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1921 In Romania
Events from the year 1921 in Romania. The year saw the formation of the Romanian Communist Party out of the Socialist Party and subsequent imprisonment of the Communist leadership. Incumbents * King: Ferdinand. * Prime Minister: ** Alexandru Averescu (until 17 December). ** Take Ionescu (from 17 December). Events * 2 February – Nicolae Bretan's opera '' Luceafărul'' is first performed at Romanian National Opera, Cluj-Napoca. * February – Elena Bacaloglu signs an agreement with Benito Mussolini, founding the National Italo-Romanian Fascist Movement (). * 3 March – The Convention of Romanian–Polish Defensive Alliance is signed in Bucharest, which came into force on 25 July, cementing the Polish–Romanian alliance. * 8 May – At the congress of the Socialist Party of Romania (), the pro- Bolshevik faction affirms control of the party, which consequently joins Communist International and is renamed the Romanian Communist Party (). * 12 May – The police arrest t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Romanian Communist Party
The Romanian Communist Party ( ro, Partidul Comunist Român, , PCR) was a communist party in Romania. The successor to the pro-Bolshevik wing of the Socialist Party of Romania, it gave ideological endorsement to a communist revolution that would replace the social system of the Kingdom of Romania. After being outlawed in 1924, the PCR remained a minor and illegal grouping for much of the interwar period and submitted to direct Comintern control. During the 1920s and the 1930s, most of its activists were imprisoned or took refuge in the Soviet Union, which led to the creation of competing factions that at times came in open conflict. That did not prevent the party from participating in the political life of the country through various front organizations, most notably the Peasant Workers' Bloc. During the mid 1930s, as a result of the purges against the Iron Guard, the party was on the road to achieving power, but this was crushed by the dictatorship of king Carol II. In the p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hungarian Union (Romania)
The Hungarian Union (, UM) was a political party in Romania representing the Hungarian minority. History The party was established on 6 July 1921, with Sámuel Jósika as its first president.Sorin Radu & Hans-Christian Maner (2012) ''Parliamentarism and Political Structures in East-Central and Southeastern Europe in the Interwar Period'', University of Sibiu Publishing House, p196 Its activities were suspended by the Romanian government on 30 October, based on a historical law banning political parties based on ethnic lines. On 15 January 1922 István Kecskeméthy became its new president, and the government allowed the party to resume activities shortly before the March 1922 elections.Radu & Maner, p197 In the elections the party won three seats in the Chamber of Deputies.Dieter Nohlen Dieter Nohlen (born 6 November 1939) is a German academic and political scientist. He currently holds the position of Emeritus Professor of Political Science in the Faculty of Economic and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adevărul
''Adevărul'' (; meaning "The Truth", formerly spelled ''Adevĕrul'') is a Romanian daily newspaper, based in Bucharest. Founded in Iași, in 1871, and reestablished in 1888, in Bucharest, it was the main left-wing press venue to be published during the Romanian Kingdom's existence, adopting an independent pro-democratic position, advocating land reform, and demanding universal suffrage. Under its successive editors Alexandru Beldiman and Constantin Mille, it became noted for its virulent criticism of King Carol I. This stance developed into a republican and socialist agenda, which made ''Adevărul'' clash with the Kingdom's authorities on several occasions. As innovative publications which set up several local and international records during the early 20th century, ''Adevărul'' and its sister daily ''Dimineața'' competed for the top position with the right-wing ''Universul'' before and throughout the interwar period. In 1920, ''Adevărul'' also began publishing its prestigi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1959 In Romania
Events from the year 1959 in Romania. During the year, the country hosted the first International Mathematical Olympiad. Incumbents * President of the Provisional Presidium of the Republic: Ion Gheorghe Maurer. *Prime Minister: Chivu Stoica. *General Secretary of the Romanian Communist Party: Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej. Events * 31 January – Sandu Tudor begins a 40-year sentence at Jilava Prison for "conspiracy against the social order" and "intense activity against the working class". * 29 May – Sociologists form a National Sociological Committee, which soon joins the International Sociological Association, to encourage the development of the discipline. * July – Babeș-Bolyai University is formed in Cluj by the merger of Babeș and Bolyai Universities, which had as their languages of instruction Romanian and Hungarian respectively. * 23 July – Brașov and Bucharest jointly host the first International Mathematical Olympiad, which runs until 31 July. * 28 July – The Ioanid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jilava Prison
Jilava is a commune in Ilfov county, Muntenia, Romania, near Bucharest. It is composed of a single village, Jilava. The name derives from a Romanian word of Slavic origin ( Bulgarian жилав ''žilav'' (tough), which passed into Romanian as ''jilav'') meaning "humid place". In this commune there is an operating prison and also the Fort 13 Jilava. Fort 13 Jilava Jilava was the location of a fort built by King Carol I of Romania, as part of the capital's defense system. At a later date, the fort was converted into a prison. It is now a historical monument. This prison is the site where, on November 26–27, 1940, the Iron Guard authorities of the National Legionary State killed 64 political prisoners as revenge for the previous killing of their leader Corneliu Zelea Codreanu (see '' Jilava Massacre''); it was also here that Ion Antonescu, dictator (''Conducător'') of Romania during World War II, was executed for war crimes in 1946 and where on 23 October 1971 the serial ki ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Toma Arnăuțoiu
Toma Arnăuțoiu (14 February 1921 – 18 July 1959) was a Romanian officer who led a small group of anti-communist resistance fighters in the Southern Carpathian foothills between 1949 and 1958. It ended up as one of the most enduring resistance groups in Eastern Europe. Biography Early life Arnăuțoiu was born in the village of Nucșoara, Muscel County (now Argeș), Kingdom of Romania. He was the second son of schoolteacher Ion Arnăuţoiu and his wife, Laurenția. Starting in 1942 he attended the Cavalry School "King Ferdinand I" in Târgoviște, graduating fourth in his class in April 1944 with the rank of second lieutenant. He saw action in the fall of 1944, after Romania joined the Allied campaign against Germany as a result of King Michael's Coup. For his actions he was awarded on 4 November the Order of the Crown of Romania, knight class. On 26 December 1944 Arnăuțoiu was wounded in action in Hungary. After spending three months in a hospital, he resumed mil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2012 In The United States
Events in the year 2012 in the United States. Incumbents Federal government * President of the United States, President: Barack Obama (Democratic Party (United States), D-Illinois) * Vice President of the United States, Vice President: Joe Biden (D-Delaware) * Chief Justice of the United States, Chief Justice: John Roberts (New York) * Speaker of the United States House of Representatives, Speaker of the House of Representatives: John Boehner (Republican Party (United States), R-Ohio) * Senate Majority Leader: Harry Reid (D-Nevada) * United States Congress, Congress: 112th United States Congress, 112th Events January * January – HipGeo, a Location-based service, LBS Application software, app is launched. * January 1 – New laws that go into effect on January 1: **Hawaii and Delaware's civil union laws go into effect. ** Illinois allows motorcyclists the right to yield at red lights since magnetic streetlight sensors will not recognize motorcycles. ** Utah Prohibi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Raggedy Ann
Raggedy Ann is a character (arts), character created by American writer Johnny Gruelle (1880–1938) that appeared in a series of books he wrote and illustrated for young children. Raggedy Ann is a rag doll with red yarn for hair and a triangle nose. Gruelle received US Patent D47789 for his Raggedy Ann doll on September 7, 1915. The character was created in 1915 as a doll, and was introduced to the public in the 1918 book ''Raggedy Ann Stories''. When a doll was marketed with the book, the concept had great success. A sequel, ''Raggedy Andy Stories'' (1920), introduced the character of her brother, Raggedy Andy. Further characters such as Beloved Belindy, a Mammy archetype in the United States, black mammy doll, were featured as dolls and characters in books. Origins The exact details of the origins of the Raggedy Ann doll and related stories, which were created by Johnny Gruelle, are not specifically known, although numerous myths and legends about the doll's origins have been ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Animator
An animator is an artist who creates multiple images, known as frames, which give an illusion of movement called animation when displayed in rapid sequence. Animators can work in a variety of fields including film, television, and video games. Animation is closely related to filmmaking and like filmmaking is extremely labor-intensive, which means that most significant works require the collaboration of several animators. The methods of creating the images or frames for an animation piece depend on the animators' artistic styles and their field. Other artists who contribute to animated cartoons, but who are not animators, include layout artists (who design the backgrounds, lighting, and camera angles), storyboard artists (who draw panels of the action from the script), and background artists (who paint the "scenery"). Animated films share some film crew positions with regular live action films, such as director, producer, sound engineer, and editor, but differ radically i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tissa David
Thérèse "Tissa" David (January 5, 1921 – August 21, 2012) was a Romanian-born American animator of Hungarian ethnicity, whose career spanned more than sixty years. She was one of the pioneering women in animation, a field which had been dominated by male animators. ''Millimeter'' magazine described her as "one of the few women to have reached the top in the traditionally male-dominated animated cartoon field" and "one of the world's best and busiest" animators in a story published in 1975. In 1953, she directed ', becoming the second female animator to direct an animated feature film. David later became one of the first women to create and animate a major character in a film when she designed Raggedy Ann for the 1977 film, '' Raggedy Ann & Andy: A Musical Adventure''. Biography Early life Born in 1921 in Cluj, Romania, to an ethnic Hungarian family, Thérèse "Tissa" David was the second oldest of her family's ten children. She first became interested in animation after ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bolhrad
Bolhrad ( uk, Болгра́д, Bolhrad, ; bg, Болград, Bolgrad; ro, Bolgrad, Gagauz: ''Bolgrad''), is a small city in Odesa Oblast (province) of southwestern Ukraine, in the historical region of Budjak. It is the administrative center of Bolhrad Raion (district) and hosts the administration of Bolhrad urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population: History Bolhrad was founded in 1821 by Bulgarian settlers in Bessarabia, under the direction of General Ivan Inzov who is "revered" by Bolhrad residents as the "Founder of Our City." Bolhrad became part of Moldavia from 1856 to 1859, Romania from 1859 to 1878, 1918 to 1940, and 1941 to 1944, before being incorporated into the USSR (in the territory of the Ukrainian SSR), and later independent Ukraine. In 1921, there was a terrorist attack on a palace on the city. File:Bolgrad, Sveto Preobrazenie, katedrala, 1938.jpg, Transfiguration Cathedral File:Historical image of Bolhrad High School (Romania time).jpg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bolgrad Palace Bombing
The Bolgrad palace bombing occurred on 13 December 1921 when a bomb was thrown into the Siguranța palace located in Bolgrad, Kingdom of Romania, resulting in the deaths of 100 soldiers and police officers. The attackers were suspected of being based in Bessarabia Bessarabia (; Gagauz: ''Besarabiya''; Romanian: ''Basarabia''; Ukrainian: ''Бессара́бія'') is a historical region in Eastern Europe, bounded by the Dniester river on the east and the Prut river on the west. About two thirds of .... References Terrorist incidents in Romania Terrorist incidents in the 1920s 1921 in Romania {{Romania-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
