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1960 Force Publique Mutinies
On 5 July 1960, soldiers of the garrisons of Kinshasa, Léopoldville and Thysville of the Force Publique, the army of the newly independent Republic of the Congo (Léopoldville), Republic of the Congo mutinied against their white officers. The revolt quickly spread throughout the Bas-Congo and engulfed the country in disorder, beginning the Congo Crisis. Background The Force Publique was long characterised by repressive police actions and entrenched racial segregation. With the exception of 10 ''adjutants'' appointed shortly before independence, no Congolese soldier was able to advance past the rank of sergeant. Many hoped that independence would result in immediate promotions and material gains, but were disappointed by Prime Minister Patrice Lumumba's slow pace of reform. The rank-and-file felt that the Congolese political class—particularly ministers in the new government—were enriching themselves while failing to improve the troops' situation. There was dissatisfaction t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Congo Crisis
The Congo Crisis () was a period of Crisis, political upheaval and war, conflict between 1960 and 1965 in the Republic of the Congo (Léopoldville), Republic of the Congo (today the Democratic Republic of the Congo). The crisis began almost immediately after the Congo became independent from Belgium and ended, unofficially, with the entire country under the rule of Mobutu Sese Seko, Joseph-Désiré Mobutu. Constituting a series of civil wars, the Congo Crisis was also a proxy war, proxy conflict in the Cold War, in which the Soviet Union and the United States supported opposing factions. Around 100,000 people are believed to have been killed during the crisis. A nationalist movement in the Belgian Congo demanded the end of colonial rule: this led to the country's independence on 30 June 1960. Minimal preparations had been made and many issues, such as federalism, tribalism, and ethnic nationalism, remained unresolved. In the first week of July, Mutiny of the Force Publique, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Albert Kalonji
Albert Kalonji (6 June 1929 – 20 April 2015) was a Congolese politician and businessman from the Luba ya Kasai nobility. He was elected emperor ( Mulopwe) of the Baluba ya Kasai (Bambo) and later became king of the Federated State of South Kasai. Co-founder, along with Patrice Lumumba, of the Congolese National Movement (MNC), he campaigned with him for the independence of the Congo. Internal disagreements led to the split of the MNC into two branches, known as MNC-Lumumba and MNC-Kalonji. In 1960, Kalonji was elected emperor of the Lubas and head of state of South Kasai by the nobility the ministers and the Kasaian people. Kalonji was crowned by the church and the Luba tribe on 12 April 1961. This de facto independence lasted until September 1962. Early life Albert Kalonji was born on 6 June 1929, in Hemptinne Saint-Benoît (currently Bunkondo) near present-day Kananga.He attended Scheut Missionaries-run Catholic schools in Lusambo before studying at an agricul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
N'djili Airport
N'djili Airport ( ), also known as N'Djili International Airport and Kinshasa International Airport (French language, French ''Aéroport international de N'Djili'' or ''Aéroport international de Kinshasa''), serves the city of Kinshasa and is the largest of the five international airports in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). It is named after the nearby Ndjili River. History The airport was inaugurated in 1959, mainly used as a secondary hub for SABENA until 1960 when the Democratic Republic of the Congo became independent, then becoming a major hub for Air Congo. In 1998 N'Djili airport was the site of Operation Kitona, one of the decisive battles of the Second Congo War. Rebel forces advancing on Kinshasa infiltrated the airport perimeter but were repelled by Zimbabwean troops and aircraft arriving to support the government of Laurent Kabila. In June 2015, a new international terminal was opened which can service one million passengers per year. Some computerize ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thomas Kanza
Thomas Rudolphe Kanza or Nsenga Kanza (10 October 1933 – 25 October 2004) was a Congolese diplomat. He was one of the first Congolese nationals to graduate from a university. From 1960 to 1962, he served as the Democratic Republic of the Congo (then Republic of the Congo)'s first ambassador to the United Nations and from 1962 to 1964, was a delegate to the United Kingdom. His opposition to the governments of Moïse Tshombe and Joseph-Désiré Mobutu led him to first rebel and ultimately flee the Congo. He returned in 1983, and resumed politics. From Mobutu's ousting in 1997 until his own death, Kanza served in diplomatic roles for the Congo. Early life Thomas Kanza was born on 10 October 1933 in Léopoldville, Belgian Congo. He was the son of Daniel Kanza, who would emerge in the 1950s as a leader of the ABAKO party. He was the very first Congolese national to receive a college education in an area other than theology, studying at the Université catholique de Louvain from 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles Kisolokele
Charles Daniel Kisolokele Lukelo (1914 – 17 March 1992) was a Congolese politician and a key member of the Kimbanguist Church. He was appointed a minister of state in the first Congolese government and later served as Minister of Parastatals and Minister of Work and Social Welfare. Early life Charles Daniel Kisolokele was born in 1914 in Nkamba, Belgian Congo, the eldest son of Simon Kimbangu. Simon Kimbangu was the founder of Kimbanguism, a Christian-inspired religious movement that provoked the ire of Belgian missionaries. When the colonial authorities attempted to arrest him in June 1921, he fled into the bush with Kisolokele and some of his own followers. Kisolokele spent six years in primary school and three years in middle school, the latter in the Colonie scolaire de Boma. Following two years of service as an instructor at the school, Kisolokele became an agent of the public works department of the colonial administration in Maduda. He worked there for 30 years. Pol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Congolese Troops Occupy The Streets
Congolese or Kongolese may refer to: African peoples * Congolese people (other) * Kongo people, a Bantu ethnic group who live along the Atlantic coast of Africa from Pointe-Noire (Republic of Congo) to Luanda, Angola, primarily defined by speaking of the common language Kikongo * Kongo language, the Bantu language spoken by the Bakongo and Bandundu people living in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the Republic of the Congo and Angola * Democratic Republic of the Congo cuisine African countries * Something of, from, or related to the Democratic Republic of the Congo, in Africa, through which the Congo River flows ** Something of, from, or related to the former Republic of the Congo, in Africa, the modern-day Democratic Republic * Something of, from, or related to the Republic of the Congo (Brazzaville), in Africa, located west of the Congo River ** Something of, from, or related to the former French Congo, in Africa, the modern-day Republic of the Congo ** Something ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Albert Nyembo
Albert Nyembo Mwana-Ngongo (born 30 May 1929) is a Congolese and Katangese politician who was a Secretary of State and Minister for Congo and secessionist Katanga. Early life Nyembo went to school at the St. Boniface Institute in Élisabethville, capital of Katanga, then in the Belgian Congo. He obtained a degree from the school of telecommunication in Léopoldville, the colony's capital, in 1950. Before 1960, he was a civil servant and trade unionist in the Belgian Congo. In 1957, Nyembo founded the CONAKAT party together with Godefroid Munongo, Évariste Kimba, and Rodolphe Yav. This occurred within a context of anti- Kasaï sentiments. Nyembo was the President of a group of Hemba people from Kongolo, ''Assobako'', which went on to adhere to CONAKAT. Career During the communal election organised before independence, he was elected as a municipal councilor and member of the Élisabethville council. In 1960, he was elected as a national MP for the Tanganyika constitu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Équateur (former Province)
Équateur (French language, French for "Equator") was a province in the northwest of Belgian Congo and the independent Republic of the Congo, now known as Democratic Republic of the Congo. It had its origins in the Équateur District of the Congo Free State, the private property of King Leopold II of Belgium. It was upgraded to provincial status in 1917. Between 1933 and 1947 it was named Coquilhatville. In 1962 it was divided into three smaller provinces, but they were recombined in 1966. Équateur was one of the eleven provinces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo until 2015, when it was split into the new, smaller Province of Équateur, Équateur province, as well as the Tshuapa, Mongala, Nord-Ubangi and Sud-Ubangi provinces. Located in the north of the country, the province bordered the Republic of the Congo to the west, the Central African Republic to the north, to the east the Orientale (province), Orientale province, and to the south the Kasai-Oriental, Kasai-Occidenta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mbandaka
Mbandaka (, formerly known as Coquilhatville in French, or Coquilhatstad in Dutch) is a city in the Democratic Republic of Congo located near the confluence of the Congo and Ruki rivers. It is the capital of Équateur Province. The city was founded in 1883 by British explorer Henry Morton Stanley under the name Équateurville. The headquarters of the Fourth Naval Region of the Navy of the Democratic Republic of the Congo are located in the city. Geography Mbandaka lies on the east bank of the Congo River below the mouth of the Ruki River, a tributary of the Congo. South of the Ngiri Reserve, a large area of swamp forest on the opposite bank of the Congo, it is located at the center of the Tumba-Ngiri-Maindombe wetland. Description Mbandaka is the capital of Équateur province, and located only a few kilometers from the equator. It is home to Mbandaka airport and is linked by a four to seven day trip by river barge journey to Kinshasa and Boende. Kinshasa is an hour's p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Justin Bomboko
Justin-Marie Bomboko Lokumba Is Elenge (22 September 1928 – 10 April 2014), was a Congolese politician and statesman. He was the Minister of Foreign Affairs for the Congo. He served as leader of the Congolese government as chairman of the College of Commissioners. He also served as Foreign Minister for three different tenures: 1960–1963, 1965–1969, and again in 1981. Bomboko died from a long-illness in Brussels, Belgium, aged 85. Early life Justin-Marie Bomboko was born on 22 September 1928 in Boleke, Belgian Congo. Government career In June 1960, Patrice Lumumba was tasked with forming the Republic of the Congo's first independent government. He weighed his options for the Minister of Foreign Affairs between Thomas Kanza, André Mandi, and Bomboko. Lumumba mistrusted Bomboko, whom the Belgians supported and with whom he had political differences. Kanza, who was well acquainted with Bomboko, suggested that he should receive charge of Foreign Affairs, because he was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pierre Wigny
Pierre Wigny (18 April 1905 in Liège – 21 September 1986 in Brussels) was a Belgian politician of the Christian Social Party (). He was a lawyer and a member of the Chamber of Representatives from 1949 to 1971. He was also a member of the Common Assembly of the European Coal and Steel Community from its establishment in 1952 to 1958, and was the second President of the Christian Democratic group, the predecessor of the European People's Party Group, in 1958. He served as Minister of the Colonies from 1947 to 1950, as Foreign Minister from 1958 to 1961, as Minister of Justice from 1965 to 1966 and as Minister of Culture in the Government of the French Community The Cabinet of the French Community of Belgium (, ) is the executive branch of the French Community of Belgium, and it sits in Brussels. It consists of a number of ministers chosen by the Parliament of the French Community and is headed by a Minist ... from 1966 to 1968. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gaston Eyskens
Gaston François Marie, Viscount Eyskens (1 April 1905 – 3 January 1988) was a Christian democracy, Christian democratic politician and prime minister of Belgium. He was also an economist and member of the Belgian Christian Social Party (Belgium, defunct), Christian Social Party (CVP-PSC). He served three terms as the prime minister of Belgium, holding the position from 1949 to 1950, 1958 to 1961 and 1968 to 1973. During his periods in office, Eyskens was confronted with major ideological and linguistic conflicts within Belgium including the Royal Question in 1950, the Second School War, School War in 1958, the independence of the Belgian Congo in 1960 and the split of the Catholic University of Leuven (1834–1968), University of Leuven in 1970. He oversaw the first steps towards the federalization of Belgium (constitutional reform of 1970). Eyskens led a centre cabinet in 1958, followed by two centre-right cabinets from 1958 to 1961, another centre cabinet from 1968 to 1972 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
