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1933 Romanian General Election
General elections were held in Romania in December 1933, the third in three years.Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p1591 The Chamber of Deputies was elected on 20 December, whilst the Senate was elected in three stages on 22, 28 and 29 December. The result was a victory for the governing National Liberal Party (PNL), which won 300 of the 387 seats in the Chamber of Deputies and 105 of the 108 seats in the Senate elected through universal male suffrage.Nohlen & Stöver, p1610-1611 Results Chamber of Deputies Senate References {{Romanian elections Parliamentary elections in Romania Romania Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central Europe, Central, Eastern Europe, Eastern and Southeast Europe. It borders Ukraine to the north and east, Hungary to the west, Serbia to the southwest, Bulgaria to the south, Moldova to ... Election and referendum articles with incomplete results 1933 elections in Romania ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chamber Of Deputies Of Romania
The Chamber of Deputies () is the lower house in Romania's bicameral parliament. It has 312 regular seats to which deputies are elected by direct popular vote using party-list proportional representation to serve four-year terms. Additionally, the organisation of each national ethnic minority is entitled to a seat in the Chamber (under the limitation that a national minority is to be represented by one organisation only). As of the 2024 election, there are 19 such additional seats. Leadership and structure Standing Bureau The () is the body elected by the deputies that rules the Chamber. Its president is the President of the Chamber, who is elected for a whole legislature (usually four years). All the other members are elected at the beginning of each parliamentary session. The Chamber of Deputies in Romania is chosen through a democratic process, where all citizens have an equal opportunity to vote freely and privately. It serves as a forum for the exchange of diver ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Agrarian Party
The National Agrarian Party ( or ''Partidul Național-Agrarian'', PNA) was a right-wing agrarian party active in Romania during the early 1930s. Established and led by poet Octavian Goga, it was originally a schism from the more moderate People's Party, espousing agrarianism in combination with national conservatism, monarchism, antisemitism, and Germanophilia; Goga was also positively impressed by fascism, but there is disagreement in the scholarly community as to whether the PNA was itself fascist. Its antisemitic rhetoric was also contrasted by the PNA's acceptance of some Jewish members, including Tudor Vianu and Henric Streitman. The group was generally suspicious of Romania's other ethnic minorities, but in practice accepted members and external collaborators of many ethnic backgrounds, such as the Gagauz Dumitru Topciu and the Romani Gheorghe A. Lăzăreanu-Lăzurică. The PNA existed as a venue for supporting the authoritarian King, Carol II, whose political program it ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
December 1933 In Europe
December is the twelfth and final month of the year in the Julian and Gregorian calendars. Its length is 31 days. December's name derives from the Latin word ''decem'' (meaning ten) because it was originally the tenth month of the year in the calendar of Romulus , which began in March. The winter days following December were not included as part of any month. Later, the months of January and February were created out of the monthless period and added to the beginning of the calendar, but December retained its name.Macrobius, ''Saturnalia'', tr. Percival Vaughan Davies (New York: Columbia University Press, 1969), book I, chapters 12–13, pp. 89–95. In Ancient Rome, as one of the four Agonalia, this day in honour of Sol Indiges was held on December 11, as was Septimontium. Dies natalis (birthday) was held at the temple of Tellus on December 13, Consualia was held on December 15, Saturnalia was held December 17–23, Opiconsivia was held on December 19, Divalia was held on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parliamentary Elections In Romania
In modern politics and history, a parliament is a legislative body of government. Generally, a modern parliament has three functions: representing the electorate, making laws, and overseeing the government via hearings and inquiries. The term is similar to the idea of a senate, synod or congress and is commonly used in countries that are current or former monarchies. Some contexts restrict the use of the word ''parliament'' to parliamentary systems, although it is also used to describe the legislature in some presidential systems (e.g., the Parliament of Ghana), even where it is not in the official name. Historically, parliaments included various kinds of deliberative, consultative, and judicial assemblies. What is considered to be the first modern parliament, was the Cortes of León, held in the Kingdom of León in 1188. According to the UNESCO, the Decreta of Leon of 1188 is the oldest documentary manifestation of the European parliamentary system. In addition, UNESCO ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bernhard Vogel (politician)
Bernhard Vogel (; 19 December 1932 – 2 March 2025) was a German politician of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU). He was the 4th Minister President of Rhineland-Palatinate from 1976 to 1988 and the second Minister President of Thuringia from 1992 to 2003. He was the only person to have been head of two different German federal states and was the longest-governing Minister President of Germany. He served as the 28th and 40th President of the Bundesrat in 1976 to 1977 and 1987 to 1988. Life and career Early life and education Vogel was born in Göttingen on 19 December 1932 and grew up in Giessen. He received his ''Abitur'' in Munich in 1953, and began studies in political science, history, sociology, and economics, first in Heidelberg and then in Munich. He received his doctorate in 1960, while working as a research assistant at the Institute of Political Science at the University of Heidelberg. He became a lecturer there the following year, also working in adult educat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dolf Sternberger
Dolf Sternberger (originally ''Adolf Sternberger''; 28 July 1907 – 27 July 1989) was a German people, German philosopher and political scientist at the University of Heidelberg. Biography Dolf Sternberger was born in Wiesbaden in 1907. He is known for his concept of citizenship in contemporary German political thought, and for coining the term "constitutional patriotism" (''Verfassungspatriotismus'') in 1979, on the occasion of the 30th anniversary of the Federal Republic of Germany.Jan-Werner Muller''Constitutional Patriotism'' Princeton University Press, 2008, p. 21. He died in Frankfurt/Main in 1989. Notes References * Bernhard Vogel (politician), Bernhard Vogel: ''Dolf Sternberger und die Politische Wissenschaft''. Heidelberg 2008. External links * "Sprachkritik", Nazism, and the German Conscience: the Career of Dolf SternbergerDolf-Sternberger-Gesellschaft e.V. 20th-century German philosophers 1907 births 1989 deaths Grand Crosses 1st class of the Order of Me ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United Socialist Party (Romania)
The United Socialist Party (, abbreviated P.S.U.) was a political party in Romania, formed in 1933 through the merger of the Independent Socialist Party (PSI) and the Socialist Party (led by Constantin Popovici). PSU was a small party but played an important role within the left-wing movement, especially through its repeated attempts to promote unity between the Communist Party (PCR) and (PSD). PSU was affiliated with the London-based International Bureau of Revolutionary Socialist Unity. Towards the merger of Popovici and the Independent Socialists The Socialist Party of Popovici held its party congress 11–12 March 1933. The final declaration of the congress called for working towards socialist unity on the basis of class struggle, and appealed for the formation of a 'Federation of the Social and Independent Socialist Parties' as an intermediary step towards merger of the two parties. After the Socialist Party congress, a meeting was held at the PSI headquarters at which ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ploughmen's Front
The Ploughmen's Front () was a Romanian Left-wing politics, left-wing Agrarianism, agrarian-inspired political organisation of ploughmen, founded at Deva, Romania, Deva in 1933 and led by Petru Groza. At its peak in 1946, the Front had over 1 million members. History Begun in Hunedoara County, it quickly spread into the Banat, and then into the other regions of Romania. Groza, who had been a minister in Alexandru Averescu's People's Party (interwar Romania), People's Party cabinet (1926), aimed to improve the situation of the peasantry (which he believed had been betrayed by the main agrarian group, the National Peasants' Party), calling for a social security program in the countryside and tax reform favourable to small holdings. The group was also Republicanism, republican in ambitions, probably from the moment it was created (before 1940, Groza was recorded to have said "my last king was Decebalus, after whose death I became a republican"). In 1935, the organisation aligned ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Romanian Social Democratic Party (1927–1948)
The Romanian Social Democratic Party (, or , PSD) was a social-democratic political party in Romania. In the early 1920s, the Socialist Party of Romania split over the issue of affiliation with the Third International. The majority, which supported affiliation, evolved into the Communist Party of Romania in 1921, while the members who opposed the new orientation formed various political groupings, eventually reorganizing under a central leadership in 1927. From 1938 to 1944, the party was outlawed but remained active in clandestinity. After 1944, it allied with the Communists and eventually was forced to reunite with them to form the '' Workers' Party of Romania'' in 1948. It published the magazines '' Socialismul'', ''Lumea Nouă'', and ''Libertatea''. After the end of the Communist single-party system in 1989, a group of former members created a new party which proclaimed itself the direct descendant of the PSD. Foundation and World War II The first organized party of the Rom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jewish Party (Romania)
The Jewish Party, in full the Jewish Party of Romania (, PER; ; , ''Idishe partey'') or the Jewish National Party (''Partidul Național Evreiesc'' or ''Evreesc'', PNE; ), Adrian Niculescu in ''Observator Cultural'', Issue 72, July 2001 was a right-wing political party in Romania, representing History of the Jews in Romania, Jewish community interests. It originally followed an undercurrent of Zionism, promoting communitarianism as a prerequisite of resettlement in Mandatory Palestine, Palestine, and later progressed toward Religious Zionism and Revisionist Zionism, Revisionism. Founded by Tivadar Fischer, József Fischer, and Adolphe Stern, it had particularly strong sections in Transylvania and Bessarabia. In the Romanian Old Kingdom, Old Kingdom, where it registered least support, it was mainly represented by A. L. Zissu, Mișu Benvenisti, and ''Renașterea Noastră'' newspaper. The PER was strongly opposed to the liberal and Jewish assimilation, assimilationist program of Wilhelm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vlad Țepeș League
The Vlad Țepeș League (, LVȚ; colloquially ''Țepiști'', singular form: ''Țepist''), later Conservative Party (''Partidul Conservator'', PC), was a political party in Romania, founded and presided upon by Grigore Filipescu. A "right-wing conservative" movement, it emerged around Filipescu's ''Epoca (Romania), Epoca'' newspaper, and gave political expression to his journalistic quarrels. Primarily, the party supported the return of Carol II of Romania, Prince Carol as King of Romania, rejecting the Romanian Regency regime, and questioning democracy itself. Filipescu stirred public controversy with his Criticism of democracy, critique of democracy, drawing suspicions that he was creating a localized fascism. In its original form, the LVȚ idealized efficient government by dictatorial means, and allowed its fringes to be joined by ultra-nationalists and fascists. One of these was the youth-wing organizer, Gheorghe Beza, expelled from the group in 1930, after his assassination attem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
People's Party (interwar Romania)
People's Party, Peoples Party or Popular Party may refer to one of the following political parties. Translations into English of the names of the various countries' parties are not always consistent, but ''People's Party'' is the most common. Current * Armenia: ** People's Democratic Party (Armenia) ** People's Party (Armenia) ** People's Party of Armenia * Aruban People's Party (founded 1942, , , ''AVP'') * Austrian People's Party (founded 1945, (, ''ÖVP'') * Cambodian People's Party (founded 1951, , ', ''CPP'') * People's Party for Reconstruction and Democracy in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (founded 2002, , PPRD) * People's Party of Canada (founded 2018) * Croatia: ** Croatian People's Party (other) (), several parties ** Croatian Popular Party (other) (), several parties * National People's Party (Curaçao) (founded 1947, , ''PNP'') * Czechoslovak People's Party (founded 1919, , ČSL) * Botswana People's Party * Denmark: ** Danish People's ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
