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1884 In Italy
Events from the year 1884 in Italy Kingdom of Italy *Monarch – Umberto I of Italy, Umberto I (1878–1900) *Prime Minister of Italy, Prime Minister – Agostino Depretis (1881–1887) The total population of Italy in 1884 (within the current borders) was 30.221 million. Demographics of Italy#Life expectancy, Life expectancy in 1884 was 36.6 years. Events The 1881–1896 cholera pandemic reaches Italy. According to official estimates, cholera killed 50,000 Italians between 1884 and 1887.Snowden, ''Naples in the time of cholera'', 1884-1911p. 85/ref> Cholera reached the Mediterranean in 1884 with an outbreak in France's main naval base at Toulon in June.Snowden, ''Naples in the time of cholera'', 1884-1911p. 62/ref> * 30 March — Reshuffle in the Sixth Depretis government, Depretis government. Depretis moves closer to the Historical Right to broaden his parliamentary base. The financial policy of the Historical Left, which was much less rigorous than that of the Right ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Umberto I Of Italy
Umberto I (; 14 March 1844 – 29 July 1900) was King of Italy from 9 January 1878 until his assassination in 1900. His reign saw Italy's expansion into the Horn of Africa, as well as the creation of the Triple Alliance (1882), Triple Alliance among Italy, German Empire, Germany and Austria-Hungary. The son of Victor Emmanuel II and Adelaide of Austria, Umberto took part in the Unification of Italy, Italian Wars of Independence as a commander of the Royal Sardinian Army. He assumed the Italian throne in 1878 on the death of his father. A strong militarist, Umberto approved the alliance with Germany and Austria-Hungary, which was formalised in 1882. He also encouraged Italy's colonial efforts and oversaw the incorporation of Italian Eritrea, Eritrea and Italian Somaliland, Somalia into the Italian Empire. Domestically, Umberto faced increasing social unrest and serious economic difficulties. Tensions mounted as a result of public opposition to Italy's colonial wars, the spread of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Schneider-Creusot
Schneider et Compagnie, also known as Schneider-Creusot for its birthplace in the French town of Le Creusot, was a historic iron and steel-mill company which became a major arms manufacturer. In the 1960s, it was taken over by the Belgian Empain group and merged with it in 1969 to form Empain-Schneider, which in 1980 was renamed Schneider SA and in 1999, after much restructuring, Schneider Electric. Origins In 1836, Adolphe Schneider and his brother Eugène Schneider bought iron-ore mines and forges at Le Creusot (Saône-et-Loire). They developed a business dealing in steel, railways, armaments, and shipbuilding. The Creusot steam hammer was built in 1877. Somua, a subsidiary located near Paris, made machinery and vehicles, including the SOMUA S35 tank. Armaments Vehicles *Schneider CA1, the first French tank *Schneider-Creusot 030-T steam locomotive * Schneider Coast Defense Train Ships * Ferré-class submarine, a pair of long submarines in service with the P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ventimiglia
Ventimiglia (; , ; ; ) is a resort town in the province of Imperia, Liguria, northern Italy. It is located west of Genoa, and from the French-Italian border, on the Gulf of Genoa, having a small harbour at the mouth of the Roia river, which divides the town into two parts. Ventimiglia's urban area has a population of 55,000. Etymology The name derives from , which later became 'Albintimilium', , then . The similarity to the phrase ("twenty miles") is coincidental, although the town was almost exactly 20 statute miles from France between 1388 and 1860. History Ventimiglia is the ancient Album Intimilium, the capital of the Intimilii, a Ligurian tribe. In the Gothic Wars it was besieged by the Byzantines and the Goths, and later suffered from the raids of Rothari, King of the Lombards, but flourished again under Rodoald. In the 10th century, it was attacked by the Saracens of Fraxinet. After a period as an independent commune, it was ruled by the Counts of V ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stefano Jacini (politician, Born 1826)
Count Stefano Jacini (Casalbuttano, 20 June 1826 – Milan, 15 March 1891) was an Italian statesman and economist. Born at Casalbuttano, Jacini was descended from an old and wealthy Lombard family. He studied in Switzerland, at Milan, and in German universities. During the period of the Austrian restoration in Lombardy (1849–1859) he devoted himself to literary and economic studies. For his work on ''La Proprietà fondiaria in Lombardia'' (Milan, 1856) he received a prize from the Milanese ''Società d'incoraggiamento di scienze e lettere'' and was made a member of the Istituto Lombardo. In another work, ''Sulle condizioni economiche della Valtellina'' (Milan, 1858, translated into English by W. E. Gladstone), he exposed the evils of Austrian rule, and he drew up a report on the general conditions of Lombardy and Venetia for Cavour. He was minister of Public Works under Cavour in 1860–1861, in 1864 under La Marmora, and down to 1867 under Bettino Ricasoli. In 1866 he p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stefano Jacini
Count Stefano Jacini (Casalbuttano, 20 June 1826 – Milan, 15 March 1891) was an Italian statesman and economist. Born at Casalbuttano, Jacini was descended from an old and wealthy Lombard family. He studied in Switzerland, at Milan, and in German universities. During the period of the Austrian restoration in Lombardy (1849–1859) he devoted himself to literary and economic studies. For his work on ''La Proprietà fondiaria in Lombardia'' (Milan, 1856) he received a prize from the Milanese ''Società d'incoraggiamento di scienze e lettere'' and was made a member of the Istituto Lombardo. In another work, ''Sulle condizioni economiche della Valtellina'' (Milan, 1858, translated into English by W. E. Gladstone), he exposed the evils of Austrian rule, and he drew up a report on the general conditions of Lombardy and Venetia for Cavour. He was minister of Public Works under Cavour in 1860–1861, in 1864 under La Marmora, and down to 1867 under Bettino Ricasoli. In 1866 he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Espresso Machine
An espresso machine brews coffee by forcing pressurized water near boiling point through a "puck" of ground coffee and a filter in order to produce a thick, concentrated coffee called espresso. Multiple machine designs have been created to produce espresso. Several machines share some common elements, such as a grouphead and a portafilter. An espresso machine may also have a steam wand which is used to steam and froth liquids (such as milk) for List of coffee drinks, coffee drinks such as cappuccino and Latte, caffè latte. Espresso machines may be #Steam-driven, steam-driven, #Piston-driven, piston-driven, #Pump-driven, pump-driven or #Air-pump-driven, air-pump-driven. Machines may also be manual or automatic. History Precursors Angelo Moriondo, from Turin, patented a Angelo Moriondo#First espresso machine, steam-driven "instantaneous" coffee beverage making device in 1884 (No. 33/256). The device is "almost certainly the first Italian bar machine that controlled the supply ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Angelo Moriondo
Angelo Moriondo (6 June 1851 – 31 May 1914) was an Italian inventor, who is usually credited with patenting the earliest known espresso machine, in 1884. His machine used a combination of steam and boiling water to efficiently brew coffee. Early life Moriondo came from an entrepreneurial family. His grandfather founded a liqueur producing company that was continued by his father Giacomo, who later founded the chocolate company Moriondo and Gariglio, along with his brother Agostino and cousin Gariglio. Angelo purchased the ''Grand-Hotel Ligure'' in the city-centre ''Piazza Carlo Felice'' and the ''American Bar'' in the ''Galleria Nazionale'' of Via Roma. First espresso machine Moriondo presented his invention at the General Expo of Turin in 1884, where it was awarded the bronze medal. The patent was awarded for a period of six years on 16 May 1884 under the title of "New steam machinery for the economic and instantaneous confection of coffee beverage, method ‘A. Moriondoâ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turin
Turin ( , ; ; , then ) is a city and an important business and cultural centre in northern Italy. It is the capital city of Piedmont and of the Metropolitan City of Turin, and was the first Italian capital from 1861 to 1865. The city is mainly on the western bank of the Po (river), River Po, below its Susa Valley, and is surrounded by the western Alpine arch and Superga hill. The population of the city proper is 856,745 as of 2025, while the population of the urban area is estimated by Eurostat to be 1.7 million inhabitants. The Turin metropolitan area is estimated by the OECD to have a population of 2.2 million. The city was historically a major European political centre. From 1563, it was the capital of the Duchy of Savoy, then of the Kingdom of Sardinia (1720–1861), Kingdom of Sardinia ruled by the House of Savoy, and the first capital of the Kingdom of Italy from 1861 to 1865. Turin is sometimes called "the cradle of Italian liberty" for having been the politi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Historical Left
The Left group (), later called Historical Left () by historians to distinguish it from the left-wing groups of the 20th century, was a liberal and reformist parliamentary group A parliamentary group, parliamentary caucus or political group is a group consisting of members of different political party, political parties or independent politicians with similar ideologies. Some parliamentary systems allow smaller politic ... in Italy during the second half of the 19th century. The members of the Left were also known as Democrats or Ministerials. The Left was the dominant political group in the Kingdom of Italy from the 1870s until its dissolution in the early 1910s. Different to its Historical Right, Right counterpart, the Left was the result of coalition who represented Northern and Southern middle class, urban bourgeoisie, small businessmen, journalists and academics. It also supported a right to vote and the State school, public school for all children. Moreover, the party w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Historical Right
The Right group (), later called Historical Right () by historians to distinguish it from the right-wing groups of the 20th century, was an Italian conservative parliamentary group during the second half of the 19th century. After 1876, the Historical Right constituted the Constitutional opposition toward the left governments. It originated in the convergence of the most liberal faction of the moderate right and the moderate wing of the democratic left. The party included men from heterogeneous cultural, class, and ideological backgrounds, ranging from British-American individualist liberalism to Neo-Hegelian liberalism as well as liberal-conservatives, from strict secularists to more religiously-oriented reformists. Few prime ministers after 1852 were party men; instead they accepted support where they could find it, and even the governments of the Historical Right during the 1860s included leftists in some capacity. The Right represented the interests of the Northern bourgeoisi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sixth Depretis Government
The Depretis VI government of Italy held office from 30 March 1884 until 29 June 1885, a total of 310 days, or 1 year, 2 months and 30 days. Government parties The government was composed by the following parties: Composition References {{Governments of the Kingdom of Italy Depretis 6 1884 establishments in Italy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
