 1978 as Helsinki Watch, whose purpose was to monitor the Soviet Union's compliance with the 1975 Helsinki Accords. Its separate global divisions merged into Human Rights Watch in 1988. The group publishes annual reports on about 100 countries with the goal of providing an overview of the worldwide state of human rights. In 1997, HRW shared the Nobel Peace Prize as a founding member of the International C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ozy Media
Ozy Media (styled as OZY) was an American media and entertainment company launched in September 2013 by Carlos Watson and Samir Rao. It was headquartered in Mountain View, California, with an additional office in New York City. On September 27, 2021, ''The New York Times'' reported a series of scandals at Ozy involving fraud and executive misbehavior. On October 1, after significant negative media attention, Ozy's board of directors announced that the company would cease operations. On October 4, Watson announced that the company would remain in operation with a significantly reduced board of directors. The Department of Justice and the Securities and Exchange Commission opened investigations into the company. In February 2023 three executives, including both founders, were charged with fraud. Ozy ceased operations, and its website went offline, on March 1, 2023. On July 16, 2024, Ozy Media and co-founder Watson were convicted of fraud at trial. Co-founder and COO Rao and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Qian Zhengying
Qian Zhengying (; 4 July 1923 – 22 October 2022) was a Chinese hydrologist and politician. Biography She was born in Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province. Her father trained as an engineer in the United States before returning to China; some sources report that Qian was born in the United States. She trained as a civil engineer at Utopia University. Qian joined the Chinese Communist Party in 1941. She worked with the Red Army in northern China and was involved in projects on the Huai and Yellow Rivers. In 1949, she was vice-director of the Water Conservancy Department of the East China Political and Military Commission and Vice-Director of the Project Department for the Huaihe River Commission. From 1950 to 1952, she was president of East China Technical University of Water Resources (now Hohai University). She was a member of the 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th and 14th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party. Qian was also vice-minister and then Minister of Water Resources. She s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ministry Of Water Resources Of The People's Republic Of China
The Ministry of Water Resources of the People's Republic of China is an executive department of the State Council of the People's Republic of China responsible for managing water resources in China. It is the 18th-ranking department of the State Council. History In 2018, some of the Ministry of Water Resources environmental policy functions were transferred to the newly created Ministry of Ecology and Environment (MEE) as part of the deepening the reform of the Party and state institutions, including responsibility over water function zoning and watershed protection. The Ministry of Water Resources also absorbed the Three Gorges Project Construction Committee and the South-North Water Diversion Project Construction Committee. Functions The Ministry's duties include issuing water permits and fees, irrigation and drainage, conservation of water and soil, water technology, hydrology, flood control, drought relief, and international water issues and cooperation. It also directs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chinese Government
The government of the People's Republic of China is based on a system of people's congress within the parameters of a Unitary state, unitary communist state, in which the ruling Chinese Communist Party (CCP) enacts its policies through people's congresses. This system is based on the principle of Unified power, unified state power, in which the legislature, the National People's Congress (NPC), is Constitution of the People's Republic of China, constitutionally enshrined as "the highest state organ of power." As China's political system has no separation of powers, there is only one branch of government which is represented by the legislature. The CCP through the NPC enacts unified leadership, which requires that all state organs, from the Supreme People's Court to the State Council of China, are elected by, answerable to, and have no separate powers than those granted to them by the NPC. By law, all elections at all levels must adhere to the leadership of the CCP. The CCP contro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Forest Cover
Forest cover is the amount of trees that covers a particular area of land. It may be measured as relative (in percent) or absolute (in square kilometres/ square miles). Nearly a third of the world's land surface is covered with forest, with closed-canopy forest accounting for 4 - 5 billion hectares of land. Forests provide many ecosystem services that humans and animals cannot survive without, but anthropogenic actions and climate change are threatening global forest cover in potentially irreversible ways. Global patterns Forest cover by the numbers According to the FAO's Global Forest Resources Assessment 2020, the world has a total forest area of 4.06 billion hectares (10.0 billion acres), which is 31% of the total land area. More than one-third of the world's forest cover is primary forest: naturally regenerated forests with native species and no visible indication of human activity. More than half (54%) of the world's forests are found in only five countries (Brazil, C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Learn From Dazhai In Agriculture
The "Learn from Dazhai in agriculture" Campaign (, or in Wade-Giles Romanization Tachai) was a campaign organized by Mao Zedong in 1963. The campaign encouraged peasants from all over China to follow from the example of the farmers of the village Dazhai in Shanxi by practicing self-sacrifice and upright political activity. It grew in importance after the introduction of the Cultural Revolution, but Chen Yonggui and its other proponents were eventually eased out of power by Deng Xiaoping following the removal of the Gang of Four. History Dazhai became famous for its agricultural production in the early 1960s. Mao promoted Dazhai as a national model for agricultural production. From 1964 to 1978, Dazhai's model of rural self-reliance was the frequent subject of news reels. The Learn from Dazhai movement heavily emphasized self-reliance in rural development. This success of Dazhai peasants in building "socialist agriculture"—including overcoming difficult conditions to terrace ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
